scholarly journals Influence of water infusion of medicinal plants on larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Boyko ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko

One of the most common nematodes of ruminants is Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856). Disease caused by these parasites brings economic losses to livestock operations. Therefore it is necessary to control their numbers. The eggs and three larval stages of S. papillosus live in the environment, while the fourth, fifth and mature individuals live in host organisms. Control of these parasites is necessary at all stages of development, including the free-living stage. An experiment on changes in the number strongiloids under the influence of environmental factors was carried out using aqueous extracts of medicinal plants. In the laboratory experiment we researched the effect on the survival of invasive and noninvasive types of S. papillosus larvae of 24 hours exposure at different doses to Artemisia absinthium Linnaeus, 1753, Artemisia annua Linnaeus, 1753, Echinacea purpurea (Linnaeus, 1753) Moench, 1794, Matricaria chamomilla Linnaeus, 1753, Tanacetum vulgare Linnaeus, 1753, Salvia sclarea Linnaeus, 1753, Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch, 1824, Petroselinum crispum (Miller, 1768) Nyman ex A.W. Hill, 1925. The death of 50% of S. papillosus invasive larvae was registered at 464 ± 192 mg/l concentration of aqueous extract of S. sclarea inflorescences. The greatest effect up-on the non-invasive larvae was caused by aqueous extracts of inflorescences of S. sclarea, M. chamomilla and seeds of P. crispum: at concentrations of 327 ± 186, 384 ± 155 and 935 ± 218 mg/l, respectively, 50% of non-invasive larvae died. According to the results of the research, we suggest further study of the nematocidal activity of combinations, contained in the aboveground parts, of clary sage (S. sclarea), camomile (M. chamomilla) and seeds of parsley (P. crispum), and also experimental usage of these species in the fodder compound for cattle, sheep, goats and pigs on experimental farms. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seid Mohammed Ebu ◽  
Aman Dekabo ◽  
Tilahun Hailu

Abstract Artemisia spp are one of the most important traditional medicinal plants of Ethiopia which are used for the treatment of infection and non-infection health problems. The genus Artemisia (Astraceae) consists of about 500 species worldwide. Previous reports indicated that the different species of Artemisia have a wide array of biological activities including antimalarial, cytotoxic, antihepatotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity. In this study, the main aim was to investigate chemical components of Artemisia spp. (A. abyssinica, A. absinthium and A. annua) and evaluate their antimicrobial activities against bacterial strains. The results indicated that the crude extract of these plants were effective against some selected strains of bacterial strains. Here we isolated the well-known antimalarial drug artemisinin (7 mg, 0.004%) from Artemisia annua leaves using a rapid n-hexane fractionation method. The n-hexane extract of A. abyssinica, ethyl acetate extract of A. absinthium and n-hexane of A. annua showed varying degrees of inhibiting effect against bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923T, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC13076T, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC1053T, boydii ATCC1233T, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922T, hospital acquired Acinetobacter baumannii. The ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia absinthium (A.abe) showed the maximum inhibiting effect (35 mm) against A. baumannii. The minimum zone of inhibition (< 3 mm) was recorded for test extract of A.ap against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC1053T. Ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia absinthium (A.abe) was more effective against these selected bacterial strains and the zone of inhibition ranged from 5-35 mm. The minimum inhibition zone (8 mm) was detected against S. typhimurium ATCC 13311T for both A.ac and n-hexane- EtOAc fraction (8:2) of Artemisia abyssinica. The maximum zone of inhibition (25 mm) for fraction (A.ach F4) of Artemisia abyssinica obtained by column chromatography was recorded against S. pyogen ATCC 19615. However, there was no zone of inhibition detected for boydii ATCC1233T due to these test extracts. Significant variations (P = 0.887) were observed between all test extracts of these medicinal plants at 95% of confidence intervals. There is no zone of inhibition or growth for negative control. But, clear zones of inhibition were detected for positive control due to some standard impregnated disks. Based on our results we recommend that various species of Artemisia seem to have great potential for in-depth investigation for various antimicrobial activities that assists the effort in searching for antimicrobial lead compounds.


2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis W. Muregi ◽  
Akira Ishih ◽  
Tohru Suzuki ◽  
Hideto Kino ◽  
Teruaki Amano ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Sonali S Gadge

The COVID-19 has spread all over the world and there is no single drug or medicine for the prevention and the treatment of this deadly disease. One can get prevention from this disease by boosting the immune system. Persons with weak immune system e.g. children, elder patients or patients with preexisting diseases affect rapidly due to coronavirus. This novel coronavirus attacks mainly on the person immunity. For the centuries the herbal medicinal plants have many beneficial effects against deadly viruses. Herbal medicines provide a rich resource for new antiviral drug development. These natural agents interact with the life cycle of virus such as virus entry, replication, assembly and release. In this review, the importance, immunomodulator, antiviral and pharmacological activities of some medicinal plants, namely, Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ginseng, Black pepper, Emblica officinalis, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Azadirachta indica, Piper betel, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinchona calisaya, Nigella sativa, Cuminum cyminum are highlighted. These medicinal plants have many phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, lactones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, tannins, resins, etc which are helpful for boosting immunity and will help in the prevention and in the management of COVID-19. Several types of research attempted to use herbal medicines against COVID-19.


Author(s):  
Hayder Sabah Hasan ◽  
Imad Hashim ◽  
Zaid Al-Attar

Objective: To assess the antihypertensive efficacy of the medicinal plants used Hibiscus subdariffa, Plantago major, Teucrium polium. Moreover, we aim to Investigate the mechanisms of actions of tested agents. Design: Induced hypertension in experimental animals is tested against several drugs and medicinal plants extracts. Animals and materials: Hypertension was induced in experimental rabbits with phenylephrine 0.2mg/kg i.v. with increasing the dose (until Blood pressure>130/90mmHg). Rabbits were divided to 7 groups: Control, atenolol, furosemide, candesartan, Hibiscus subdariffa, Plantago major, Teucrium polium. ANOVA with Dunnett's test was implemented for statistical calculations with p<0.05 as significance level. Results: Candesartan was the most effective in lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Concerning the blood flow, candesartan was found to be the most significantly effective drug in increasing blood flow followed by furosemide and Hibiscus subdariffa respectively. Concerning the urine output furosemide was found to be the most significantly effective drug in increasing urine output followed by Hibiscus subdariffa. The aqueous extracts of Plantago major and Teucrium polium showed no significant effect. Conclusions: Hibiscus subdariffa is effective as diuretic agent at the concentration mentioned. Its action involves diuretic and vasodilator effect. While aqueous extracts of Plantago major and Teucrium polium are not effective.


2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimeu B Mwonga ◽  
Njagi ENM waniki ◽  
Yole S Dorcas ◽  
Ngugi M Piero

Author(s):  
SJ Ameh ◽  
F Tarfa ◽  
TM Abdulkareem ◽  
MC Ibe ◽  
C Onanuga ◽  
...  

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