scholarly journals Trophic links of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
A. B. Chaplygina ◽  
O. Y. Pakhomov ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Oak Woodlands ◽  
Song Thrush ◽  
Trophic Links ◽  
Nestling Diet ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Nature Park

The diet spectrum of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos Brehm, 1831; Passeriformes, Turdidae) was studied with the aim of supporting the population of the species in transformed forests of North-Eastern Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were surveyed: three model sites in oak woodlands with different stages of recreational digression, and the fourth model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 45 invertebrate taxa with the dominance of Insecta (64.6%, n = 1321), Oligochaеta (16.7%), and Gastropoda (12.0%) were revealed in the diet of the song thrush. At the level of orders, Lepidoptera (66.2%) was dominant. In the qualitative structure of the song thrush nestling diet, the highest number of taxa (40.5–59.1%) was represented by phytophages. Phytophagous species also comprised the majority of the consumed prey items (44.7–80.3%). Environmental conditions are an important factor, affecting the diet composition of birds. The most favourable foraging conditions for the thrushes were revealed in natural protected areas. The analysis has shown a fairly even foraging efficiency of the thrushes in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of the National Nature Park “Homilshanski Forests”. The results of the research indicate an important role of T. philomelos in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.

scholarly journals Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Chaplygina ◽  
O. Y. Pakhomov ◽  
H. A. Yevtushenko ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Fringilla Coelebs ◽  
The North ◽  
Trophic Links ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Nature Park

The сhaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Fringillidae) is one of the most colourful forest species of birds living in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. The diet of this species was studied as a contribution to the conservation of the population of this species in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: three model sites in oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and one model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 39 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (93.0%) were found. The orders Coleoptera (32.6%) and Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed in the diet of finch nestlings, the highest number of taxa (52.3–76.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (44.0–55.6%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the finch foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated the crucial role of Fringilla coelebs in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.

scholarly journals Trophic Links of the Blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758) in Transformed Forest Ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Anzhela Chaplygina ◽  
Oleksandr Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Turdus Merula ◽  
The North ◽  
Trophic Links ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Nature Park

AbstractThe blackbird (Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Turdidae) diet was studied to contribute to the conservation of the species population in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: 3 model sites in the oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and 1 model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 44 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (78.1%, n = 1075), were found. The order Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed. In the diet of blackbird nestlings, the highest number of taxa (37.1–52.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (58.8–72.0%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the blackbird foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated a crucial role of T. merula in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.

scholarly journals AEROSPACE MONITORING OF THE FOREST ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF VRACHANSKI BALKAN NATURE PARK

2018 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Adlin Dancheva
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Nature Park

In this paper the application of Remote Sensing and GIS as a means of performing aero – space monitoring of forest ecosystems dynamics is being considered. The purpose of this work is to create a model for monitoring the dynamic of forest ecosystems, based on Remote Sensing and GIS. The results of eco-monitoring can be used to update plans and policies for forest ecosystem management. The territory of Vrachanski Balkan Nature park was chosen as the subject of research as there is a certain anthropogenic pressure there. The results presented are obtained by spatial-time analysis of certain aerospace data indices. To carry out the study optical satellite images were used, on the basics of which three indices were calculated: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Greenness Index (NDGI). A comparative analysis has been created and results of the degree of correlation between the different indices are presented, as well as indicators from the different test areas and related changes in the individual points in time. The results of the survey aim to assess the dynamics and condition of the forest vegetation on the territory of Vrachanski Balkan Nature park and can be utilised in activities related to monitoring, mapping and forest management.

scholarly journals Rare component of Halych National Nature Park forest ecosystems flora (Ivano-Frankivsk region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-302
Author(s):  
Dmytrash-Vatseba I.I. ◽  
Shumska N.V. ◽  
Gniezdilova V.I.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Vascular Plant Species ◽  
General Number ◽  
Nature Park

The paper contains a synopsis of rare component of flora of Halych National Nature Park forest ecosystems, as well as evaluation of distribution trends of rare vascular plant species and the state of their populations. Being established in 2004, the Park is located in Halych district of Ivano-Frankivsk region on the area of 14684.8 ha. Forests occupy the biggest part of its territory (81.1 %), among which predominate poor and mixed oak (Querceta roboris), beech (Fageta sylvaticae) and hornbeam (Carpineta betuli) woods. Inventory check of plant cover of the forest ecosystems has been done between 2008-2019 years. According to the results of our study, within the forests and forest margins grow 303 vascular plant species, out of which 63 are rare (20.8 %). The list of rare species is composed of species included to the Red Data Book of Ukraine, of species protected by international conventions and directives and complemented by species that are threatened within the study region. Species were considered as threatened if the number of localities and / or population size were small. Regionally rare species were selected based on the analyzes of results of our field survey and materials of herbarium collections. We have found that the third part of rare species (33.3 %) has high coenotic amplitude and a bit less species (26.2 %) favor forest margins. Rare species having low coenotic amplitude are confined to beech woods (19.1 %). Rare species are considerably distinguished by occurrence. Species with scarce occurrence predominate. For instance, 61 % of the species were found in 1-5 localities, of which 25 species occur only in one or two sites. Share of species growing in 6-10 localities within the Park is equal to 26.6 %. Only a small percentage (6.2 %) of rare species comprises species with relatively frequent occurrence (11–20 localities as well as more than 20 cites). Rare species of the Park forests with the highest occurrence rate are Lilium martagon and some members of Orchidaceae family. Predominantly, rare species have populations of small size, for instance, 81.2 % of the species were found in quantities of a few plants – several hundreds of individuals. The most threatened are species general number of which at the Park area is several plants (15.6 %). These species are as follows: Circaea alpina, Atropa bella-donna, Campanula latifolia, Phyteuma spicatum, Epipactis atrorubens etc. The biggest groups comprise species with general number of few tens and several hundreds of individuals (totally 65.6 %). Species with big populations represent far smaller part of forest rare species. Nine rare species grow in the number of several thousands of plants within the Park and three species (Allium ursinum, Galanthus nivalis and Leucojum vernum) – over a million. It has been established that 52.4 % of rare species populations taken together remain in critically bad state, 28.6 % of the populations – in bad state, 14.3 % – in satisfactory state. Only 4.8 % of populations are in good state. Our results show that about 95 % of species are in need of protection and continuous monitoring of population number. Furthermore, 51 species of rare plants,having low number and bad state of populations, require to work out and implement management plans for their restoration. Key words: rare species, vascular plants, population state, species occurrence, population number

scholarly journals УГРУПОВАННЯ ПІДСТИЛКОВИХ НЕМАТОД ЛІСІВ МЕЗИНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
T. M. Zhylina ◽  
V. L. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
June July ◽  
Exposition Time

The taxonomic structure of the nematodes and the thickness in the forest litter of the Mezin National Nature Park were studied. Samples were collected during 2008-2010 and 2014 (June – July) in 21 forest ecosystems. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann's method from the sample of 5 g. The exposition time was 48 h. Extracted nematodes were fixed in the triethanolamine–formalin (TAF, 2 % triethanolamine, 7 % formaldehyde solution, 91 % water), and mounted on the temporary hydroglyceric slides. To describe the taxonomic structure of nematode communities we calculated the proportion of each order (family) in the community as the ratio (in %) of the individuals of each order (family) to the total number of nematodes. 46 nematode species belonging to 36 genera, 21 families and 10 orders were identified. The average number of nematodes was 4256 per 100 g of substrate. The number of nematodes varied from 220 to 11920 specimens per 100 g in separate samples. Most of the identified species (78.26 %) belong to the four orders: Tylenchida (10 species), Plectida (9 species), Rhabditida (9 species), Dorylaimida (8 species) or 21.74 %, 19.57 %, 19.57 % and 17.39 % of the species composition, respectively. The orders of Enoplida, Triplonchida, Araeolaimida, Mononchida, Monhysterida and Teratocephalida are represented by 1 to 2 species (4.35 – 2.17 % of the total number of identified species). In terms of quantitative representation, species of Plectida are dominant (proportion in the community 43.15 %). This proportion was 2.5 times higher than the number of representatives of Tylenchida (17.07 %), Dorylaimida (17.01 %) and Rhabditida (16.44 %). Comparatively, the largest number of species found belong to the families Plectidae (9 species), Cephalobidae (6 species), and Tylenchidae (5 species). Only six nematode families were represented in the forest litter samples, namely: Plectidae (with proportion in the community 43.15 %), Dorylaimidae (with proportion in the community 13.74 %), Aphelenchoididae (with 8.99 %), Panagrolaimidae (with 8.17 %), Tylenchidae (with 5.90 %), Mesorhabditidae (with 5.48 %).

Potential and realized ecological niches of herb and shrub layer in forest ecosystems of the north-eastern Ukraine

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
I. N. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Shrub Layer ◽  
Ecological Optimum ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmental Regimes ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Characteristic Species

The species composition of herb and shrub layer of the major forest ecosystems of the north-eastern Ukraine has been analyzed at the level of vegetation classes, and individual ecological optimum of the main species of herbs and shrubs has been determined in order to predict the dynamics of their populations in the region. Literature data and results of our own studies for the period of 2000–2010 have shown that in accordance with the ecofloristic classification in the region, 6 classes of forest vegetation can be distinguished, such as: Querceto-Fagetea Br.-Bl. (1937), Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. (1939), Pulsatillo-Pinetea sylvestris Oberdorfer (1992), Quercetea robori-petreae Br.-Bl. et. Tx. (1963), Salicetea purpureae Moor (1958), Alnetea glutinosae Br. Bl. ex Tx. (1943). The analysis of the general monographs on ecofloristic classification made in the north-eastern Ukraine (Klika, 1955; Matuszkiewicz, 2001; Shelyah-Sosonko, 2002; Grygora, 2005; Solomakha, 2008; Goncharenko, 2009, 2010; Rogova et al., 2005, etc.), provided an opportunity to review the composition of the characteristic species for the six classes of vegetation, registered in the region. Thereby, species, that hardly ever occur in the region or are very rare, have been excluded from the list of characteristic species. Plant species, peculiar to forest communities of the north-eastern Ukraine, have been added. Woody plants and shrubs have been excluded from the analysis. For each species of the three central classes its individual ecological optimum has been estimated considering six factors: 1 – light availability, 2 – temperature, 3 – continentality, 4 – soil moisture, 5 – soil acidity, 6 – soil fertility. The point scale of Ellenberg (Ellenberg, 1952, 1996) with 12 points for soil moisture and 9 points for other environmental regimes has been taken as a basis. Due to the fact that the scale of Ellenberg fails to include all these species, and has a lot of gaps in the assessment of individual regimes, it has been supplemented by the point scale of Landolt (Landolt, 1977), in which the number of species is greater and the assessment of their optimum is more complete. Considering that that in the scale of Landolt all environmental factors are divided into 5 points, transformation of points into 12- or 9-integrated assessment of environmental regimes has been made. The indicated pattern of wide ecological amplitude in characteristic species of higher syntaxonomic units in forest vegetation is useful adaptive trait from the phytocoenogenesis point of view. If there is any change in the general soil-climatic conditions, forest phytocoenoses retain their integrity due to the change in their great number and even the floristic composition in the lower tiers. Grouping of classes Querceto-Fagetea Br.-Bl. (1937), Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. (1939) and Pulsatillo-Pinetea Sylvestris Oberdorfer (1992) play the leading role in the formation of forest ecosystems in the north- eastern Ukraine. Plant species, peculiar to these classes and being part of herb and shrub layer, provide wide ecological amplitudes, covering at least 3–5-point scales of the main environmental factors. Global warming may result in significant changes in the composition and structure of plant populations that form herb and shrub layer of forest phytocenoses of vegetation classes, peculiar to the north-eastern Ukraine.

scholarly journals Botanical geomonitoring of the vegetation cover in the recreation zones of the ecotourism object

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
V.G. Skliar ◽  
K.S. Kyrylchuk ◽  
Yu.L. Skliar
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Reserve Fund

The territories and objects of the nature reserve fund are the important centers for the provision of services related to environmentally friendly tourism in the Sumy region. As of 01.01.2017, the nature reserve fund of the region has 263 territories and objects with a total (actual) area of 176.7 thousand hectares, of which the national value is 19 objects with an area of 50.5 thousand hectares (7.3 %), of local importance – 244 objects with an area of 126.2 thousand hectares (92.7 %). The ratio of the area of the NRF to the area of the oblast ("reserve index") is 7.41 %. The largest recreational and tourist potential has the three largest protected areas of Sumy Region: Desniansko-Starogutsky National Nature Park, Getmanski National Nature Park, and the Seymsky Regional Landscape Park. Involvement of territories and objects of the nature reserve fund in tourism activity should be carried out under strict observance of environmental legislation, defined protection regimes and norms regarding volumes, intensity of recreational loads. Such activities should complement the monitoring system research, including using new technologies based on geographic information systems (GIS). It is expedient and informative to use such resources as Google Maps, EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS), Public cadastral maps of Ukraine, etc. The application of these information-analytical technologies and the results of the space monitoring provides an assessment of the dynamics of the characteristics of the biotopes and the spatial distribution of such investigated integral environmental parameters as the shape and perimeter of the protected zone of the protected object and the processes of its seasonal and long-term successional changes. Provided that a service network is created, tourist ecological routes with use of forest recreational ecosystems to the northeast of Sumy may be interesting. The introduction of information technologies into the system of natural protected areas will significantly affect the observance of the regime of protection of territories and objects of the ecological network and will allow to improve measures on environmental monitoring and background monitoring. A promising area of geomonitoring is the creation of GIS-forms of natural-protected fund objects that combine the collection, storage, processing, access, display and distribution of spatial data, allows you to store, make changes, analyze and monitor their condition in a consistent manner. The exploitation of these databases with system monitoring of zoned and ordered complexes will allow to remove uncontrolled recreational loads for a significant part of natural groups and ensure their effective use on the basis of sustainable development.

scholarly journals NEW FOR DAGESTAN SPECIES OF TOMENTELLA (THELEPHORALES, BASIDIOMYCOTA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
S. V. Volobuev ◽  
Yu. Yu. Ivanushenko ◽  
A. B. Ismailov
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Aim. To obtain new data on the species diversity and ecological characteristics of the Tomentella fungi growing in the North‐Eastern Caucasus.Materials and methods. Sampling of research material was performed in October, 2018 during a route survey of forest ecosystems in the vicinity of Delichoban, the Derbent district, and across the territory of the Upper Gunib natural park, the Gunib district, in the Republic of Dagestan. Identification of the collected material was carried out by light microscopy in the Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.Results. 3 Tomentella species, which are new for the Republic of Dagestan, have been identified, including T. bryophila, T. ellisii and T. fibrosa. All the discovered species are given with a brief morphological description, details of localities and comments on the current taxonomic position.Conclusion. The Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. s. l. genus is currently represented by 12 species in the territory of the Republic of Dagestan: Tomentella bryophila, T. cinerascens, T. crinalis, T. ellisii, T. ferruginea, T. fibrosa, T. lateritia, T. pilosa, T. punicea, T. stuposa , T. subtestacea and T. umbrinospora. All these species are found across a wide range of altitudinal gradient. Further mycological studies, including those using the molecular and genetic approach, are needed to reveal species new for the region and to expand the understanding of the spatial, ecological and trophic structure of its mycobiota. 

Nestling diet of the Algerian Nuthatch Sitta ledanti, an endemic threatened bird in Babors’ Kabylia region (north-eastern Algeria)

Ostrich ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mourad Zemouri ◽  
Lydia Asloune ◽  
Aida Adrar ◽  
Abdelouhab Bouchareb ◽  
Abdelazize Franck Bougaham
Keyword(s):  
Nestling Diet ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria

scholarly journals Arthropods in trophic-cenosis structure of collared flycatcher consortium in conditions of forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
A. B. Chaplygina ◽  
V. N. Gramma ◽  
D. I. Bondarets ◽  
N. O. Savynska
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Collared Flycatcher ◽  
North Eastern
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