Spatial Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Using GIS and WQI in Gadilam River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India

The aims of the current research are to assess the drinking water quality of the groundwater in the Gadilam River Basin, which is located in the northern part of Tamil Nadu, by identifying the groundwater quality index and examine its suitability for drinking. The current work determines the levels of groundwater quality parameters based on 120 groundwater samples; 50 samples from Archaean formation, 34 samples from Quaternary formation, 35 samples from Tertiary formation and the remaining sample from Cretaceous formation. Additionally, this research compares the determined levels with the various standards for drinking. Furthermore, the variability of parameters of the groundwater quality is explored in this paper by using the spatial interpolation method. The conclusion of this research reveals that the groundwater quality parameters such as Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Nitrate (NO32-), Fluoride (F-), Sulphate (SO42-), Bi-carbonate (HCO3-) and Percentage of Hydrogen (pH) values are observed to be within the limiting value for WHO 2017 in all the formations during the seasons in which they were taken. The water quality index (WQI) values of the Archaean, Quaternary and Tertiary formations are found to be less than 100 meq/L in all stations in both seasons. In order of WQI, these stations come under the category of “Excellent” and “Good”. The Piper trilinear classification of groundwater samples fall in the field of mixed Ca-Mg-Cl, and No dominance, some of the samples represent Na-K, Cl types of water.

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Entropy weight application for calculating groundwater quality index (EWQI) in groundwater quality zoning in Pleistocene aquifer in the Phu My town, Ba Ria – Vung Tau province

Science & Technology Development Journal - Science of The Earth & Environment ◽

10.32508/stdjsee.v4i1.533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 140-148

Author(s):

Nguyen Hai Au ◽

Tran Minh Bao ◽

Pham Thi Tuyet Nhi ◽

Tat Hong Minh Vy ◽

Truong Tan Hien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Entropy Weight ◽

Groundwater Quality Index ◽

Pleistocene Aquifer ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Entropy Weight Method

Groundwater in Phu My town is exploited essentially in Pleistocene aquifer and, used for many purposes like irrigation, domestic, production and animal husbandry. In this study, Groundwater Quality Index (EWQI) is calculated with Entropy weight method to determine the suitability of groundwater quality in study area. This method demonstrates the objectivity of each parameter calculated based on the degree of variability of each value and depends on the sample data source. The groundwater samples were collected from 17 wells in dry and wet seasons in 2017 with ten water quality parameters (pH, TDS, TH, Cl-, F-, NH4+-N, NO3--N, SO42-, Pb và Fe2+) were selected for analysising. The analysis results indicate groundwater quality is divided into 4 categories in this study area. In particular, over 70% of wells are "very good" water quality in both dry and wet seasons. Only 6% of wells are " water unsuitable for drinking purpose" of the total number of mornitoring wells in the study area.

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Groundwater Quality of Coastal Aquifer Evaluation Using Spatial Analysis Approach

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340630 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 2902-2912

Author(s):

J. Saravanan ◽

Kishan Singh Rawat ◽

Sudhir Kumar Singh

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Quality ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Research Work ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

World Health ◽

Entire Study ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Health Organization

Groundwater quality of Thiruvallur (district of Tamil Nadu) of coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal has been studied. Standard overlay analysis; techniques have been used for analyzing spatial data in Geographic Information System platform. For this research work, groundwater samples were collected from bore wells and open wells covering the whole study area. The collected samples were analyzed for physical, cations and anions. The thematic maps of groundwater quality parameters of the entire study area were prepared using Inverse Distance Weightage interpolation technique. Further, water quality index was computed for the region on a recommendation of standard permissible limitsrecommended by World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 for the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes.

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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purpose using Different Water Quality Indices in Parts of Gautam Budh Nagar District, India

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 1128-1138

Author(s):

Meenu Agarwal ◽

Meenakshi Singh ◽

Jakir Hussain

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Pure Water ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Canadian Council ◽

Ccme Wqi ◽

Drinking Purpose

Water Quality Index (WQI) is a mathematical value for quality of water, which includes the concentration of a number of constituents present in it. Chemical and biological measures of water quality are used to represent water quality index. Measured value of the selected parameters, ideal concentration of that parameter in pure water and standard value given by different quality control organizations are used to determine this number. In the present study, three indexing methods; Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) and Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) were used to calculate water quality index of groundwater. A hydrochemical analysis of 22 groundwater samples was conducted to evaluate the quality of groundwater for drinking purpose. Ten hydrochemical parameters were selected for computing WQIs of groundwater samples and BIS standards were used for standardization. Analytical results show that 100 % of samples have magnesium and total hardness above the acceptable limit of BIS (10500, 2012). The mean concentration of nitrate was found 196.96 ± 9.3.18 mg/L. Spatial distribution of various parameters shows that south-east part of study area has contaminated groundwater. The results of water quality index shows that drinking water quality of 82 % (WAWQI), 95 % (GWQI) and 77 % (CCME WQI) of groundwater samples were poor to unsuitable type. Water quality index map also reveals that groundwater of village Badhpura, Dhoom Manikpur, Dairy Maccha, Khera Dharampura, Bisrakh road, Duryai and Dujana of district Gautam Budh Nagar of India, was not fit for human consumption.

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Groundwater Quality Studies Using Geographic Information System in Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v12i9.6705 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 4349-4358

Author(s):

V. Rajendran ◽

R. Venkatasubramani ◽

M. Suresh

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Grid Method ◽

Ion Chemistry ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Scientific Report ◽

Integration Analysis

This scientific report deals with the quality of groundwater for drinking purpose in the hard-rock aquifer of Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu South India. 135 Groundwater samples were collected based on the equal grid method and groundwater quality was assessed. Geographically the aerial extent of the study area is plain portion 3313.15 Sq.Km and Hill and forest 1346.25 Sq.Km. groundwater samples was analyzed in various physicochemical parameters and major ion chemistry like pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3- and F-. Based on the analytical results, to prepared spatial distribution maps with help of WHO standard. ArcGIS was employed. Attributes were linked and spatial interpolation tool was used. IDW technique was followed for raster and vector mapping. Finally integration analysis was carried out to locate the worst quality zone. Based on the analysis, most of the samples are suitable for drinking. The final integrated map (Drinking quality) reveals that for suitable for drinking and domestic purpose. “Not permissible” water quality zone cover about area 2467.09 sq. km respectively. While “Maximum allowable” water quality zone cover an area of 836.87 sq. km. The “Most desirable” water quality zone an area 9.19 sq.km for drinking and domestic purposes.

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Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Index in Gadilam River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India

International Journal of Geography and Geology ◽

10.18488/journal.10.2021.101.1.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

K Mohammed Rizwan ◽

V Thirukumaran

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

River Basin ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Tamil Nadu

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Use of GIS in Hydrogeochemical Study and Quality Status From Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu, India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-577840/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muruganantham Arumugam ◽

Sivakumar Karthikeyan ◽

Prabakaran Kulandaisamy ◽

Kongeswaran Thangaraj ◽

Venkatramanan Senapathi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Sea Water ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Rock Water Interaction ◽

Groundwater Samples

Abstract This study focused on hydrogeochemical characterisation and groundwater quality deterioration based on drinking, irrigation purposes in Pudukottai district. Eighty-seven groundwater samples were collected from the bore and dug wells during pre and post monsoon seasons in the year 2019. The order of mean abundance of ions is followed as C l > HCO3 > Na > SO4 > Mg > Ca > K (325.5 > 182.2 > 181.4 > 83.2 > 51.1 > 35.8> 9.1 > 8.6 > o.9 > 0.3) and Cl > Na > HCO3 > SO4 > Mg > Ca > K (415.7 > 230.3 > 198.2 > 82.9 > 53.8 > 43.4 > 14.9) in both seasons. Analytical results are used in Piper, Gibbs, Na% vs. EC, USSL, and PI to evaluate the hydrogeochemical processes. Rock water interaction and evaporation processes causing variations in hydrogeochemistry of the study area during pre and postmonsoon. Nearly 15 % of the groundwater samples were not permissible for drinking based on the standard, which is distributed in south eastern region of the study area. It is revealed from Na%, SAR, RSC, MgC and KR results that majority of the groundwater samples are fit for irrigation uses. The higher concentration of EC, TDS, Cl and Na values noted in south region due to the sea water intrusion that attributed by excess pumping in the coastal regions. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) and irrigation water quality index (IRWQI) are calculated to identify the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes. However, this research concludes that the groundwater quality of maximum part in the district is appropriate for drinking as well as agriculture which can be used for the sustainable growth. It is also recommended implementing the artificial recharge techniques to improve the groundwater quality.

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Assessment of ground water quality of lahar block, Bhind district in Madhya Pradesh

International Journal of Advanced Geosciences ◽

10.14419/ijag.v3i2.4949 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shashi Kant ◽

Y.V. Singh ◽

Lokesh Kumar Jat ◽

R. Meena ◽

S.N. Singh

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

Ground Water ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Madhya Pradesh ◽

Irrigation Water Quality ◽

Irrigation Water Quality Index

In sustainable groundwater study, it is necessary to assess the quality of groundwater in terms of irrigation purposes. The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality through Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) in hard-rock aquifer system and sustainable water use in Lahar block, Bhind of district, Madhya Pradesh, India. The quality of ground water in major part of the study area is generally good. In order to understand the shallow groundwater quality, the water samples were collected from 40 tube wells irrigation water. The primary physical and chemical parameters like potential Hydrogen (pH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (HCO3-), carbonate (CO32-), chloride (Cl-), and nitrate (NO3-) were analyzed for (irrigation water quality index ) IWQI. The secondary parameters of irrigation groundwater quality indices such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Soluble Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI), and Kellies Ratio (KR) were also derived from the primary parameter for irrigation water quality index (IWQI). The IWQI was classified into excellent to unfit condition of groundwater quality based on their Water Quality Index (WQI). The IWQI (82.5%+15.0%) indicate that slightly unsustainable to good quality of ground water. Due to this quality deterioration of shallow aquifer, an immediate attestation requires for sustainable development.

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ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR TANAH AKIBAT PENGARUH SUNGAI KLAMPOK YANG TERCEMAR LIMBAH INDUSTRI DI KECAMATAN BERGAS SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH (Analysis of Groundwater Quality Due to Effect Klampok River that was Contaminated Industrial Waste in Bergas Semarang Central Java)

Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan ◽

10.22146/jml.39962 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Sepridawati Siregar ◽

Desi Kiswiranti

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Groundwater Quality ◽

River Water ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

The Body ◽

Water Sampling ◽

Central Java ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Quality Testing

AbstrakSungai Klampok mengalir melalui Kecamatan Bergas dan sekelilingnya terdapat beberapa industri sehingga mengakibatkan sungai tersebut tercemar karena menjadi badan penerima air limbah. Akibat penurunan kualitas air Sungai Klampok akan berimbas pada penurunan kualitas air tanah yang digunakan oleh penduduk sekitar sungai tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air tanah yang berada di sekitar Sungai Klampok sebagai akibat adanya pengaruh beban pencemaran oleh air limbah industri berdasarkan Permenkes No. 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang persyaratan kualitas air bersih. Lokasi pengambilan sampel air sungai dibagi menjadi 3 stasiun (LK1, LK2 dan LK3) sedangkan untuk sampel airtanah dari rumah-rumah penduduk dilakukan pada 6 titik yaitu 3 titik di daerah utara dari Sungai Klampok (U1,U2, U3) dan 3 titik di daerah selatan dari Sungai Klampok (S1,S2, S3). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada musim kemarau. Dari hasil uji kualitas air sungai, pencemaran yang terjadi pada air sungai Klampok masuk dalam kategori tercemar ringan-sedang. Sedangkan hasil uji kualitas air tanah masih berada di bawah baku mutu yang disyaratkan oleh Permenkes No. 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990, sehingga penurunan kualitas air sungai Klampok tidak mempengaruhi kualitas air tanah di sekitar sungai tersebut. AbstractThe Klampok River flows through the Bergas Subdistrict and there are a number of industries around it, causing the river to become polluted because it becomes the body of the recipient of wastewater. As a result of the decline in the quality of the water in the Klampok River, it will impact on the quality of groundwater used by residents around the river. This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater around the Klampok River as a result of the influence of pollution load by industrial wastewater based on Permenkes No. 416 / MENKES / PER / IX / 1990 concerning requirements for clean water quality. The location of river water sampling is divided into 3 stations (LK1, LK2, and LK3) while for groundwater samples from residential houses is carried out at 6 points, namely 3 points in the northern area of Klampok River (U1, U2, U3) and 3 points in the area south of the Klampok River (S1, S2, S3). Sampling is done in the dry season. From the results of the test of river water quality, pollution that occurs in Klampok river water is categorized as mild-moderate polluted. While the results of groundwater quality testing are still below the quality standards required by Permenkes No. 416 / MENKES / PER / IX / 1990 so that the decline in the water quality of the Klampok river does not affect the quality of groundwater around the river.

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Evaluation of Water Quality of Hemren Lake

Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences ◽

10.24237/djes.2013.06205 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 57-76

Author(s):

SAAD SH. SAMMEN

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Lake Ecosystem ◽

Index Method ◽

Weighted Arithmetic ◽

Canadian Council ◽

Calcium Magnesium

In this study Water Quality Index (WQI) was applied in Hemren Lake, Diyala province, Iraq using ten water quality parameters (pH, Electrical Conductivity, Hardness, Total Dissolve Soluble, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Chloride, Phosphate) from 2008 to 2010 to evaluate the suitability of Hemren Lake ecosystem for drinking and irrigation uses. The Weighted Arithmetic Index method (WAM) and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index methodology (The CWQI 1.0 model) were used to calculate the water quality index (W.Q.I). The results indicated that drinking water quality of Hemren Lake is good and marginal for the study period according to (WAM) and (CCME) respectively, while the irrigation water quality is good and according to (WAM) and (CCME). It is suggested that monitoring of the lake is necessary for proper management. Application of the WQI is also suggested as a very helpful tool that enables the public and decision makers to evaluate water quality of lakes in Iraq.

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Groundwater quality assessment of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo Talukas of District Qambar Shahdadkot, Sindh

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-019-1098-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani ◽

Muhammad Yar Khuhawar ◽

Taj Muhammad Jahangir Khuhawar

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Principal Component ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

World Health ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

High Concentration ◽

Permissible Limits ◽

Groundwater Samples ◽

Health Organization

AbstractThe study examines the water quality of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo talukas of Qambar Shahdadkot District, less affected by industrial contamination. A total of 38 groundwater samples were collected and analysed for 28 parameters. The results indicated that 57.89% samples were not suitable for drinking purpose with total dissolved solids above than maximum permissible limit of World Health Organization (WHO) (1000 mg/L). The pH, total phosphate, orthophosphate and nitrite were within WHO limits. The concentration of essential metals more than half samples, fluoride in 60.52% and heavy metals 0–50% were contaminated higher than permissible limits of WHO. The statistical analysis of water quality parameters was also carried out to evaluate coefficient of determination among the parameters, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Water quality determined for irrigation based on Kelly index (KI), sodium percentage (Na%), chloride–sulphate ratio, sodium adsorption ratio, permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices 1 (CAI-1), residual sodium carbonate and chloride bicarbonate ratio indicated that samples (55 to 100%) could be used for irrigation purposes. The consumption of water with high concentration of salts and fluoride above the permissible limits may be a cause of a number of diseases in the area.

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