The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

scholarly journals Andrei Cușco, Între „orientalism” şi obiectivitate: etnografia rusă şi Basarabia în a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea / Between “Orientalism” and Objectivity: Russian Ethnography and Bessarabia during the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Objective Knowledge ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discusses the interaction between the discourses of empire and nation as it emerged in the debates about the proper object of research and the criteria for legitimacy of the newly founded discipline of ethnography in the Russian Empire in the last decades of the 18th and throughout the 19th century. A special emphasis will be laid upon the particular features of the appearance and evolution of ethnographic preoccupations in the Russian Empire starting with the second half of the 18th century, when the first attempts at the synthesis and classification of ethnographic enquiries can be discerned, and spanning the first half of the 19th century. In this context, the case of Bessarabia represents an illustrative example of the uneasy interaction between the specialized and supposedly “objective” knowledge of learned experts and the agendas of the central and local authorities and officials. My basic goal has been to uncover the relationship between the “imperial” and the “universalistic” dimensions of Russian ethnography.

scholarly journals Marriage and Family Relations in Ryabinov’s Denomination in the First Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Artem Krestyaninov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Ceremonial Life ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Ryabinov’s denomination in historiography is a poorly studied Old Believers’ movement. It was spread in Kazan, Orenburg and Perm provinces of the Russian Empire. The only full-fledged article dedicated to their ritual life was written in the 19th century by professor of the Kazan Theological Academy N.I. Ivanovsky. Archival investigative cases about the Ryabinovites testify to their variety of religious life in the 1830s and 1850s. During the reign of Nicholas I, the authorities sought to strengthen disciplinary control over the Orthodox parish and to identify the “formal” Orthodox, who actually belonged to other religious communities. These measures would lead to a crisis in the relationship between the secular and spiritual authorities and Old Believers’ communities and to the heyday of investigative cases related to the apostasy of Orthodox parishioners split. Under these conditions, there is a confessionalization of the Old Believers’ denomination among the Rabinovites, aimed at separating their own community from the rest of the Orthodox parishioners and representatives of other Old Believers’ consent. Before the reign of Nicholas I, the Ryabinovites, like a number of other representatives of Old Believers’ denominations, were baptized and married in Orthodox parish churches. Thus, the authorities regarded them as “official” Orthodox. In the process of investigation, the ceremonial life of the Ryabinovites, in particular baptism and marriage, began to change dramatically. The work will show how Ryabinovites, abandoning any contact with the Orthodox Church, began to more actively perform their own rites of baptism and marriage.

scholarly journals INCLUSION OF GEORGIA INTO THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND PRESERVATION OF LOCAL LEGISLATION

ASJ. ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (56) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
M. Meskhishvili-Pruidze
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Large Period ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The topic of Georgia's inclusion in the Russian Empire is especially relevant, since the relationship between two historical neighbors today it is tense and it is necessary to especially carefully study the historical vicissitudes in order to realize the prospect of their future development. The article concerns the civil code of Russia and Georgia, the adaptation of the Georgian code of laws and the Code of King Vakhtang with all-Russian legislation. The authors consider a large period and cover the relationship between Russia and Georgia during the reign of Peter the First, Catherine the Second, Paul the First, Alexander the First and Alexander the Second. The authors analyze the process of systematization of the all-Russian legislation of 1826-1832 and the adoption of the Civil Code, which prompted local and central administrations to unify private and general imperial law. The authors investigate the use of Georgian civil law in private law relations in the Caucasus in the 19th century.

Reasons for the Onset of the Uniat Clergy’s Movement Towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the Beginning of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 293-317
Author(s):  
Protopriest Alexander Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Latin Church ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Church Service ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article studies the system of pre-conditions that caused the onset of the uniat clergy’s movement towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the beginning of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the tendency of the uniat clergy going back to Orthodoxy was the result of certain historic conditions, such as: 1) constant changes in the government policy during the reign of Emperor Pavel I and Emperor Alexander I; 2) increasing latinization of the uniat church service after 1797 and Latin proselytism that were the result of the distrust of the uniats on the part of Roman curia and representatives of Polish Catholic Church of Latin church service; 3) ecclesiastical contradictions made at the Brest Church Union conclusion; 4) division of the uniat clergy into discordant groups and the increase of their opposition to each other on the issue of latinization in the first decades of the 19th century. The combination of those conditions was a unique phenomenon that never repeated itself anywhere.

Relations between the Russian Empire and the Orthodox Church of the East as Exemplified in the Collection of Greek Engravings of The Church Archaeological Museum at the Moscow Theological Academy

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Анна Леонидовна Краснова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Of The East ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

В XVIII в. на основании общего интереса к святыням Востока, а также единой тенденции для крупных монастырей изготавливать гравюры на память для паломников, многие греческие гравюры свидетели русско-афонских отношений попадают на территорию Российской Империи. Сохранились такие гравюры и в Церковноархеологического кабинете Московской духовной академии, собрание которых насчитывает 29 эстампов. Пять гравюр из этого собрания имеют надписи на греческом и на славянском языке. Надписи свидетельствуют о месте и времени создания гравюры, о граверах и заказчиках, являются источниками кратких исторических сведений. В статье приведены выявленные дополнительные факты об этих гравюрах, которые свидетельствуют о наличии церковных, экономических и политических отношений на базе культурных связей между Российской Империей и странами православного Востока. The Russ has always been supporting the relationship with the Orthodox Church of the East. As a result of these connections, we have a lot of icons and other gifts from The Mount Athos, The Saint Catherine’s Monastery and others holy places. There are five Greek engravings in the collection of The Museum of Church Archaeology at the Moscow Theological Academy, which have inscriptions in Greek and Slavic. These engravings were to be spread in Slavic countries. They are dated from the 17th to the 19th century. Some of them were made in Moscow. The images and the inscriptions of the engravings are the subject of a research presented in this article.

scholarly journals The regional policy of the Russian Empire in the first half of the 19th century: The Kingdom of Poland (1815–1830)

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-105
Author(s):  
Boris V. Nosov ◽  
Lyudmila P. Marney
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the problems of the regional policy of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 19th century discussed in the latest Russian historiography, to the peculiarities of the state-legal status and administrative practice of the Kingdom of Poland. It was the time when basic principles and a special structure of management at the outlying regions of the empire were developed, and when special (historical, national, and cultural) regions were formed on the periphery of the Empire. The policy of the Russian government in relation to the Kingdom of Poland depended both on the fundamental trends in the international relations in Central and Eastern Europe (as reflected in international treaties), as well as on the internal political development of the empire, and the peculiarities of political, legal, social, economic, cultural processes in the Kingdom and on Polish lands in Austria and Prussia. All these aspects have an impact on the debate that historians and legal experts are conducting on the state and legal status of parts of the lands of the former Principality of Warsaw that were included in the Russian Empire in 1815 by the decision of the Congress of Vienna. The fundamental political principles of the Russian Empire in the Kingdom of Poland in the first half of the 19th century were a combination of autocracy (with individual elements of enlightened absolutism), based on centralized bureaucratic control, and relatively decentralized political, administrative and estate structures, which assumed the presence of local self-government.

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