Preventable trauma death rate in Daegu, South Korea

Although South Korea is a high-income country, its trauma system is comparable to low- and middle-income countries with high preventable trauma death rates of more than 30%. Since 2012, South Korea has established a national trauma system based on the implementation of regional trauma centers and improvement of the transfer system; this study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness. We compared the national preventable trauma death rates, transfer patterns, and outcomes between 2015 and 2017. The review of preventable trauma deaths was conducted by multiple panels, and a severity-adjusted logistic regression model was created to identify factors influencing the preventable trauma death rate. We also compared the number of trauma patients transferred to emergency medical institutions and mortality in models adjusted with injury severity scores. The preventable trauma death rate decreased from 2015 to 2017 (30.5% vs. 19.9%, p < 0.001). In the severity-adjusted model, the preventable trauma death risk had a lower odds ratio (0.68, 95% confidence interval: 0.53–0.87, p = 0.002) in 2017 than in 2015. Regional trauma centers received 1.6 times more severe cases in 2017 (according to the International Classification of Diseases Injury Severity Score [ICISS]; 23.1% vs. 36.5%). In the extended ICISS model, the overall trauma mortality decreased significantly from 2.1% (1008/47 806) to 1.9% (1062/55 057) (p = 0.041). The establishment of the national trauma system was associated with significant improvements in the performance and outcomes of trauma care. This was mainly because of the implementation of regional trauma centers and because more severe patients were transferred to regional trauma centers. This study might be a good model for low- and middle-income countries, which lack a trauma system.

Download Full-text

PARK Index for Preventable Major Trauma Death Rate

Journal of Trauma and Injury ◽

10.20408/jti.2015.28.3.115 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chan Yong Park ◽

Byungchul Yu ◽

Ho Hyun Kim ◽

Jung Joo Hwang ◽

Jungnam Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Death Rate ◽

Major Trauma ◽

Trauma Death

Download Full-text

Corona Virus (COVID19) Risk Groups: Scrutinizing the Death Cases Reported in South Korea

Frontiers in Health Informatics ◽

10.30699/fhi.v9i1.232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Sangwoo Jeon

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

South Korea ◽

Death Rate ◽

Information Service ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Underlying Condition ◽

Risk Levels ◽

Death Cases

Introduction: The outbreak of COVID19 has led to a global health and economic crisis. Although no approved treatment exists to date, vaccine prototypes, antiviral medication, preventive measures, and treatment strategies are studied by scientists and pharmaceutical companies worldwide. The objective of this paper is to examine the COVID19 death cases in South Korea in order to identify the distinct features of the deceased, such as sex, age, underlying medical conditions, which can be targeted when searching for a COVID19 treatment strategy. Material and Methods: Data regarding sex, age, and underlying conditions of the deceased and current cases was obtained from South Korea’s Centers for Disease Control and the Korean Statistical Information Service (data retrieved on May 21, 2020). The data were examined to identify any trends between the parameters using direct statistical analysis. Personal variables of COVID19 patients were studied, such as their sex, age, and preexisting health conditions. The data were analyzed in terms of possible factors leading to COVID19 complications and resulting in patients' deaths.Results: As of May 21, 2020, 11142 confirmed cases and 264 deaths were reported in South Korea. Sex has not had an impact on the death rate, but it directly correlates with age. No deaths were reported for cases of individuals under 30 years old, and only five deaths were reported between the ages of 30 and 50. Additionally, 98.5 % of victims suffered from an underlying condition. The primary underlying condition in deceased cases was related to circulatory system disorders. The results of the statistical analysis were further used to devise a classification of COVID19 risk factors. It consists of three categories ranging from low to high-risk levels. Conclusion: Treatment targeted at patients over 60 years old and with circulatory system disorders can reduce the death rate of COVID19 infected patients in South Korea.

Download Full-text

National Trauma System Establishment Based on Implementation of Regional Trauma Centers Improves Outcomes of Trauma Care; A Follow-up Observational Study in South Korea

10.21203/rs.3.rs-372078/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kyoungwon Jung ◽

Junsik Kwon ◽

Yo Huh ◽

Jonghwan Moon ◽

Kyungjin Hwang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trauma Care ◽

Death Rate ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Trauma System ◽

Trauma Centers ◽

Middle Income ◽

Death Rates ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

National Trauma ◽

Trauma Death

Abstract Background: Although Korea is a high-income country, its trauma system is comparable to low- and middle-income countries with high preventable trauma death rates (> 30%). Since 2012, Korea has established a national trauma system based on the implementation of regional trauma centers and improvement of the transfer system; this study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods: We compared the national preventable trauma death rates, transfer patterns, and outcomes between 2015 and 2017. The review of preventable trauma deaths was conducted by multiple panels and a severity-adjusted logistic regression model was created to identify factors influencing the preventable trauma death rate. We also compared the number of trauma patients transferred to emergency medical institutions and mortality in models adjusted with injury severity scores.Results: The preventable trauma death rate decreased from 2015 to 2017 (30.5% vs. 19.9%, p < 0.001). In the severity-adjusted model, the preventable trauma death risk had a lower odds ratio (0.68, 95% confidence interval: 0.53–0.87, p = 0.002) in 2017 than in 2015. Regional trauma centers received 1.6 times more severe cases in 2017 (according to the International Classification of Diseases Injury Severity Score [ICISS]; 23.1% vs. 36.5%). In the extended ICISS model, the overall trauma mortality decreased significantly from 2.1% (1008/47806) to 1.9% (1062/55057) (p = 0.041).Conclusions: Establishment of the national trauma system was associated with significant improvements in performance and outcomes of trauma care. This was mainly because of the implementation of regional trauma centers and because more severe patients were transferred to regional trauma centers. This study might be a good model for low- and middle-income countries, which lack a trauma system.

Download Full-text

Population-Level Death Rates From Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in South Korea

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539521993670 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101053952199367

Author(s):

Samir Soneji ◽

Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez ◽

JaeWon Yang ◽

Caroline Mann

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Death Rate ◽

Reduction Method ◽

Population Level ◽

Bias Reduction ◽

The Novel ◽

Death Rates ◽

Mortality Burden ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Novel Coronavirus

South Korea was among the first countries to report a case of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). As of August 14, 2020, South Korea reported 14 873 confirmed cases and 305 deaths from COVID-19. We collected the number of laboratory-confirmed cases and deaths by age from the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We estimated population-level death rates by fitting a logistic regression model using Firth’s bias reduction method. We calculated the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) varying the COVID-19 prevalence and level of death undercount. Estimated population-level death rates of COVID-19 (deaths per 100 000 person-years) increased with age: 0.1 among 30 to 39 year olds, 1.1 among 60 to 69 year olds, and 14.5 among ≥80 year olds. The ASDR (deaths per 100 000 person-years) was 0.9 based on the current deaths and population-level prevalence of 0.03%. If the prevalence increased to 0.6% and 30% of COVID-19 deaths had not been reported, the ASDR would further increase to 13.7 to become the seventh leading cause of death. Currently, the population-level mortality burden of COVID-19 in South Korea, as measured by the ASDR, was relatively low compared with other causes but could increase substantially if the prevalence increases from another outbreak or COVID-19 deaths were undercounted.

Download Full-text

Systematic Preventable Trauma Death Rate Survey to Establish the Region-based Inclusive Trauma System in a Representative Province of Korea

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e417 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (50) ◽

Author(s):

Junsik Kwon ◽

Jin-Hee Lee ◽

Kyungjin Hwang ◽

Yunjung Heo ◽

Hang Joo Cho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Death Rate ◽

Trauma System ◽

Trauma Death

Download Full-text

Effects of Environmental Factors on Death Rate of Pigs in South Korea

Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University ◽

10.5109/22065 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 155-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seung-Joo Lee ◽

Taek-Kuen Oh ◽

Suk Kim ◽

Won-Gi Min ◽

Winson-Montanez Gutierrez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

South Korea ◽

Death Rate

Download Full-text

A Method to Identify the Missing COVID-19 Cases in the U.S. and Results for mid-April 2020

10.1101/2020.04.28.20083782 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Theodore R. Breton

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

South Korea ◽

York City ◽

Death Rate ◽

New York State ◽

Death Rates ◽

York State ◽

Logarithmic Relationship ◽

The U.S

AbstractI use the COVID-19 death rate in South Korea and a method relating the ratio of death rates in a U.S. state to its share of cumulative positive tests to estimate the total cases of COVID-19 in the U.S. and to estimate the extent of infection and the unidentified share of the infected population in each of the lower-48 states and in New York City in mid-April, 2020. I identify a logarithmic relationship between the cumulative death rate in a state and its cumulative positive share of tests. Using this relationship, I find that 4.3-5.4 million people, 1.4-1.7% of the U.S. population, were infected, with rates of infection that ranged from 0.1% in more rural states to 8-10% in New York state and 11-13% in New York City. Only 16-20% of these infected individuals were identified later through testing.

Download Full-text