scholarly journals Profile of smokers and the role of dentists in tobacco use cessation: a cross-sectional study in southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Sílvia Ataide Pithan ◽  
Carolina Dummel ◽  
Ângela Isabel Dos Santos Dullius
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tobacco Use Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of smokers in a dental school in southern Brazil and their views about the role of dentists in tobacco use cessation.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with patients of a dental school, who answered a face-to-face interview. Smokers also took the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi Square test with a significance level of 5%.RESULTS: The sample consisted of 442 patients, and 93 patients (21.04%) were smokers. The lower the level of schooling the higher the frequency of smokers (p=0.026), and the frequency of nonsmokers was associated with higher income (p=0.021). Regarding the role of dentists in smoking cessation, 97.8% of smokers believe that the dentist should provide information and advice, but 36.6% did not receive any orientation from dentists.CONCLUSION: The study had found a higher frequency of smokers among men and an association between smoking and schooling as well as smoking and income. The majority of smokers would like to quit smoking and had tried at least once to stop. The sample believes that dentists should give information and advice about smoking cessation.

Knowledge and attitude about tobacco use among school personnel in Bangalore South-a Cross Sectional Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Dr. Padma K Bhat ◽  
Dr. Sushma S G ◽  
Dr. Jayachandra M Y
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government

Background: Tobacco use is so addictive among youth and is one of the global epidemics which require constant monitoring and timely appropriate action to prevent usage. School personnel play one of the main roles in taking appropriate action. Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude of tobacco use pattern among school personnel in Bangalore city. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months from May to October 2017. Stratified cluster sampling was done to include the government and English medium schools in Bangalore south. All the school personnel in the selected schools were eligible to participate. The data collection tool was GSPS questionnaire (WHO FCTC Tobacco Control). Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test was used to demonstrate cross tabulation with confidence intervals. Significance level of 0.05 was considered for statistical analyses Results : Majority of both Kannada and English medium school personnel did not use any forms of tobacco. Both the English and Kannada medium school personnel were aware of the addictive effect of tobacco, but majority of the Kannada medium personnel said second hand smoke is not harmful as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Tobacco use among school personnel was low. Most of the school personnel were informed about the addictive nature of tobacco.

scholarly journals An Analysis on Failure Reasons of Quit Smoking Among Smokers in Beijing Communities----based on a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianying Jin ◽  
Xingming Li ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
Hanqiao Ma ◽  
Kun Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Probability Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking

Abstract Objective To understand the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among community smokers in Beijing, and analyze the influencing factors of the reasons for failure to quit, in order to provide a reference for providing smoking cessation guidance services. Method Based on a cross-sectional study, a one-to-one questionnaire was used. The survey included basic demographic information, tobacco use, and past attempts to quit. And descriptive analysis was used to analyze the distribution of the reasons for the failure of smoking cessation. c2 test or Fisher's exact probability method were used to analyze the causes of smoking cessation failure, demographic indicators, tobacco use and other factors. Correspondence analysis was used to further explore the relationship between each factor and the reasons for smoking cessation failure. Result A total of 442 smokers who had tried to quit smoking were investigated. The top three reasons for failure to quit were difficulty in controlling addiction, insufficient self-willingness (54.3%), the effects of other smokers(35.3%), and lack of smoke-free support environment(26.0%). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among different ages, occupations, and discomforts during smoking cessation(All P<0.05). Correspondence analysis results show that the reasons for failure of smoking cessation among smokers aged 19-30 are mainly work or study stress. There are differences in the reasons why smokers in different occupations fail to quit smoking; The influence of other smokers and the lack of a smoke-free support environment are closely related to the desire to quit during the process of quitting. Conclusion Work or study pressure, the influence of other smokers and the lack of smoke-free support environment are the main reasons for the failure of smoking cessation attempts. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen education in different occupational places and implement personalized smoking cessation education. It is recommended to provide tips on coping with smoking cessation and alleviating peer pressure in social situations, as well as help for stress coping and negative emotion relief in smoking cessation guidance. At the same time, it is essential to strengthen the shaping of a smoke-free support environment.

scholarly journals The Predicting Role of the Safety Climate in the Professional Behavior of Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Bagherzadeh ◽  
Yasmin Salemipoor ◽  
Fatemeh Hajinejad ◽  
Fatemeh Heidari ◽  
Hakimeh Vahedparast
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Professional Behavior ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Background: Safety climate which is a subset of organizational climate in the field of safety mirrors the attitude of people in care centers towards safety. In addition to being in connection with diverse parts of the organization’s function, safety climate can also affect the nurse’s performance. Aim: The present study aimed at determining the predicting role of the safety climate in the professional behavior of nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this cross sectional study, which is of descriptive analytical type, 595 expert nurses currently working with more than 6 months of working experience in the medical wards of hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences entered the study. Data was gathered from the viewpoint of the nurse and professional behavior through a demographic information form and two safety climate questionnaires. Then the data were analyzed by V.19 SPSS which is statistical software. The data analysis was conducted using univariate regression and multivariate linear regression at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Among the diverse domains of the safety climate, the field of nursing education (P= 0.027, ß=0.104), communicating with other nurses (P= 0.027, ß=0.101) and error reporting (P= <0.001, ß= 0.191) were the direct prediction of professional nursing behavior. Also, apart from safety climate, satisfaction of the nursing job had a direct, statistic and significant relationship with professional behavior (P= <0.001, ß= 0.142). Conclusion: Attempts to create a ward, in which the nurses receive the necessary education in an appropriate time and ameliorate their expertise, as well as a climate in which nurses have such a good relationship with their collages that they can easily talk about the possible mistakes and errors, can upgrade nurse’s professional behavior.

Tobacco Use, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Perception About Smoking Cessation Counseling Among Brazilian Dental Students: a Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto César Leal da Silva Leonel ◽  
Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan ◽  
Jurema Freire Lisboa de Castro ◽  
Andréa dos Anjos Pontual ◽  
Flávia Maria de Moraes Ramos-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Role of Sildenafil in the Treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn (PPHN) - Should it Be Withdrawn from Market of Bangladesh due to Threat of being Misuses

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Maksudur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
MAK Azad Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Sayeed Munsi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Hospital Protocol

Background: Recently it has been apprehended that sildenafil, a drug which has been successfully using in the treatment of PPHN and erectile dysfunction in adult, is going to be withdrawn from the market of Bangladesh due to threat of its misuses. Objective: The aim of this study was to see the extent of uses of sildenafil in the treatment of PPHN and importance of availability of this drugs in the market inspite of its probable misuses. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), special baby care unit (SCABU) and cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from June, 2017 to May 2018. Neonates with PPHN were enrolled in the study. All cases were treated with oral sildenefil for PPHN along with others management according to hospital protocol. Data along with other parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: Total 320 patients with suspected PPHN were admitted during the study period. Among them 92 (29%) cases had PPHN. Male were 49(53 %) cases and female were 43(47%) cases. Mean age at hospital admission was 29.7±13.4 hours. Based on echocardiography,13(14%) cases had mild, 38 (41%) cases moderate and 41(45%) cases severe PPHN. Mean duration of sildenafil therapy was 11.9±7.1 days. Improved from PPHN were 83 (90%) cases. Mortality was 10% (9). Conclusion: In this study it was found that the incidence of PPHN is 29% among the suspected newborns. Sildenafil is successfull in improving the oxygenation of PPHN and to decrease the mortality of neonates. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 100-104

Role of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Empyema Thoracis – A Hospital Based one year Cross Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Dr. Girish.L Dandagi ◽  
◽  
Venkat kalyana kumar. P ◽  
Dr. Dr.Isaac Mathew ◽  
Dr. Dr.G S Gaude Dr. Dr.G S Gaude
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Empyema Thoracis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Barello ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Lorenzo Palamenghi ◽  
Tiziana Nania ◽  
Federica Dellafiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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