scholarly journals Supplementation disrupts the circannual rhythm of vitamin D: A retrospective analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Özgür Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: MPV and PDW are vascular complications markers and improved glycemic control levels are correlated those indicators in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of in this study, MPV and PDW levels were compared type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral antihyperglycemic agent and insulin. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on type 2 DM patients who were admitted to Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital. 118 randomly selected patients were divided into 3 groups that were non-diabetic (Group 1), who received OAD therapy (Group 2), and those who received insulin therapy (Group 3). HbA1c, MPV, PDW levels were collected, analyzed and compared with each other. Results: MPV and PDW values were increased in type 2 DM patients compared to the control group (Group 2; p <0.001 and Group 3 p <0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between MPV and PDW values in patients treated OAD and insulin therapy (p=0.736 ve p=0.360 respectively). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between HbA1c values and MPV (p <0.001) and PDW (p <0.001) values. Conclusions: In our study, no significant difference was found bet-ween MPV and PDW values of patients using insulin and oad. Early initiation of conventional insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes provides good glycemic control. Rational drug use in accordance with the guidelines; gains importance in treatment success. Skipping this factor may reduce the efficiency of other efforts in relation to rational treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of MPV and PDW levels by using antihyperglycemic drugs in type 2 DM patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Hacer Dinçoğlu ◽  
İrep Eray
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: MPV and PDW are vascular complications markers and improved glycemic control levels are correlated those indicators in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of in this study, MPV and PDW levels were compared type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral antihyperglycemic agent and insulin. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on type 2 DM patients who were admitted to Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital. 118 randomly selected patients were divided into 3 groups that were non-diabetic (Group 1), who received OAD therapy (Group 2), and those who received insulin therapy (Group 3). HbA1c, MPV, PDW levels were collected, analyzed and compared with each other. Results: MPV and PDW values were increased in type 2 DM patients compared to the control group (Group 2; p <0.001 and Group 3 p <0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between MPV and PDW values in patients treated OAD and insulin therapy (p=0.736 ve p=0.360 respectively). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between HbA1c values and MPV (p <0.001) and PDW (p <0.001) values. Conclusions: In our study, no significant difference was found between MPV and PDW values of patients using insulin and oad. Early initiation of conventional insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes provides good glycemic control. Rational drug use in accordance with the guidelines; gains importance in treatment success. Skipping this factor may reduce the efficiency of other efforts in relation to rational treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship between homocysteine and non-dipper pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdal Korkmaz ◽  
Abdulkerim Yilmaz ◽  
Gürsel Yildiz ◽  
Fatih Kiliçli ◽  
Serhat Içağasioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Nocturnal Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: The rate of reduction of nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) is lesser than normal in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) disrupts vascular structure and function, no matter the underlying causes. The risk of development of vascular disease is greater in diabetic patients with hyperhomocysteinemia than in patients with normal homocystein levels. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are differences of homocystein levels in dipper and non-dippers patients with type 2 DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We compared 50 patients (33 females, 17 males) with type 2 DM and 35 healthy individuals (18 females, 17 males ) in a control group. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed and homocysteine levels were measured in all patients. RESULTS: We found that the percentage of non-dipper pattern was 72% in patients with type 2 DM and 57% in control group. In diabetic and control individuals, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper (respectively 13.4 ± 8.1 µmol/L and 11.8 ± 5 µmol/L) than in dipper subjects (respectively, 11.8 ± 5.8 µmol/L and 10.1 ± 4.2 µmol/L), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (respectively, p = 0.545, p = 0.294). CONCLUSION: In both groups, homocystein levels were higher in non-dipper than in dipper participants, but there was no significant difference between the groups. High homocystein levels and the non-dipper pattern increases cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure changes and homocystein levels should be investigated in a larger study.

scholarly journals Comparing the effect of ladies’ finger water with fenugreek seeds water on the blood glucose level among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus-a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Radhika R. ◽  
Navaneetha M. ◽  
Ravichandran K. ◽  
Hemavathi P.
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

<p><strong>Background: </strong>The primary aim of managing diabetes is to maintain blood glucose level to prevent diabetes induced complications. Studies showed that ladies finger and fenugreek seeds are blood sugar stabilizer. The objective of this randomized active controlled trial was to assess the effect of ladies finger water versus fenugreek seeds water on the blood glucose level among subject with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total of 180 study participants were selected and equally assigned to three groups by computer generated randomization. Group 1-received ladies finger water and oral antidiabetic drug (OAD); group 2-received fenugreek seeds water and OAD; group 3-received only OAD for 15 days. Pre and post intervention fasting blood sugar (FBS) was assessed by accu-chek Performa glucometer. Wilcoxon signed rank test; one-way analysis of covariance followed by post hoc test with Bon-ferroni correction was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis was done based on 168 subjects. There was a significant reduction in FBS level with the mean difference of group 1-21.0 mg/dl (p&lt;0.001), group 2-20.3 mg/dl (p&lt;0.001) and group 3-4.7 mg/dl (p=0.068). No significant difference found between group 1 and group 2 (p=1.00), but significant difference found between group 1 and group 3 (p=0.032); group 2 and group 3 (p=0.012). Both ladies finger water and fenugreek seeds water were superior in reduction of FBS than OAD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ladies finger water or fenugreek seeds water can be used as adjunct along with OAD to control type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Glycemic Control in Diabetes Type 2 Patients in Foster Families of Brod-Posavina County During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Blaženka Miškić ◽  
Vesna Čosić ◽  
Marijana Knezević Praveček ◽  
Daniel Rahelić ◽  
Blaženka Kljaić Bukvić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Significant Difference

COVID-19 pandemic has changed everyday life and medical supervision of chronically ill patients. Epidemiological measures, social distancing, and limited access to medical care impair glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Also, type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for more severe form of coronavirus disease. A large proportion of diabetic patients are placed in foster families who also adapt to the new situation. The purpose of this study was to examine the manner and frequency of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes who are placed in foster families in the region of Brod- Posavina County. We established contact with patients suffering from type 2 diabetes situated in foster families and their caregivers. Measurement of glycemia was performed several times a day with regular notes and the data were supplemented by an insight into the medical documentation of patients in the hospital information system. The study included 33 patients with type 2 diabetes. The relationship between HbA1C with fasting and postprandial glycemia was linear. There were no statistically significant differences in HbA1C regulation by type of therapy. There was a significant difference in the number of complications according to the level of HbA1C (Hi square test = 25.982, p &lt;.001). The number of complications generally increased as HbA1C regulation was poorer. During current COVID-19 pandemic, care for patients with type 2 diabetes is significantly limited. Improved medical care for patients can be achieved by establishing cooperation and daily communication between caregivers, family physicians and, if necessary, diabetologists, especially through the use of online platforms and telephone communication, all with the aim of early detection of diabetes complications and adequate treatment of patients in current conditions.

Phenylthiocarbamide Taste Perception among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C. Igbeneghu ◽  
J. M. Olisekodiaka ◽  
J. A. Onuegbu ◽  
O. H. Oyeyode
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To determine whether Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste blindness is associated with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and possible relationship between intake of treatment medications and PTC taste sensitivity. Methodology: The study participants consisted of 100 type 2 DM patients on treatment (group 1) and 100 newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients not on drugs treatment (group 2). Apparently healthy individuals (100) served as controls (group 3). Informed consent was obtained from each participant at the commencement of the study. Tasters and non-tasters were determined using phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste strips (0.0143 mg/strip). Results: In group 1, 66% were non-tasters; in group 2, 60% were non-tasters while 37% in group 3 were non-tasters. Phenylthiocarbamide taste perception varied significantly among the 3 groups studied (p < 0.001). Non-tasters of PTC in groups 1 and 2 were not significantly different (p = 0.38). Non-tasters of PTC in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001; OR 3.30 and p = 0.001; OR 2.55 respectively) were significantly higher than non-tasters in the control (group 3). Conclusion: This study shows that inability to taste PTC is associated with type 2 DM. However, intake of DM treatment medications does not appear to have any significant influence on PTC taste sensitivity.

scholarly journals Financial incentives to improve glycemic control in African American adults with type 2 diabetes: a pilot randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard E. Egede ◽  
Jennifer A. Campbell ◽  
Rebekah J. Walker ◽  
Aprill Z. Dawson ◽  
Joni S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Incentive Group ◽  
Home Testing ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Financial incentives is emerging as a viable strategy for improving clinical outcomes for adults with type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited data on optimal structure for financial incentives and whether financial incentives are effective in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. This pilot study evaluated impact of three financial incentive structures on glycemic control in this population. Methods Sixty adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized to one of three financial incentive structures: 1) single incentive (Group 1) at 3 months for Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction, 2) two-part equal incentive (Group 2) for home testing of glucose and HbA1c reduction at 3 months, and 3) three-part equal incentive (Group 3) for home testing, attendance of weekly telephone education classes and HbA1c reduction at 3 months. The primary outcome was HbA1c reduction within each group at 3 months post-randomization. Paired t-tests were used to test differences between baseline and 3-month HbA1c within each group. Results The mean age for the sample was 57.9 years and 71.9% were women. Each incentive structure led to significant reductions in HbA1c at 3 months with the greatest reduction from baseline in the group with incentives for multiple components: Group 1 mean reduction = 1.25, Group 2 mean reduction = 1.73, Group 3 mean reduction = 1.74. Conclusion Financial incentives led to significant reductions in HbA1c from baseline within each group. Incentives for multiple components led to the greatest reductions from baseline. Structured financial incentives that reward home monitoring, attendance of telephone education sessions, and lifestyle modification to lower HbA1c are viable options for glycemic control in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Trial registration Trial registration: NCT02722499. Registered 23 March 2016, url.

scholarly journals Insulin therapy is a personalized approach to glycemic management in diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Demidova ◽  
V. V. Titova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and varying degrees of insulin resistance and insulinopenia. Achieving targeted glycemic control in diabetic patients is important to reduce the risk of late complications, and many patients with type 2 diabetes ultimately require insulin therapy to maintain adequate glycemic control. Timely administration of insulin can prevent the progression of diabetes, reduce the development of complications, and have fewer side effects. Basal insulin is the preferred option in most cases when glycemic control is not achieved. However, there is considerable therapeutic inertia in clinical practice, both with respect to initiation of insulin therapy and titration of the basal insulin dose. The longer duration of action, reduced glucose variability and a lower risk of hypoglycemia seen with the latest generation of basal insulin analogs compared to the previous generation simplify titration and may increase patient compliance.

scholarly journals An evaluation of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on different oral antidiabetic medications with regard to glycemic control and diabetic complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Erhan Önalan ◽  
Nevzat Gozel ◽  
Burkay Yakar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective:  Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic and progressive disease that significantly impairs the workforce and economy due to its complications. This study aims to evaluate patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use different oral antidiabetic medications with regard to glycemic control and diabetic complications. Materials and Methods: This study included 200 patients who were being followed-up for a diagnosis of Type 2 DM. Results: Of the 200 patients included in the study, 131 were on metformin monotherapy and 69 were on metformin and gliclazide combination therapy. HbA1c value of Metformin monotherapy prescribed patients was7,6%±1,5, metformin+gliclazide prescribed patients was 8,2%±1,9. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood glucose levels (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to microvascular complications and body mass index. Conclusion: Our study determined that the level of glycemic control manifested by Type 2 DM patients was suboptimal despite using different types of oral antidiabetics and that their body mass indices were high. We reached the conclusion that the present situation is linked to factors such as incorrect dietary habits, inadequate exercise and walking, failure to comply with the medical treatment suggested by the physician, and lack of awareness about the severity of the disease.

scholarly journals The Effects of Exenatide Once Weekly (EXQW) and Exenatide Twice a Day (EXBID) on Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xinye Jin ◽  
Ping An ◽  
Songyan Yu ◽  
Yiming Mu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Antidiabetic Agents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and poor glycemic control receiving metformin (MET), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are recommended as the adjunctive therapy. However, there are only a few studies involving the comparative effects of exenatide twice a day (EXBID) and exenatide once weekly (EXQW) on HOMA-β. This meta assessed the comparative effects of EXQW and EXBID on HOMA-β among T2DM patients. Materials and Methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Network meta-analysis was performed, and network diagrams were constructed to evaluate the effects. The primary outcome is HOMA-β, and the secondary outcomes are fasting blood glycose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and weight loss. Results. A total of 8 studies with 3506 subjects were included. Compared with other antidiabetic agents, EXQW has a greater improvement in HOMA-β than EXBID (weight mean difference WMD=‐0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.64, -0.28], P=0.001). The effect of EXQW on HbA1c is superior to that of sitagliptin (SITA) (WMD=0.51, 95% CI [0.03, 0.99], P=0.037). The significant reduction of weight was detected for EXBID in comparison with EXQW (WMD=‐0.73, 95% CI [-1.13, -0.33], P=0.001), and no significant difference was found between EXQW and MET. Conclusions. EXQW shows a greater improvement in HOMA-β than EXBID. Moreover, the efficacy of EXQW on glycemic control is similar to other antidiabetic agents including EXBID. It is an advisable treatment for diabetic patients to improve HOMA-β and has an advantage of fewer number of injections compared with EXBID, to increase patients’ adherence and quality of life.

scholarly journals Study of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycemic control

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637
Author(s):  
Devamsh G. N. ◽  
Parvathi M. ◽  
Madhumathi R. ◽  
Leela Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of subclinical inflammation. Subclinical inflammation may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Raised NLR is associated with metabolic syndrome and is found to be a predictor of cardiovascular disorders. There are only few studies assessing the correlation between NLR and glycemic control. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between NLR and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: This observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Bangalore medical college. 100 patients diagnosed to have type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed. They were divided into three groups based upon HbA1c levels: Group 1, HbA1c ≤7%; group 2, HbA1c 7-9%, and group 3, HbA1c>9%. Complete blood count and other relevant investigations were performed. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. T test was used for continuous variables and chi square test for categorical variables. ANOVA test was used to compare three groups. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 100 patients, the white blood cell count (WBC count) was higher in group 3 as compared to group 1 and group 2(p 0.008). Similarly, the absolute neutrophil count was higher in group 3 as compared to group 1 and group 2(p.017). The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in group 3 as compared with group 1 and group 2(p.009). NLR had a positive correlation with HbA1c and was found to be an independent predictor of poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusConclusions: Our study found a significant positive correlation between NLR and glycemic control. Increased NLR is associated with elevated HbA1c and poor glycemic control. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with raised NLR should be evaluated for cardiovascular, renal and ocular complications of diabetes.

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