scholarly journals Effect of Polishing Systems on Fluoride Release and Surface Roughness of Different Restorative Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Soner Şişmanoğlu DDS, PhD ◽  
Burak Gümüştaş DDS, PhD ◽  
Zuhal Yıldırım-Bilmez DDS, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Polishing Process ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
One Way Anova

Secondary caries is an important factor in the replacement of the restorations, and it is thought that fluoride-releasing materials may prevent this problem. Furthermore, the fluoride release of the materials may be increased by polishing process. Available knowledge about the effect of polishing systems (PS) on the fluoride release of materials is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PS on the fluoride release of fluoride-containing materials. Restorative materials were divided into 6 groups: Fuji IX GP, Fuji II, Dyract XP, Beautifil II, Beautifil-Bulk, and Filtek Ultimate. Each group was also divided into four subgroups: Mylar strip, Sof-Lex Discs, Sof-Lex Diamond, and OneGloss. Fluoride release was determined using a fluoride ion-selective electrode. Surface roughness was evaluated with a profilometer. Two-way repeated measure and one-way ANOVA tests were used for statistical analysis. The initial rapid fluoride release was observed only in Fuji IX. The PS increased the fluoride release of Fuji IX and Fuji II and Dyract XP materials while reducing the fluoride release of resin-based materials. The highest surface roughness values were obtained with OneGloss. Further, a significant relationship between fluoride release and surface roughness was found. The polishing provides an increase in fluoride release, especially in glass-ionomer-based materials. This article revealed that there is a relationship between fluoride release and surface roughness. Proper PS must be chosen according to the material to provide the best clinical benefits in terms of fluoride release and surface roughness.

scholarly journals Effect of the polishing procedure and surface sealant application on fluoride release

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhittin Ugurlu
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Fluoride Glass ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Surface Sealant ◽  
Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of the polishing procedure and surface sealant application on the fluoride release of restorative materials. Material and Methods: The groups were consisted of using five different restorative materials were employed: Beautifil II, GCP Glass Fill, Amalgomer CR, Zirconomer and Fuji IX GP. 30 disk-shaped specimens (8x2 mm) were prepared from each material. Each group was subdivided into three groups considering finishing procedures: Mylar strip, polishing with Super-Snap discs, G-Coat Plus application after polishing with Super-Snap discs. The amount of fluoride released into distilled water was measured using a fluoride ion-selective electrode and ion analyzer after 24 hours, followed by measurement on days 3, 7, 15, 21, and 28.  Surface analysis of the materials was performed with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measure ANOVA and LSD test (p=0.05). Results: The highest amount of fluoride released was measured after the first 24 h for all materials. Beautifil II released less fluoride than other materials in all measurement periods (p<0.05). After polishing, the amount of fluoride released from all materials except Beautifil II increased (p<0.05). The application of G-Coat Plus did not impact the amount of fluoride release of any materials (p>0.05). EDS analysis showed the most percentage of oxygen in all materials. Conclusion: The polishing procedure might induce an increase in fluoride release of glass ionomer-based materials, and the application of G-Coat Plus cannot affect the amount of fluoride release.   Keywords Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy; Fluoride; Glass ionomer cement.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydroxyapatite on Surface Roughness of Zirconomer, and Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Sharafeddin ◽  
Somaye Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Dental Restorative ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Objectives: Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are among the most popular dental restorative materials, but their use is limited due to their clinical disadvantages. Many efforts have been made to improve the properties of these materials by adding various fillers. Incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) into the GICs is considered to improve the physical properties of restorations, and may prevent treatment failure. This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness (Ra) of a conventional glass ionomer cement (CGIC), a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) and a Zirconomer with and without micro-hydroxyapatite (µHA). Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 6 groups (n=10) including CGIC, CGIC + µHA, RMGI, RMGI + µHA, Zirconomer, and Zirconomer + µHA. A total of 60 disc-shaped samples (6 mm × 2 mm) were prepared in plastic molds and were stored in distilled water for 24 h. After polishing of the specimens, their Ra was measured by a profilometer in micrometers (µm). The data were analyzed using two and one-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD test, and independent t-test. Results: Incorporation of µHA resulted in statistically significant differences in Ra between the study groups (P<0.05). Following the incorporation of µHA, the Ra significantly decreased in CGIC (P=0.013) and Zirconomer (P=0.003). However, addition of µHA to RMGI resulted in a significant increase in its Ra (P<0.001). Conclusion: Addition of µHA decreased the Ra of Zirconomer and CGIC, and increased the surface roughness of RMGI samples.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength, Fluoride Release and Recharge of Giomer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Abdul Quader ◽  
M Shamsul Alam ◽  
AKM Bashar ◽  
Abdul Gafur ◽  
MA Al Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Glass Filler

Current restorative materials with high fluoride release generally have lower mechanical properties. Therefore they may not be as durable clinically as lower fluoride release materials, particularly in load bearing areas. The aim of the present study is to explore the fluoride release and recharging ability as well as its compressive strength of the newly developed material called Giomer. The name Giomer is a hybrid of the words Glass Ionomer and Composite. Giomer contain a revolutionary PRG (Pre Reacted Glass) filler technology. They have properties of both conventional Glass Ionomer (fluoride release and recharge) and resin Composite (excellent esthetics, easy polishability and biocompatibility). MATERIALS & METHODS: Seven disk specimens of Giomer, Compomer and Glass Ionomer restorative materials were prepared for measurement of fluoride release and recharge using Ion Chromatography (IC) anion analyzer machine. Another seven disk specimens of Giomer, Compomer and Composite restorative materials were prepared for measurement of compressive strength using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). RESULTS: The value of compressive strength of Giomer is greater than that of Composite and Compomer but the fluoride release capability of Giomer becomes low in comparison to Glass Ionomer but not significant in comparison to compomer. CONCLUSIONS: Giomer have high compressive strength (271 Mpa) and an initial fluoride (1.41 ppm) release. It also exhibit fluoride recharge capabilities. So, Giomer to be a better restorative material other than any fluoride releasing materials. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v2i2.15533 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2012; 2 (2): 28-37

scholarly journals Effect Fresh Milk on Surface Roughness of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Astrid Yudhit ◽  
Kholidina Imanda Harahap ◽  
Yuli Ratna Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Resin modified glass ionomer cement as restorative material used in dentistry especially in primary teeth. Fresh milk is often consumed by children as daily drink and it contains lactic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate surface roughness of resin modified glass ionomer cement after immersed in fresh milk for 2, 4, and 6 hours. Samples were disc shape resin modified glass ionomer cement with size 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness. Totally 24 samples were divided into 3 groups (n=8), group immersed for 2 hours, group immersed for 4 hours, and group immersed for 6 hours. Fresh milk was pure cow’s milk that harvest in the morning by the farmer. Surface roughness measurements was done before and after immersed using a profilometer (Surfcorder SE-300, Laboratory Ltd, Japan). Results showed surface roughness change were 0.0217 ± 0.005 μm for groups A, 0.0366 ± 0.006 μm for groups B, and 0.0555 ± 0.004μm for groups of 6 hours. One Way Anova test showed significant differences between groups (p <0.05). It can be concluded that there was significant increased on surface roughness of modified resin ionomer cement after immersed in fresh milk for 2, 4 and 6 hours.    

scholarly journals A Comparison Of Surface Roughness Values of Various Restorative Materials Immersed in Pedodontic Pre- and Probiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14389-14402
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Restorative Materials

The present in vitro study aims to evaluate pre- and probiotic liquids' effect on surface roughness values of restorative materials after one month of immersion. 360 disc-shaped samples (5mm x 2mm) were prepared from two types of glass-ionomer cements (GIC), a resin-modified GIC, a compomer, three bulk-fill composites, and one microhybrid composite. After the surfaces were polished, samples were divided into three groups (n = 15) and immersed for 10 minutes daily for one month in either a probiotic sachet, kefir (prebiotic), or artificial saliva. After that, the surface roughness values were measured by a profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations of one sample from tested materials were also added. Statistical data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni–Dunn tests. One of the GIC materials had significantly rougher surfaces in the probiotic sachet, followed by the compomer (p < 0.05). The compomer showed the roughest surfaces after immersion in kefir, followed by the microhybrid composite (Z250). Probiotic sachets formed rougher surfaces than kefir among samples. SEM images revealed the inorganic filler structures and microcracks on the surfaces. A high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement, Equia Fil Forte, and other composite-based materials tested in the present study can be used in pediatric patients who use pre- and probiotic supplements.

scholarly journals Fluoride release from conventional, resin-modified and hybrid glass ionomer cements

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Maja Ležaja Zebić ◽  
Nikola Jakovljević ◽  
Vesna Miletić
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fluoride Release ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Summary Introduction The aim of the study was to quantify and compare fluoride release from four different glass ionomer cement products (GICs). Materials and Methods Standardized disk-shaped samples (5x2mm; n=5/group) of GIC restorative materials: conventional (Fuji IX, GC Corp., Japan), resin-modified (Fuji II LC, GC) and hybrid glass ionomer cement (Equia Forte, GC) and a conventional GIC liner/base material (Alfagal, Galenika, Serbia) were tested for fluoride release up to 21 days postsetting. Each sample was immersed in 5 mL of fresh deionized water during each time interval. Universal microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250, 3M EPSE, USA) and adhesive (Adper Single Bond, 3M ESPE) were used as negative controls. Fluoride release was measured using an F-selective electrode (Cole-Parmer, USA) and an ion meter (Oakton 700, Cole-Parmer, USA). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, regression and correlation analysis at 0.05. Results The highest total fluoride release was measured from Alfagal (386±61 ppm/g), and significantly less from Equia (188±29 ppm/g), Fuji IX (143±11 ppm/g) and Fuji II LC (104±14 ppm/g) (p < 0.05). All GICs showed the highest fluoride release during the first 24 hours post-setting. After 3 days, fluoride release slowed down reaching a plateau for all materials. Regression and Pearson correlation analysis showed significant inverse relationship between fluoride release and sample mass and density (p<0.001). Conclusion Of the three GICs indicated for use as restorative materials, Equia Forte released the highest fluoride concentration. Fluoride release was material and density dependent, with higher release occurring from lower density GICs.

scholarly journals Influence of Energy Beverages on the Surface Texture of Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 937-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid H Al-Samadani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Erosive Effect ◽  
Red Bull

ABSTRACT Background and objective The objective of the study was to find whether energy beverages have an erosive effect, leading to a risk in the clinical performance of glass ionomer restorative materials. Aim This study evaluated the influence of energy beverages on the surface texture of glass ionomer restorative materials. Materials and methods Glass ionomer materials used were Ionofil Plus AC, GC EQUIA, and Ketac Molar; energy beverages are Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse. Specimens prepared were discs of 8 mm diameter and 3 mm thickness; specimens from each material were evaluated following aging with Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse energy beverages. Distilled water was used as a control. The surface roughness (Ra) was assessed by surface scanning interferometry. The surface roughness values (∆Ra and Ra) were measured for each specimen. The data were analyzed statistically using multiple repeated measures [analysis of variance (ANOVA)] and paired data t-test (p < 0.05 was considered as the significance level). Results The surface roughness (∆Ra and Ra) values before and after aging using Code Red, Red Bull, and Power Horse energy beverages differ significantly for all the materials regardless of the immersion time (p < 0.05). All the materials showed roughness changes after immersion periods of 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. Conclusion It can be concluded that all energy beverage solutions used in this study had an adverse effect on the surface roughness degradation of the tested glass ionomers with increasing immersion time. Clinical significance Energy beverages have an erosive effect on glass ionomer, which influences the clinical importance of the material; it also has anticarious property because it releases the fluoride. How to cite this article Al-Samadani KH. Influence of Energy Beverages on the Surface Texture of Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):937-942.

scholarly journals Influence on the Hardness of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements following Exposure to High and Low Fluoride Containing Toothpastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Shumaila Iqbal Moosa ◽  
Faiza Amin ◽  
Muhammad Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Microhardness Tester

ABSTRACT Objective Resin modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) are fluoride releasing restorative materials. Their recharge with sources of fluoride (like toothpastes) during their service in oral cavity is a common practice. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of fluoride containing toothpastes on hardness of RMGICs after exposure to acidic and neutral fluoride containing toothpastes. Materials and methods Sixty specimens were made from two RMGICs (Vitremer and Fuji II LC). Initially hardness was measured without exposure to source of fluoride of 20 control specimens using Vickers microhardness tester. Rest of the 40 experimental specimens were exposed to fluoridated toothpastes for 60 days twice daily for 2 minutes, then hardness of specimens was measured again using Vickers microhardness tester. Data was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA on SPSS version 16. Results RMGICs which were exposed to low fluoride neutral source had lower values of hardness than RMGICs which were exposed to high fluoride acidic source. Conclusion High fluoride containing acidic toothpaste exhibited no detrimental effect on hardness of specimens over the period of study. Specimens exposed to high fluoride containing acidic source displayed higher values of hardness than the specimens at baseline without exposure to source of fluoride. RMGICs used in our study proved to be materials which exhibit increase in hardness after exposure to protocols practiced in our research for its recharge. How to cite this article Moosa SI, Amin F, Abbas M. Influence on the Hardness of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements following Exposure to High and Low Fluoride Containing Toothpastes. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(2):67-71.

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