The impact of a massive migration flow on the regional population structure: The case of Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Golini
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Importance of Economic Security in Shaping Cultural Behaviors Influenced by Progressive Globalization Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Daniel Kucharek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
The Impact

One of the most transparent manifestations of globalization processes currently occurring is the phenomenon of economic migration. It is associated with the movement of large masses of people from poor, economically underdeveloped regions often disturbed by armed conflicts to economically developed countries with already shaped prosperity. Migration processes pose many economic, social and cultural problems that discourage the population of wealthy countries from receiving incoming migrants. This article was organized in order to firstly consider the impact of economic migration on the phenomenon of changes in the population structure and thus cultural changes that might result from it. The next stage of the conducted analysis refers to the problem of commodification of artworks created within the area of culture. An important effect of the conducted research is to draw attention to the phenomenon of blurring differences, and, as a result, the emergence of widely accepted, supranational cultural patterns. Finally, the undertaken research identifies possible opportunities and threats for sustainable development of culture on an economically diverse world.

scholarly journals Research on China's Population Structure in the New Situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Cui ◽  
Mengshuai Yin ◽  
Zerong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

To analyze the impact of the “two-child policy” on the population size and structure, first of all, the birth rate, the ratio of men and women, and the ratio of urban and rural population are used as indicators. Before and after the dispersion, then establish a PDE model, and compare it with the population predicted by the gray forecast to analyze the mitigation of the ageing of the second child policy; continue to analyze the impact of changes in the population structure on the national economy, and select the male and female ratio and the labor population The urban-rural population ratio is used as an index to establish a multiple regression equation for analysis, and a related regression equation is obtained. Finally, the future marriage problem is analyzed, considering only the difference in the number of men and women entering the marriageable period at the same time. The difference in the number of marriageable populations is analyzed through the difference in the number of men and women born at birth, focusing on a dynamic perspective.

scholarly journals Effect of unfavourable population structure on estimates of heritability, systematic effects and breeding values

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-610
Author(s):  
A. P. Kominakis
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Heritability Estimation ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Empirical estimations of heritability, systematic effects and predictions of sires’ breeding values (BVs) were obtained under various population structures for simulated populations consisted of n = 400 animals in 5 herds for a trait of medium heritability (h2 = 0.30). An infinitesimal additive genetic animal model was assumed while simulating data. Population structure was varied to allow for good and poor connectedness across herds and (non)random association between the genetic and the environmental effects. The impact of the various population structures on the parameter estimation(s) was assessed using Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Pearson’s correlations. Allowing sires to have progenies in more than one herd (good herd connectedness) and random use of sires across herds generally resulted in good parameter estimations. Poor connectedness significantly affected herd effects estimation and BV prediction but not heritability estimation as long as random usage of sires across environments was guaranteed. Selective use of the best sires in the best herds along with poor connectedness resulted in poorest estimations of all parameters examined. In the latter case, heritability was seriously underestimated (h2 = 0.06) while highest error, lowest accuracies for the BVs and a remarkable underestimation of the genetic gain were observed. Use of reference sires on a natural mating basis to create genetic links between herds has served a good solution for both heritability and BVs estimation under unfavorable structure. Mating 0.25 of the herd ewes with reference sires resulted in a heritability estimate close to the simulated one. Significantly better estimates of systematic effects and BVs were, however, obtained when 0.5 of the herd ewes were mated by reference sires.

scholarly journals Effects of logging on Virola surinamensis in an Amazonian floodplain forest

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leandro V. Ferreira ◽  
Denise A. Cunha ◽  
Pia Parolin
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Conservation Program ◽  
Priority Species ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The Impact

Virola surinamensis is a dioecious timber species of Amazonian floodplain forests. It is threatened by extinction and a priority species in the conservation program of genetic resources with high economic value for Brazil. The present study was aimed to assess the population structure of Virola surinamensis and the impact of logging in the estuary region of Brazilian Amazonia. Our data suggest that altering the dioecious population structure by logging likely creates the imbalance of male and female individuals in the population. New policies are needed to protect Virola trees with a special regard on reproductive matriarch trees.

Reply to the comment by Morales et al. on “Population genetics reveal Myotis keenii (Keen’s myotis) and Myotis evotis (long-eared myotis) to be a single species”

2021 ◽  
pp. 423-432
Author(s):  
C.L. Lausen ◽  
Michael F. Proctor ◽  
David Paetkau ◽  
David W. Nagorsen ◽  
Purnima Govindarajulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

A.E. Morales et al. (2021. Can. J. Zool. 99(5): 415–422) provided no new evidence to alter the conclusions of C.L. Lausen et al. (2019. Can. J. Zool. 97(3): 267–279). We present background information, relevant comparisons, and clarification of analyses to further strengthen our conclusions. The genesis of the original “evotis–keenii” study in British Columbia (Canada) was to differentiate Myotis keenii (Merriam, 1895) (Keen’s myotis), with one of the smallest North American bat distributions, from sympatric Myotis evotis (H. Allen, 1864) (long-eared myotis), using something other than the suggested post-mortem skull size comparison, but no differentiating trait could be found, leading to the molecular genetics examination of C.L. Lausen et al. (2019). We present cumulative data that rejects the 1979 hypothesis of M. keenii as a distinct species. A.E. Morales et al. (2021) inaccurately portray C.L. Lausen et al.’s (2019) question and results; present inaccurate morphological and outdated distribution data; overstate the impact of homoplasy without supporting evidence; and misinterpret evidence of population structure.

Does industrial collaborative agglomeration improve environmental efficiency? Insights from China's population structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhu ◽  
Wenbo Du ◽  
Juntao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
The Impact

Abstract It is the theme of today to develop green economy and improve environmental efficiency (EE). As a comprehensive index to measure energy input, economic output and environmental development, environmental efficiency (EE) is of great significance for China to realize the sustainable development of economy and environment. China is in a critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading and ecological civilization construction, the effect of the collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and productive services on environmental efficiency has drawn attention from policymakers. In this study, the stochastic frontier approach (SFA) with unpaid input is used to measure the environmental efficiency (EE) of 66 cities in eastern China during 2009–2018. Population structure is regarded as a mediator to investigate the impact of industrial collaborative agglomeration on environmental efficiency based on the spatial econometric model. The results show that industrial collaborative agglomeration has a positive impact on environmental efficiency, which can be moderated by population density, aging and quality at the same time, while the moderating effect of population urbanization is not significant. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the coordinated governance system of regional ecological environment, accelerate the construction of industrial collaborative agglomeration, and promote the sustainable development of industry and ecology with the advantage of population structure in order to improve environmental efficiency (EE).

scholarly journals Genomic Characteristics of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 1 in New Caledonia Prior to the Introduction of PCV13

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117793222096210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariem Hanachi ◽  
Anmol Kiran ◽  
Jennifer Cornick ◽  
Emna Harigua-Souiai ◽  
Dean Everett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sequence Types

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 is a common cause of global invasive pneumococcal disease. In New Caledonia, serotype 1 is the most prevalent serotype and led to two major outbreaks reported in the 2000s. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 (PCV13) was introduced into the vaccination routine, intending to prevent the expansion of serotype 1 in New Caledonia. Aiming to provide a baseline for monitoring the post-PCV13 changes, we performed a whole-genome sequence analysis on 67 serotype 1 isolates collected prior to the PCV13 introduction. To highlight the S. pneumoniae serotype 1 population structure, we performed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis revealing that NC serotype 1 consisted of 2 sequence types: ST3717 and the highly dominant ST306. Both sequence types harbored the same resistance genes to beta-lactams, macrolide, streptogramin B, fluoroquinolone, and lincosamide antibiotics. We have also identified 36 virulence genes that were ubiquitous to all the isolates. Among these virulence genes, the pneumolysin sequence presented an allelic profile associated with disease outbreaks and reduced hemolytic activity. Moreover, recombination hotspots were identified in 4 virulence genes and more notably in the cps locus ( cps2L), potentially leading to capsular switching, a major mechanism of the emergence of nonvaccine types. In summary, this study represents the first overview of the genomic characteristics of S. pneumoniae serotype 1 in New Caledonia prior to the introduction of PCV13. This preliminary description represents a baseline to assess the impact of PCV13 on serotype 1 population structure and genomic diversity.

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