scholarly journals HERITABILITY AND GENETIC ADVANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS IN WINTER FEED BARLEY VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
N. Dyulgerov ◽  
B. Dyulgerova
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Better Than

A field experiment was conducted at the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat, Southeastern Bulgaria in three growing seasons. Twenty barley varieties were laid out in a complete block design with 4 replications. Variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield-related traits and grain yield were studied. There were significant differences among varieties for all studied traits including grain yield. Heritability in broad sense ranged from 10.10% for grain yield to 94.60% for spike length. High heritability estimates and genetic advance as percent of mean was computed for spike length and 1000 grain weight. Besides, genotypic coefficient of variance and phenotypic coefficient of variance had low differences for these characters. Therefore, these traits could be easily improved by selection. Grain yields of the check varieties Veslets and Izgrev were 5.27 t/ha and 5.09 t/ha, respectively. The varieties that performed better than the checks for grain yield were PA86-49-95 (6.43 t/ha), Bojin (6.01 t/ha), and Express (5.90 t/ha). Hence, using these varieties in the breeding program of winter feed barley could lead to the improvement of grain yield.

scholarly journals THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Chowdhry ◽  
Ihsan Khaliq ◽  
Masahiko Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />

scholarly journals THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Chowdhry ◽  
Ihsan Khaliq ◽  
Masahiko Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />

scholarly journals Zinc, a micronutrient and its effect to performance of BARI gom30

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Salamun Gismy ◽  
Md. Romij Uddin ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder ◽  
Md. Shafiul Islam Rion
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

To evaluate the effect of Zinc fertilizer on performance of wheat cv. BARI gom30, an experiment was carried out at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, from November 2015 to March 2016. The experiment comprised four levels of Zinc (Zn) viz., 0, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Application of Zinc (Zn) plant height, number of total tillers/plant, number of effective tillers/plant, spike length, number of fertile spikelets/spike numbers of sterile spikelets/spike number of grains/ spike, grain yield and straw yield were found significant. But there was no significant effect of the treatment on 1000-grain weight. The highest number of total tiller/plant (4.42), number of effective tillers/plant (3.92), number of grains/spike (47.70), 1000-grain weight (47.73 g), grain yield (5.06 t/ha), straw yield (6.21 t/ha) was obtained from 2 kg Zn/ha. The highest plant height (94.08 cm), spike length (9.92 cm), number of fertile spikelets/spike (19.59) and sterile spikelets/spike (3.22) and harvest index (46.16%) were recorded at 0 kg Zn/ha respectively. The control treatment indicated the lowest value for the yield attributing characters except the number of sterile spikelets/spike. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with number of grains/spike and straw yield. It is recommended that application of 2 kg Zn/ha is the best for maximum yield of BARI gom30.   

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Assessment in Lowland Rice Cultivars of Bihar, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Nitesh Kushwaha ◽  
Ravi Kant ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Nilanjaya . ◽  
Digvijay Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Main Axis ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The present investigation for various genetic parameters was done for twenty-two lowland rice genotypes in R.C.B.D. with three replications at Rice Breeding Section, Pusa Farm, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P-value =0.01) among genotypes for all the characters. Brasali was the highest yielder suggesting that it can be used for crossing programme for improvement in yield. The phenotypic variance was higher than corresponding genotypic variances for all the characters studied. Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were highest for grain yield per plant followed by1000 grain weight, plant height, number of panicles, root volume, leaf length and days to 50 % flowering revealing that sufficient variability was present in the gene pool for these characters. Thus, there is ample scope for genetic improvement of these traits through selection. The broad sense heritability ranged from 23 % (panicle length of main axis) to 97% (1000 grain weight). High heritability was obtained for most of the characters except for panicle length of main axis and kernel width. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for days to 50% flowering, plant height, root volume, number of panicles, 1000 grain weight, leaf length and grain yield per plant. High values of GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean observed for various characters indicate that these traits can be used as selection indices for yield improvement.

scholarly journals Inluence of Different Levels of Cowdung on Mitigation of Water Deficit Effect on Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
AKMR Amin ◽  
S Reza
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The experiment was conducted in pot at the net house of the department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November, 2018 to March, 2019to find out the optimum dose(s) cowdung to mitigate the water deficit effect on wheat. The experiment comprised of two factors viz. factor A: Five levels of cowdung, i) C0= Control (No cowdung), C1= 25% less cowdung of recommended dose, C2 = Recommended dose of cowdung, C3 = 25% higher cowdung of recommended dose and C4 = 50% higher cowdung of recommended dose, and factor B:  four levels of water deficit at, i) D0 = Control (No water deficit), D1= Crown root initiation stage (20-19 DAS), D2 = Booting stage (45-54 DAS) and D3= An thesis stage (55-64 DAS). The experiment was laid out in a Factorial R and omized Complete Block Design with three replications. The test crop variety was BARI Gom28. The result reveled that cowdung level had positive impact on yield of wheat under water deficit condition, and 50% higher cowdung of recommended dose (C4) gave the highest grain yield (5.12g plant-1). The particular treatment also produced the highest number of effective tillers plant-1 (5.25), spike length (10.39 cm), spikelet spike-1 (15.72), grains spike-1 (32.56), grains spikelet-1 (2.07) and 1000-grain weight (47.32 g) of wheat. The treatment C3 (25% higher cowdung of recommended dose) also gave statistically similar yield with C4 treatment. In respect of water deficit imposition treatments, grain yield was found the highest in control treatment which was statistically similar with water deficit imposition at booting stage treatment (D2). These two treatments also showed the higher and similar number of effective tillers plant-1 (4.86 and 4.58), spike length (10.53cm and 10.11cm), spikelets spike-1(15.50 and 15.19), grains spike-1 (34.10 and 30.17), grains spikelet-1 (2.20 and 1.98) and 1000-grain weight (45.42g and 45.36g, respectively). Regarding the interaction of levels of cowdung and water deficit imposition at different stages of plant growth, C4D0 and C3D0 were highest yielder which was attributed to higher 1000-seed weight, number of effective tillers plant-1, spikelets spike-1 and grains spike-1. Contrary, 25% higher cowdung than recommended dose (as it saved 25% cowdung) seems promising to overcome yield loss due to water deficit imposition at booting stage of wheat (D2). However, application of cowdung (12.5 t ha-1) was found effective to combat water deficit at booting stage (D2) of wheat compared to other growth stages. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 93-100

scholarly journals Evaluation of F4 Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) Genotypes for Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Sohail ◽  
Hidayatur Rahman ◽  
Farhat Ullah ◽  
Syed M.A. Shah ◽  
Tanvir Burni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This research was carried out to check genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in 11 F4 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (10 F4 lines and one check) in a randomized block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2015-16. Data was/were taken on parameters such as days to heading (days), plant height (cm), flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), grain weight spike-1 (g), 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield plant-1 (g), biological yield plant-1 (g)and harvest index (%). The statistically significant difference(s) was/were detected for the investigated traits.  The high magnitude of heritability (˃0.62) was noted for all parameters except spike length (0.57) which was moderate. Low expected genetic advance was recorded for days to heading (3.90%) and spike length (8.13%), moderate expected genetic advance was observed for plant height (9.95%), grain weight spike-1 (11.54%) and 1000 grain weight (13.41%), while high expected genetic advance was noted for flag leaf area (24.72%), grain yield plant-1 (20.45%), biological yield plant-1 (23.64%) and harvest index (24%). Grain yield plant-1 was non-significantly and positively correlated with days to heading (rG = 0.19NS and rP = 0.07 NS),  plant height (rG = 0.30 NS and rP = 0.26 NS), flag leaf area (rG = 0.25 NS and rP = 0.18 NS), spike length (rG = 0.01 NS and rP = 0.07 NS), grain weight spike-1 (rG = 0.28 NS and rP = 0.22 NS) and 1000-grain weight (rG = 0.02 NS and rP = 0.07 NS) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. While significantly and positively correlated with biological yield plant-1 (rG = 0.34* and rP = 0.33*) and harvest index (rG = 0.58** and rP = 0.66**) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. High heritability showed that these traits are under genetic control and single plant selection could be started in F5 generation. The strong correlation of grain yield plant-1 with the mentioned traits showed that grain yield could be indirectly improved by improving these traits.

scholarly journals Genetic potential and heritability estimates of yield traits in F3 segregating populations of bread wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Soshma Jan ◽  
Fida Mohammad ◽  
Fahim Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment comprising of 24 wheat genotypes was undertaken during 2011-12, at New Developmental Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, to elucidate information on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, index of transmissibility and assessing the level of genetic improvement of the quantitative characters. The experimental material comprising 19 F3 populations along with their 5 parents of bread wheat were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance exhibited highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. F3 population Ghaznavi-98 x Pirsabak-05 showed maximum mean value for 1000-grain weight (47.3 g) and biological yield (11474.9 kg ha-1), whereas, maximum values for grain yield (4027.3 kg ha-1), and harvest index (48.1%) were observed for Pirsabak-05 x AUP-4006. Moreover, maximum spike length (11 cm) was recorded for cross combination Pirsabak-05 x Pirsabak-04 and Janbaz x Pirsabak-05, respectively. In addition, Pirsabak-04 showed maximum value for number of grains spike-1 (55.0). Genetic variances were of greater magnitude than environmental variances for all the traits except for spike length and 1000-grain weight. Heritability estimates were of higher magnitude ranged from 0.64 to 0.92 for harvest index, biological yield, grain yield, and grains spike-1. Moderate to low heritability (0.40-0.46) was observed for 1000-grain weight, and spike length, respectively. Genetic gain was for spike length (0.48 cm), grains spike-1 (8.57), 1000-grain weight (2.93 g), grain yield (639.87 kg ha-1), biological yield (1790.03 kg ha-1), and harvest index (5.32 %). From high values of heritability and genetic advance, it could be concluded that selection for traits like grains spike-1 suggested good selection criteria and could be effective for future breeding programs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12630 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 106-115

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient analyses of grain yield and its related components for some common winter wheat genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (31) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Gergana Desheva ◽  
◽  
Manol Deshev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The aim of the study was to determine the interrelationship and the direct and indirect effects of some yield components among themselves and with the grain yield in the 49 common winter wheat varieties originating from different countries. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of IPGR-Sadovo, Bulgaria during 2017-2019 growing seasons in the randomized block design in three replications and 10 m2 plot size. Data were recorded for a number of days to heading, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand-kernels weight and grain yield per hectar. Grain yield per ha correlated positively and significantly with plant height, spike length, grain weight per spike and thousand grain weight. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the grain weight per spike, spike length and plant height had the highest direct positive effect on the grain yield per hectar. The results of study could be useful as selection criteria to increase the grain yield in common winter bread wheat.

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

scholarly journals Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Interrelationships for Agronomic and Yield Traits of Sorghum B-Lines under Different Environments

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. M. M. Al-Naggar ◽  
R. M. Abd El-Salam ◽  
M. R. A. Hovny ◽  
Walaa Y. S. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
B Lines

Information on heritability and trait association in crops assist breeders to allocate resources necessary to effectively select for desired traits and to achieve maximum genetic gain with little time and resources. The objectives of this investigation were to determine the amount of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and strength of association of yield related traits among sorghum lines under different environments in Egypt. Six environments with 25 sorghum B-lines were at two locations in Egypt (Giza and Shandaweel) in two years and two planting dates in one location (Giza). A randomized complete block design was used in each environment with three replications. Significant variation was observed among sorghum lines for all studied traits in all environments. Across environments, grain yield/plant (GYPP) showed positive and significant correlations with number of grains/plant (r = 0.71), days to flowering (r = 0.47), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.16) and plant height (PH) (r = 0.19). In general, the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Combined across the six environments, the highest PCV and GCV was shown by PH trait (95.14 and 43.57%) followed by GYPP (36.42 and 30.78%), respectively, indicating that selection for high values of these traits of sorghum would be effective. GYPP and PH traits showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance from selection, indicating that there are good opportunities to get success in improvement of these traits via selection procedures. Results concluded that PH is good selection criterion for GYPP and therefore selection for tall sorghum plants would increase grain yield.

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