scholarly journals DIFFERENCES IN ADRENAL MORPHOLOGY IN MALE DARK AGOUTI, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY AND WISTAR RATS

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny M. Wilkinson ◽  
S. Halley ◽  
P. A. Towers
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dark Agouti ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Morphological Differences

There is little published information describing the differences in adrenal structure between strains of a single species despite quite well known functional differences. In this paper we report morphological differences in the adrenal glands between three strains of laboratory rat; Dark Agouti (DA), Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar (W). Significant differences in adrenal weights (as a percentage of body weight) were not detected between any of the groups. While there were no significant differences in the volume of medullary or zonae glomerulosa or fasciculata tissue, the volume fraction for the zona reticularis was significantly smaller in DAs compared to the other strains. The functional significance of these differences is unknown. However, it is suggested that the reduced volume of zona reticularis tissue may contribute to a reduced capacity for glucocorticoid synthesis or storage.

Morphological differences in cardiovascular anomalies induced by bis-diamine between Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Fujino ◽  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Setsuko Nishijima ◽  
Nobuhiko Okamoto ◽  
Takashi Hanato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Anomalies

scholarly journals Testing species hypotheses for Fridericia magna, an enchytraeid worm (Annelida: Clitellata) with great mitochondrial variation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svante Martinsson ◽  
Mårten Klinth ◽  
Christer Erséus
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Incipient Speciation ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Barcode Gap

Abstract Background Deep mitochondrial divergences were observed in Scandinavian populations of the terrestrial to semi-aquatic annelid Fridericia magna (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae). This raised the need for testing whether the taxon is a single species or a complex of cryptic species. Results A total of 62 specimens from 38 localities were included in the study, 44 of which were used for species delimitation. First, the 44 specimens were divided into clusters using ABGD (Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery) on two datasets, consisting of sequences of the mitochondrial markers COI and 16S. For each dataset, the worms were divided into six not completely congruent clusters. When they were combined, a maximum of seven clusters, or species hypotheses, were obtained, and the seven clusters were used as input in downstream analyses. We tested these hypotheses by constructing haplowebs for two nuclear markers, H3 and ITS, and in both haplowebs the specimens appeared as a single species. Multi-locus species delimitation analyses performed with the Bayesian BPP program also mainly supported a single species. Furthermore, no apparent morphological differences were found between the clusters. Two of the clusters were partially separated from each other and the other clusters, but not strongly enough to consider them as separate species. All 62 specimens were used to visualise the Scandinavian distribution, of the species, and to compare with published COI data from other Fridericia species. Conclusion We show that the morphospecies Fridericia magna is a single species, harbouring several distinct mitochondrial clusters. There is partial genetic separation between some of them, which may be interpreted as incipient speciation. The study shows the importance of rigorous species delimitation using several independent markers when deep mitochondrial divergences might give the false impression of cryptic speciation.

SEX DIMORPHISM IN THE ADRENAL OF HAMSTERS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zieger ◽  
B. Lux ◽  
B. Kubatsch
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Golden Hamsters ◽  
Syrian Golden Hamsters

ABSTRACT The adrenals of the hamster differ in many respects from those of other mammals that have been studied so far. The higher weight and the higher steroid secretion of the male adrenal are conspicuous features. The adrenals of 144 Syrian golden hamsters between the 1st and 12th week of life were studied histologically and histometrically in order to see whether these sex differences also show up in the morphology of the adrenals. Histologically in both sexes a typical zonation in glomerulosa and fasciculata could be observed from the 2nd week onwards. Both zones consist of compact cells. Already at the end of the 4th week in some sections, sex-specific differences are found. From the 5th week up to the end of our experiment these differences are so pronounced that it is possible with 100% accuracy to determine the sex of the animal from the appearance of the adrenal: the zona reticularis of the female adrenal shows a higher cellularity than in the male adrenal. In males on the other hand, the cells are arranged less densely and development of intracellular vacuoles in the adjacent fasciculata and in the zona reticularis are seen. The histilogical sex differences are significant from the end of the 4th week up to the end of our study. Parallel with the histological changes a difference in the weights of the adrenals begins to appear from the 4th week onwards. The male adrenal glands are heavier than those of females. This weight difference can be confirmed statistically from the 6th week onwards. The studies provided a morphological basis for the reticularis of the adrenals of golden hamsters for the sex-specific function and weight.

scholarly journals Effects of Estrogen and Exercise Stress on Adrenal Glands of Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 5449-5457
Author(s):  
Can Ismail ◽  
Aksak Karamese Selina ◽  
Findik Guvendi Gulname ◽  
Can Serpil ◽  
Kocaaslan Ramazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Short Time

Consciously done exercises are beneficial for human health. However, unconscious and wrong practices (medication use, etc…) can cause various injuries and permanent damage to the human body. For reasons such as increasing muscle mass and/or to getting more performance, taking steroid hormones disrupts overall body hormone balance. Effects of exercise on oxygen and energy metabolism and estrogen as an exogenous steroid have significant effects on the adrenal gland. The aim of this study was to see the effects of 17b-estradiol on surrenal glands of rats that is put through regular physical exercises. 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats between the weights 220-250 gr, were put into thermal-controlled room with day-night cycles to stimulate an optimal day for the subjects. The experiment was modeled by dividing 36 animals into 6 groups in total according to the control, exercising and estrogen administration criteria. Experimental group animals received daily doses of 10 μg/kg/day 17-β-estradiol during 30 days. Also exercises group animals ran at 20 m/min on a 15% grade for 90 minutes and rest 34 minutes. Then, TUNNEL and Hematoxylen & Eosin staining were performed to measure the damage on the adrenal glands. In group 2, dense presence of degenerative fibroblasts and inflammatuary cells infiltration in zona fasciculata were significantly different. In group 3, the degenerative areas were significant in all adrenal cortex zones. In group 4, necrotic areas were determined in zona reticularis. In group 5, zona fasciculata was severely degenerated. With group 6, Sinusoidal features were completely lost in zona reticularis. The results strongly show that exercise may affect the zona glomerulase in short time period. As a result, exposure to exercise and exercise stress with external administration of estradiol may cause cellular degeneration especially zona fasciculata and zona reticularis in the adrenal gland.

Ultrastructural Investigation of Spontaneous Pituitary Adenomas in Aging Sprague-Dawley Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Long Evans

Investigation of the spontaneous pituitary adenomas in rat have been limited mainly to light microscopic study. Furth et al. (1973) described them as chromophobic, secreting prolactin. Kovacs et al. (1977) in an ul trastructural investigation of adenomas of old female Long-Evans rats, found that they were composed of prolactin cells. Berkvens et al. (1980) using immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level, demonstrated that some spontaneous tumors of old Wistar rats could contain GH, TSH or ACTH as well as PRL.

Light and electron microscopic investigation of adenohypophyses of germfree, food-restricted, and germfree-food restricted aging, male lobund-wistar rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
G. Ilse ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
N. Ryan ◽  
T. Sano ◽  
L. Stefaneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Germfree state and food restriction have been shown to increase life span and delay tumor occurrence in rats. We report here the histologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of adenohypophyses of aging, male Lobund-Wistar rats raised at Lobund Laboratories. In our previous study, the morphologic changes in the adenohypophyses of old rats have been extensively investigated by histology, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Lactotroph adenomas were frequent in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats, whereas gonadotroph adenomas were frequent in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.Male Lobund-Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) conventional, which were raised under normal non-germfree environment and received food ad libitum; 2) germfree-food ad libitum; 3) conventional environment-food restricted and 4) germfree-food restricted. The adenohypophyses were removed from 6-month-, 18-month- and 30-month-old rats. For light microscopy, adenohypophyses were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin.

The pelvic innervation in the rat: different spinal origin and projections in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 480 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.I. Pascual ◽  
R. Insausti ◽  
L.M. Gonzalo
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES IN EXPERIMENTAL CRETINISM

1913 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Tatum
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Parenchymatous Organ ◽  
Islands Of Langerhans

In summarizing the findings of this paper it may be said that degenerative changes have been noted in practically every parenchymatous organ. Among these the most striking has been that of serous imbibition by the most active cells of these organs. In regard to the changes in the glands of internal secretion, the findings corroborate the statements of Cushing in regard to hypophysectomy, that removal of one gland of internal secretion results in changes in all the other glands. In this case, degenerative changes predominate in the hypophysis, thymus, ovary, and testis, while hyperplasia is seen in the islands of Langerhans and the medullas of the adrenal glands. Finally, in the rabbit athyroidism is responsible for grave degenerative changes in practically all organs and tissues of the body, and many of the symptoms of cretinism have an anatomical basis in organic cellular changes.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Low-Dose Ethanol on Myocardial Fibrosis through Downregulating the JNK Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yu ◽  
Xian-Jie Jia ◽  
Wei-ping Zhang ◽  
Ting-ting Fang ◽  
Jie Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Jnk Pathway ◽  
Ethanol Feeding

Objective. To investigate the effects of low dose ethanol feeding in diabetic rats and analyze its underlying mechanisms.Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control (Con), diabetes at 4 weeks (DM4W), diabetes at 8 weeks (DM8W), and EtOH + DM8W. After 8 weeks, hemodynamic parameters were recorded and heart weight/body weight (H/B) and hydroxyproline (Hp) content in myocardium were measured. Morphology of collagen in myocardial tissue was observed with Masson’s trichrome staining method and collagen volume fraction (CVF) was analysed. The mRNA expression of ALDH2 was assessed with Real-Time PCR. The protein expressions of p-JNK and JNK were evaluated using western blot.Results. In contrast to Con group, there was no difference in hemodynamic parameters in DM4W group, but mean arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased in DM8W group, and the ratios of H/B, Hp, and CVF were markedly increased. ALDH2 mRNA expression was decreased, while the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were increased. Compared with DM8W group, the above indexes were improved in EtOH + DM8W group.Conclusion. With low dose ethanol intervention, enhanced ALDH2 expression can antagonize the happening of myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats, which may be relevant with downregulating the JNK pathway.

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