Differences in tolerance to water deficiency at vegetative stage among wild upland rice, lowland rice landrace, their inter-specific hybrids and lowland rice varieties

Abstract Main conclusions Sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation and a strong antioxidative response reduce drought-induced biomass loss at the vegetative stage in rice. Abstract A clear understanding of the physiological and biochemical adaptations to water limitation in upland and aerobic rice can help to identify the mechanisms underlying their tolerance to low water availability. In this study, three indica rice varieties-IR64 (lowland), Apo (aerobic), and UPL Ri-7 (upland)-, that are characterized by contrasting levels of drought tolerance, were exposed to drought at the vegetative stage. Drought-induced changes in biomass, leaf metabolites and oxidative stress markers/enzyme activities were analyzed in each variety at multiple time points. The two drought-tolerant varieties, Apo and UPL Ri-7 displayed a reduced water use in contrast to the susceptible variety IR64 that displayed high water consumption and consequent strong leaf dehydration upon drought treatment. A sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation in UPL Ri-7 and a strong antioxidative response in Apo were both effective in limiting the drought-induced biomass loss in these two varieties, while biomass loss was high in IR64, also after recovery. A qualitative comparison of these results with the ones of a similar experiment conducted in the field at the reproductive stage showed that only Apo, which also in this stage showed the highest antioxidant power, was able to maintain a stable grain yield under stress. Our results show that different metabolic and antioxidant adaptations confer drought tolerance to aerobic and upland rice varieties in the vegetative stage. The effectiveness of these adaptations differs between developmental stages. Unraveling the genetic control of these mechanisms might be exploited in breeding for new rice varieties adapted to water-limited environments.

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Studies on Methods of Lowland Rice Culture on Upland Fields under irrigation : I. Adaptability of lowland rice varieties to the cultivation on upland fields under irrigation. : II. Differences in the growth and physiological characteristics between lowland rice and upland rice cultivated on upland field under irrigation

Japanese Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.1626/jcs.27.349 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 349-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Saichi UMINO ◽

Shunsuke IIZUKA ◽

Fujio NONAKA ◽

Hirokata YUYAMA

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Rice Culture ◽

Upland Field

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EFFECTS OF FERROUS TOXICITY ON SEEDLING TRAITS AND ION DISTRIBUTION PATTERN IN UPLAND AND LOW LAND RICE UNDER HYDROPONIC CONDITIONS

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v78.7258 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 78 (1-2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nusrat Jahan ◽

Norshila Fauzi ◽

Muhammad Arshad Javed ◽

Samiullah Khan ◽

Siti Zulaiha Hanapi

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Ion Distribution ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Seedling Traits ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Hydroponic Conditions

Environmentally, nutritional disorders are the major constraints due to the change in soil pH for rice crop cultivated under different irrigation system. Iron toxicity is one of the famous nutritional disorders caused by the excessive uptake of ferrous ion in low pH under aerobic conditions. This research study was focused to measure the effect of different levels of ferrous stress on seedling traits, distribution of ferrous, potassium ions in two upland rice and three lowland rice varieties. The mean comparison of growth parameters were formulated using least significant differences, as well as the experimental treatments were compared by analysis of variance. Varieties showed significant differences for growth parameters; however, lowland rice varieties like Pokkali and Firat exhibited the minimum deterioration in growth parameters. The root length was significantly reduced under ferrous stress in all varieties. Ferrous accumulation was high in roots compared to aerial plant parts and flag leaves exhibited the minimum accumulations. Reduction of potassium reflected in all plant parts when an increased in stress was imposed. Upland rice varieties were found sensitive compared to lowland rice varieties. It is therefore; concluded that the growth parameters would be a reflecting index for ferrous toxicity in rice. Furthermore, the availability and uptake of potassium is improved, it may minimize the effects of ferrous toxicity.

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Analyses of yield related agronomic traits of Malaysian rice varieties

Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology ◽

10.35118/apjmbb.2020.028.3.07 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 59-74

Author(s):

Nur Aini Mohd Kasim ◽

Chui-Yao Teh ◽

Parameswari Namasivayam ◽

Nur Fatihah Mohd. Yusoff ◽

Chai-Ling Ho

Keyword(s):

Agronomic Traits ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Total Yield ◽

Development Program ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Plant Materials

Analyses of morphological and agronomic traits not only provide important information in the selection of rice varieties for breeding, these data are also important in deciding plant materials for molecular characterization and analysis of phenotypic traits of interest. The aim of the present study was to collect, analyze and compare the agro-morphological data of 6 upland rice and 17 lowland rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) from the Malaysian rice germplasms grown under the same greenhouse condition. The common factors that contributed to yield per plant in both upland and lowland rice varieties are plant height and percentage of filled grains. Panicle length was positively correlated to grain yield in upland rice varieties while many other agronomic traits could affect the yield per plant in lowland rice varieties such as total number of tillers, total number of panicles per plant, flag leaf width and days-to-flowering. The upland rice varieties have a slightly higher average total grain number per panicle in compensation of a low number of panicles. The compensation in total grain numbers per panicle was not sufficiently significant to affect the total yield per plant most probably due to a low total number of grains per plant. Despite a high 100-grain weight in general, some of these upland rice varieties have more than 50% percentage of unfilled grains. Data on these rice germplasms may offer information on a valuable gene pool which can be utilized in different varietal improvement/development program in future.

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Recovering Ability of Upland and Rainfed Lowland Rice Varieties against Rice Tungro Disease

Bangladesh Rice Journal ◽

10.3329/brj.v21i1.37390 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 91-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MT Khatun ◽

MA Latif ◽

MM Rahman ◽

M Hossain ◽

TH Ansari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Resistant Variety ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Insect Vector ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Rice Tungro Disease ◽

Rainfed Lowland ◽

Endemic Areas ◽

Almost All

Rice tungro is the most destructive and widespread among virus diseases found in almost all rice growing areas. In susceptible varieties, it causes 100% yield loss under favourable environmental conditions. Control of tungro disease by chemical applications is not effective and eco-friendly. Development of resistant variety against tungro is also difficult, because it is necessary to develop resistance either to the insect vector or to the virus or to the both. Identification of varieties with recovering ability will facilitate farmers to cultivate rice in tungro endemic areas. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute released six upland and eight rainfed lowland rice varieties, which were tested to evaluate their recovering ability against tungro disease. The test varieties including susceptible and resistant checks were artificially inoculated by viruliferous vector (Green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens) of ten days after seeding in net house condition. Among the tested varieties BR26, BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan40 were the most susceptible and showed high infection rate against tungro disease. BRRI dhan37 and BR8 showed the highest recovering ability in rainfed lowland and upland rice, respectively, with the lowest yield reduction compared to the resistant check Kumragoir, which could be used in tungro endemic areas. From these investigations, all the tested varieties expressed distinct tungro disease symptoms after three weeks of inoculation. With the advancement of plant growth, varieties BR8 and BRRI dhan37 recovered from tungro syndrome due to their genetic makeup consisting tolerance potentiality showed better yield, while other varieties like BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan40 did not produce any grain yieldBangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(1): 91-100

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Cross-ecosystem utilizing primed seeds of upland rice varieties for enriching crop diversity at riparian wetland during dry season

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

Author(s):

ROFIQOH PURNAMA RIA ◽

BENYAMIN LAKITAN ◽

FIRDAUS SULAIMAN ◽

KARTIKA KARTIKA ◽

RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Dry Season ◽

Crop Diversity ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Vegetative Stage ◽

Leaf Rolling ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Riparian Wetland ◽

Drought Conditions

Abstract. Ria RP, Lakitan B, Sulaiman F, Kartika K, Suwignyo RA. 2020. Cross-ecosystem utilizing primed seeds of upland rice varieties for enriching crop diversity at riparian wetland during dry season. Biodiversitas 21: 3008-3017. Cultivation of rice during second growing season at riparian wetlands in Indonesia must deal with drought conditions at reproductive stage. Seed priming can speed up seed emergence and produces vigorous seedlings. Objective of this study was to screen upland rice varieties which were positively responded to seed priming and tolerant to drought during late vegetative and/or reproductive stage. Results of this study indicated that osmo-priming showed positive effects on seed emergence, percentage of germinated seed, and time to reach 50% germination. Effects of osmo-priming on seedling growth did not go beyond four weeks after seedlings had been transplanted. Among nine varieties screened, Inpago 10 exhibited better response to seed priming during late vegetative stage as it produced the highest number of tillers and total leaf area. However, at harvest, osmo-priming with 20% PEG lowered filled spikelet and weight of 100 grains but did not affect yield. Drought during late vegetative stage lessened number of tillers but after drought-treated plants recovered during reproductive stage, percentage of filled spikelet and grain size were comparable to those of control plants. Meanwhile, drought imposed during reproductive stage decreased percentage of filled spikelet and grain yield. Despite its better performance under drought conditions, leaf rolling score was higher during heading stage in Inpago 10. This phenomenon indicated that leaf rolling was not forced by drought, rather it was a quick response of Inpago 10 variety to limit water loss due to transpiration.

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Characterisation of Katarni rice for its Geographical Indication in of Bihar India

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.5.4.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (04) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MANKESH KUMAR ◽

SATYENDRA . ◽

SP SINGH ◽

ANAND KUMAR ◽

SMRITI . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Export Market ◽

New Delhi ◽

Geographical Indication ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Rice Landrace ◽

Exclusive Right ◽

Intellectual Properties

“Katarni Rice” is the most prevalent, ceremonial and finest quality scented rice of Bihar. It is famous for its aromatic flavour, palatability and chura (beaten rice) making qualitiesofGeographical area of production of Katarni Rice includes districts of Munger, Banka and South Bhagalpur of Zone IIIA of Bihar. The unique features of Katarnirice is developed only when it is grown in its territory areas. It has an immense scope of trading in local as well as export market. But, the available Katarni rice is poor yielder (25-30 t/ha) and farmers are tending towards the cultivation of non-aromatic high yielding rice varieties. Hence, in order to save this landrace from extinction and promote and protect the interest of Katarni growers, attempts were made to get its geographical indication (GI). With objective of providing exclusive right to the farmers for growing this premium quality rice and getting remunerative price through its marketing, an application for getting the tag of geographical indication was submitted by a Katarnigrowers’ association. Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour as a technical facilitator for this application, served to characterize and document this rice landrace on the basis of morphological, biochemical and genetical traits. The present study deals with purification, documentation and characterization of Katarni rice which helped in getting the GI tag in 2018 from the office of Intellectual Properties Rights, New Delhi, India.

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Response of rain-fed lowland rice varieties to different sources of N fertilizer in Fogera Plain, Northwest Ethiopia

Cogent Food & Agriculture ◽

10.1080/23311932.2019.1707020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1707020

Author(s):

Amare Aleminew ◽

Getachew Alemayehu ◽

Enyew Adgo ◽

Tilahun Tadesse ◽

Manuel Tejada Moral

Keyword(s):

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Different Sources

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Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-4392201603374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 185-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽

Ruby KROMOCARDI

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Management Practices ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Trials ◽

Application Rate ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

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