scholarly journals New technique for intestinal lengthening – from the idea to the clinical application

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Tamás Cserni ◽  
Garbriella Varga ◽  
Dániel Érces ◽  
József Kaszaki ◽  
Beáta Biszku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Intestinal Lengthening ◽  
Serial Transverse Enteroplasty

Bevezetés: Súlyos rövidbél-szindrómában, a természetes adaptáció következtében, a megmaradt vékonybél annyira kitágul, hogy a béltartalmat nem képes továbbítani, ez stasishoz, bacterialis translocatióhoz, majd sepsishez vezethet. A passzázs javítására jelenleg alkalmazott műtétek közül a Bianchi-műtét igen bonyolult, a serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) lényegesen egyszerűbb, de az izomrostok orientációját drámaian megváltoztatva afiziológiás állapotot teremt. Célunk egy új, egyszerű és kevéssé kockázatos bélhosszabbító műtéti technika kifejlesztése volt, amely nem változtatja meg jelentősen a bél mikroszkópos anatómiáját. Anyag és módszer: Az ötlet a bél spirális vonal mentén történő incisióján és kisebb kaliberen történő retubularisatióján alapul. A műtétet spiral intestinal lengthening and tailoringnek (SILT) neveztük el. Elsőként a műtét kivitelezhetőségét és az izomrostok orientációjára gyakorolt hatását vizsgáltuk bélszimulátoron és sertésbélen. Az intramuralis keringésváltozásokat in vivo mikroszkópia segítségével elemeztük, majd műtétet túlélő sertésmodellen (n = 6) teszteltük, csak ezek után került sor a klinikai alkalmazásra. Eredmények: A SILT könnyen kivitelezhetőnek bizonyult, az izomrostok orientációja nem változott lényegesen. A műtét nem okozott kritikus változást a bélfal keringésében, és amennyiben a lumen szűkítése nem haladta meg a 75%-ot, nem észleltünk sebészi komplikációt vagy krónikus szöveti ischaemiát sem. Az első klinikai alkalmazás is sikeres volt. Következtetés: A SILT-műtét nem változtatja meg a bél izomstruktúráját, biztonságos és ajánlható módszer a bélhosszabbításra.

Renal circulatory occlusion and local cooling

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Birkeland ◽  
A. Vogt ◽  
J. Krog ◽  
C. Semb
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Reversible Lesion ◽  
Initial Depression

A method was developed for local kidney cooling in vivo, evaluated in dogs and applied clinically. In dogs a reversible lesion was not obtained if renal ischemia lasted beyond 1 hour at 37℃. Application of local cooling (10±5℃) extended the tolerance time to 7 hours, with clamping of the entire renal pedicle, and to 12 hours with occlusion of the renal artery alone. Exposure of the same kidney to a second occlusion period (up to 9 hr.) resulted in a reversible lesion. Renal function studies (CU, CIn, CPAH and TmPAH) showed the same pattern (initial depression and course of recovery) as after renal ischemia at body temperature. Initial depression was roughly paralleling the duration of clamping. Preischemic function values were, in most instances, reached 3 months following the experimental procedure. Physiological aspects of ‘local cooling’ are discussed and the advantages over general hypothermia are pointed out. The technique used for clinical application is described. Submitted on April 25, 1958

scholarly journals The Clinical Application of Porous Tantalum and Its New Development for Bone Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan Huang ◽  
Shu-Ting Pan ◽  
Jia-Xuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Porous Tantalum ◽  
New Development

Porous tantalum (Ta) is a promising biomaterial and has been applied in orthopedics and dentistry for nearly two decades. The high porosity and interconnected pore structure of porous Ta promise fine bone ingrowth and new bone formation within the inner space, which further guarantee rapid osteointegration and bone-implant stability in long term. Porous Ta has high wettability and surface energy that can facilitate adherence, proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts. Meanwhile, low elastic modulus and high friction coefficient of porous Ta can effectively avoid stress shield effect, minimize marginal bone loss and ensure primary stability. Accordingly, the satisfactory clinical application of porous Ta based implants or prostheses are mainly derived from its excellent biological and mechanical properties. With the advent of additive manufacturing, personalized porous Ta based implants or prostheses have shown their clinical value in the treatment of individual patient who need specially designed implant or prosthesis. In addition, many modification methods have been introduced to enhance the bioactivity and antibacterial property of porous Ta with promising in vitro and in vivo research results. In any case, choosing suitable patients is of great importance to guarantee surgical success after porous Ta insertion.

scholarly journals A beacon in the cytoplasm: Tracking translation of single mRNAs

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema V. Pingali ◽  
Angela K. Hilliker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Control Protein

Translation is carefully regulated to control protein levels and allow quick responses to changes in the environment. Certain questions about translation in vivo have been unattainable until now. In this issue, Pichon et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201605024) describe a new technique to allow real-time monitoring of translation on single mRNAs.

Abstract 543: Clinical Development of Cardiac Reprogramming Gene Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanyu Zhou ◽  
Laura M Lombardi ◽  
Christopher A Reid ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
Chetan Srinath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Treat Heart Failure ◽  
Ability To Regenerate

Heart failure affects an estimated 38 million people worldwide and is typically caused by cardiomyocyte (CM) loss or dysfunction. Although CMs have limited ability to regenerate, a large pool of non-myocytes, including cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), exist in the postnatal heart. In vivo reprogramming of non-myocytes into functional CMs is emerging as a potential new approach to treat heart failure and substantial proof-of-concept has been achieved in this new field. However, challenges remain in terms of clinical application. First, reported human reprogramming cocktails often consist of five to seven factors that require multiple AAV vectors for delivery. Thus, a less complex cocktail that is able to fit into one AAV vector is needed for this technology to impact human health. Second, the lack of specificity in AAV tropism further complicates the safety and regulatory landscape. A means to limit the expression of reprogramming factors to target cells is critical for maximizing long-term safety. Lastly, although promising studies in small animals have already been reported, safety and efficacy results in large animal MI models are critical to justify cardiac reprogramming in human clinical trials. We have developed a novel human cardiac reprogramming cocktail that consists of only two transcription factors and one miRNA. This new cocktail has been engineered into a single AAV cassette to efficiently reprogram human CFs into cardiomyocytes. We also substantially improved transduction of hCFs through AAV capsid engineering and eliminated CMs expression through a microRNA de-targeting method. Moreover, our novel cardiac reprogramming gene therapy improved cardiac function in both rat and swine MI models upon delivery at various time-points after MI without inducing arrhythmias. Given these promising safety and efficacy results in larger animals, we endeavor to translate direct cardiac reprogramming for clinical application.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document