Degradation resistance of silicon carbide diesel particulate filters to diesel fuel ash deposits

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2913-2921 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O’Sullivan ◽  
M.J. Pomeroy ◽  
S. Hampshire ◽  
M.J. Murtagh
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Lubricant Additive ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Series Of Experiments

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate chemical interactions between silicon carbide (SiC) and synthetic ash compositions expected to be deposited on the surfaces and within the pore structure of a diesel particulate filter. The chosen ash compositions simulated those arising from lubricants and three fuel types: standard diesel, diesel containing ferrocene as a catalytic additive, and diesel containing a cerium-based catalyst. Results demonstrated that SiC suffered little chemical or oxidative degradation in the presence of the ashes at 900 °C. For the ash not containing Fe or Ce, ash sintering effects were a possible mechanism causing filter blockage at temperatures above 970 °C. For ashes containing Fe or Ce, appreciable sintering effects were not observed below 1100 °C. Based upon the work conducted the suitability of SiC as a construction material for diesel particulate filters is not compromised by chemical degradation in the presence of lubricant/additive derived ash at temperatures less than 1100 °C.

Effect of engine operating conditions on soot layer permeability and density in diesel particulate filters

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Christian Zöllner ◽  
Onoufrios Haralampous ◽  
Dieter Brüggemann
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Agglomerate Size ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Operating Points ◽  
Particle Agglomerate

Understanding the variation of soot deposit properties in diesel particulate filters is necessary for their real-life modeling and onboard control. In this study, the effect of exhaust mass flow rate and particle agglomerate size on the soot layer permeability and density was investigated experimentally and analyzed using a well-validated model. A bare and a coated diesel particulate filter were loaded at five different engine operating points, specially selected to explore these effects in a heavily used part of the diesel engine map. Particle emissions were characterized in terms of particle agglomerate size distribution and primary particle diameter, while soot layer permeability and density were estimated indirectly by fitting the model to the pressure drop recordings. To this end, an automatic calibration procedure was applied to obtain values in a consistent and repeatable manner. The results showed considerable variation in both permeability and density. Furthermore, some trends could be identified after depicting the particle characterization data and soot layer properties in contour plots. Increased permeability appeared at the engine operating point with high flow rate and large particle agglomerate size. Lower density was obtained at the operating points with large particle agglomerate diameter.

Simulation of continuously regenerating diesel particulate filters in transient driving cycles

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (7) ◽  
pp. 591-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
I P Kandylas ◽  
G C Koltsakis
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Engineering Models

Forced by strict emission standards, interest in the reduction of particulate emissions becomes increasingly higher. Although the technology of diesel particulate filters (DPFs) has advanced impressively, especially during recent years, considerable technological challenges remain unsolved. The technology of NO2-assisted continuously regenerating diesel filters in conjunction with the upcoming availability of low sulphur diesel fuel represents a promising solution, especially for heavy duty engines. In the present paper, a transient modelling approach for the combined catalyst and DPF system is presented. This combined model is used to predict the regeneration performance of NO2-assisted regeneration systems in the transient conditions of a legislated European driving cycle. Although the model is based on global and approximate reaction schemes, the results illustrate the applicability of simulation tools in the process of optimizing certain important design parameters of the system, such as catalyst and particulate filter sizing and positioning, and catalyst activity requirements. It is expected that such engineering models will be valuable tools in the selection and design of such kind of systems, minimizing the testing effort and the associated costs.

scholarly journals Controlling Noise and Gas Emissions by a New Design of Diesel Particulate Filters

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Environmental Emissions

A theoretical and numerical studies on Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and its working principal in controlling noise and exhaust gasses emissions is presented here. This research includes a study of current Martials types that is used in diesel particulate nowadays and on a new materials and technologies that we can use in future. A new design of DPF is presented here. Unfortunately, in Jordan we face an environmental problems caused by diesel engines and the production of NOx and other exhaust gases and particulate matter. The main reason of this problem is the low specification of diesel fuel that is used in Jordan, which leads to shorten the life time of the Diesel particulate filters and leading to block them in some intensive cases. This problems leads to increasing the pollutant in the air which can harm the people's health, animal and plants, so this research goal is to find a solution for the diesel particulate filter life time and to control the environmental emissions and engines noise resulted from gas dynamics. It is found that the developed design of DPF achieves about 22% increase in its performance in both gas emission and noise reductions comparing with the traditional one.

scholarly journals Preliminary study on the performance of biomorphic silicon carbide as substrate for diesel particulate filters

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2053-2064
Author(s):  
Maria Orihuela ◽  
Aurora Gomez-Martin ◽  
Jose Becerra-Villanueva ◽  
Javier Serrano-Reyes ◽  
Francisco Jimenez-Espadafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Diesel Particle Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Porous Microstructure

This paper presents the results of a preliminary experimental study to assess the performance of biomorphic silicon carbide when used for the abatement of soot particles in the exhaust of Diesel engines. Given its optimal thermal and mechanical properties, silicon carbide is one of the most popular substrates in commercial diesel particulate filters. Biomorphic silicon carbide is known for having, be-sides, a hierarchical porous microstructure and the possibility of tailoring that microstructure through the selection of a suitable wood precursor. An experimental rig was designed and built to be integrated within an engine test bench that allowed to characterizing small lab-scale biomorphic silicon carbide filter samples. A particle counter was used to measure the particles distribution before and after the samples, while a differential pressure sensor was used to measure their pressure drop during the soot loading process. The experimental campaign yielded promising results: for the flow rate conditions that the measuring devices imposed (1 litre per minute; space velocity = 42,000 L/h), the samples showed initial efficiencies above 80%, pressure drops below 20 mbar, and a low increase in the pressure drop with the soot load which allows to reach almost 100% efficiency with an increase in pressure drop lower than 15%, when the soot load is still less than 0.01 g/L. It shows the potential of this material and the interest for advancing in more complex diesel particle filter designs based on the results of this work.

Vibration-Induced Ash Removal From Diesel Particulate Filters

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sappok ◽  
Vincent Costanzo ◽  
Leslie Bromberg ◽  
Cole Waldo ◽  
Rob Salsgiver
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filters ◽  
Particulate Filters ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Filter Operation ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Ceramic Honeycomb

Ceramic, honeycomb-type diesel particulate filters (DPF) are commonly used in a wide range of on- and off-road diesel-powered vehicles and equipment to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions to mandated levels. While the majority of the trapped PM can be removed from the filter through regeneration, incombustible ash builds up in the filter over time. The ash deposits are generally found accumulated in a porous layer along the channel walls, or packed as end-plugs towards the back of the filter channels. Ash accumulation in the filter restricts exhaust flow, reduces the filter’s soot storage capacity, and negatively impacts fuel consumption. In order to mitigate these deleterious impacts on filter operation, the particulate filter is periodically removed for ash cleaning. This study examines the effects of vibrations to remove and dislodge ash deposits from diesel particulate filters, particularly the ash accumulated toward the back of the channels and packed in plugs. Fundamental measurements of ash properties, combined with experiments utilizing full-size, field-aged particulate filters were conducted to ascertain the effects of specific vibration frequencies and acceleration levels on ash plug break-up and transport out of the DPF channels. The results show considerable potential for the application of controlled vibrations in an offline cleaning system to aid in the removal of ash deposits plugging filter channels, thereby reducing the ash-related impact on vehicle fuel consumption and extending the useful life of the particulate filter.

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