Microstructured Silica as an Optical-Fiber Material

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 614-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Knight ◽  
T.A. Birks ◽  
B.J. Mangan ◽  
P.St.J. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Fiber Waveguides ◽  
Silica Core ◽  
Cladding Material

Conventional optical fibers are fabricated by creating a preform from two different glasses and drawing the preform down at an elevated temperature to form a fiber. A waveguide core is created in the preform by embedding a glass with a higher refractive index within a lower-index “cladding” material. Over the last few years, researchers at several laboratories have demonstrated very different forms of optical-fiber waveguides by using a drawing process to produce two-dimensionally microstructured materials in the form of fine “photoniccrystal fibers” (PCFs). One such waveguide is represented schematically in Figure 1. It consists of a silica fiber with a regular pattern of tiny airholes that run down the entire length. The optical properties of the microstructured silica cladding material enable the formation of guided waves in the pure silica core.

scholarly journals Novel Gd3+-doped silica-based optical fiber material for dosimetry in proton therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hoehr ◽  
A. Morana ◽  
O. Duhamel ◽  
B. Capoen ◽  
M. Trinczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Proton Therapy ◽  
Bragg Peak ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Strong Luminescence ◽  
The University

Abstract Optical fibers hold promise for accurate dosimetry in small field proton therapy due to their superior spatial resolution and the lack of significant Cerenkov contamination in proton beams. One known drawback for most scintillation detectors is signal quenching in areas of high linear energy transfer, as is the case in the Bragg peak region of a proton beam. In this study, we investigated the potential of innovative optical fiber bulk materials using the sol-gel technique for dosimetry in proton therapy. This type of glass is made of amorphous silica (SiO$${}_{2}$$ 2 ) and is doped with Gd$${}^{3+}$$ 3 + ions and possesses very interesting light emission properties with a luminescence band around 314 nm when exposed to protons. The fibers were manufactured at the University of Lille and tested at the TRIUMF Proton Therapy facility with 8.2–62.9 MeV protons and 2–6 nA of extracted beam current. Dose-rate dependence and quenching were measured and compared to other silica-based fibers also made by sol-gel techniques and doped with Ce$${}^{3+}$$ 3 + and Cu$${}^{+}$$ + . The three fibers present strong luminescence in the UV (Gd) or visible (Cu,Ce) under irradiation, with the emission intensities related directly to the proton flux. In addition, the 0.5 mm diameter Gd$${}^{3+}$$ 3 + -doped fiber shows superior resolution of the Bragg peak, indicating significantly reduced quenching in comparison to the Ce$${}^{3+}$$ 3 + and Cu$${}^{+}$$ + fibers with a Birks’ constant, k$${}_{B}$$ B , of (0.0162 $$\pm $$ ± 0.0003) cm/MeV in comparison to (0.0333 $$\pm $$ ± 0.0006) cm/MeV and (0.0352 $$\pm $$ ± 0.0003) cm/MeV, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such an interesting k$${}_{B}$$ B for a silica-based optical fiber material, showing clearly that this fiber presents lower quenching than common plastic scintillators. This result demonstrates the high potential of this inorganic fiber material for proton therapy dosimetry.

Comparative Study of Pulsed X-Ray and$gamma$-Ray Radiation-Induced Effects in Pure-Silica-Core Optical Fibers

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1756-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Girard ◽  
B. Brichard ◽  
J. Baggio ◽  
F. Berghmans ◽  
M. Decre
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Silica Core

Radiation Effects on Pure Silica Core Optical Fibers by γ-Rays: Relation between 2 eV Band and Non-Bridging Oxygen Hole Centers

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (Part 1, No. 3) ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaya Nagasawa ◽  
Yutaka Hoshi ◽  
Yoshimichi Ohki ◽  
Kichinosuke Yahagi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Oxygen Hole ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Silica Core ◽  
Hole Centers

Color Centers in Glass Optical Fiber Waveguides

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Friebele ◽  
D. L. Griscom
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Color Centers ◽  
Metal Fluoride ◽  
Paramagnetic Defect ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Defect Centers ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Fiber Waveguides

ABSTRACTColor centers formed in the core and cladding of optical fiber waveguides by exposure to nuclear radiation can greatly increase the attenuation in the infrared spectral region of interest for optical communications. The radiation-induced paramagnetic defect centers in pure silica, silica doped with Ge, P, or B, and heavy metal fluoride glasses have been identified and thoroughly characterized by electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques. This paper will review the results of recent studies of color centers in optical fiber waveguide materials and their Identification via correlations of the radiation-induced optical absorptions and defect centers elucidated by ESR.

Enhanced Radiation Resistance of Pure-Silica-Core Polarization-Maintaining PANDA Optical Fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 1413-1416
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Tomashuk ◽  
Pavel F. Kashaykin ◽  
Irina S. Azanova ◽  
Yulia O. Sharonova ◽  
Elena A. Pospelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Radiation Resistance ◽  
Core Polarization ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Polarization Maintaining ◽  
Silica Core

scholarly journals Extreme Radiation Sensitivity of Ultra-Low Loss Pure-Silica-Core Optical Fibers at Low Dose Levels and Infrared Wavelengths

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7254
Author(s):  
Adriana Morana ◽  
Cosimo Campanella ◽  
Jeoffray Vidalot ◽  
Vincenzo De Michele ◽  
Emmanuel Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Distributed Sensors ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Silica Core

We report here the response of a commercial ultra-low loss (ULL) single-mode (SM) pure silica core (PSC) fiber, the Vascade EX1000 fiber from Corning, associated with 0.16 dB/km losses at 1.55 µm to 40 keV X-rays at room temperature. Today, among all fiber types, the PSC or F-doped ones have been demonstrated to be the most tolerant to the radiation induced attenuation (RIA) phenomenon and are usually used to design radiation-hardened data links or fiber-based point or distributed sensors. The here investigated ULL-PSC showed, instead, surprisingly high RIA levels of ~3000 dB/km at 1310 nm and ~2000 dB/km at 1550 nm at a limited dose of 2 kGy(SiO2), exceeding the RIA measured in the P-doped SM fibers used for dosimetry for doses of ~500 Gy. Moreover, its RIA increased as a function of the dose with a saturation tendency at larger doses and quickly recovered after irradiation. Our study on the silica structure suggests that the very specific manufacturing process of the ULL-PSC fibers applied to reduce their intrinsic attenuation makes them highly vulnerable to radiations even at low doses. From the application point of view, this fiber cannot be used for data transfer or sensing in harsh environments, except as a very efficient radiation detector or beam monitor.

50Um Diameter Pure Silica Core/55Um Diameter Hard-Clad Optical Fiber

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Clarkin ◽  
B. J. Skutnik ◽  
G. A. Drenzek
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Silica Core
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