In-Situ Stress Measurement - Results of Experiments Performed at the Asse Salt Mine - Federal Republic of Germany

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-K. Feddersen
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Host Rock ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Temperature Test

ABSTRACTHigh-level nuclear wastes are heat generating wastes. Heat will be transferred to the surrounding salt formation. This heating of the host rock will result in an increased temperature and in stress changes.From 1983 through 1985 two underground tests were conducted in the Asse Salt Mine (Federal Republic of Germany) in which among others thermally induced stress changes were investigated.In the Temperature Test 6 which was conducted at the 750 m-level only electrical heaters were used to simulate the heat generating high-level waste. Three hydraulic stress monitoring stations were arranged in the un-heated area at a distance of about 40 meters to the central heater. Measurements using AWIO flat jacks were also carried out in the heated region of the Temperature Test Field 6 (TVF 6).The joint US/FRG Brine Migration Test (BMT) - a nuclear waste repository simulation experiment - was performed at the 800 m-level and used radioactive sources and electrical heaters to impose the heat load on the host rock. Stress change measurements during this experiment were performed using hydraulic pressure cells and straingaged stressmeters.During 1985 an experimental area for the first in-situ test disposal of high-level radioactive sources was created at the 800 m-level within the Asse anticline structure. Thirty high-level radioactive canisters will be emplaced in six down-boreholes located in two test galleries in the experimental area. There is one additional borehole in each gallery equipped only with electrical heaters. Hydraulic pressure cells, AWID flat jacks, and straingaged stressmeters were installed in the HAW-test field for stress change measurements.

Mineralogical and hydraulic characteristics of mudstone in the Tamusu candidate area in northwest China for high-level radioactive waste geological disposal

Clay Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Long Xiang ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Pinghui Liu ◽  
Xingfu Jiang ◽  
Chaocheng Dai
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Host Rock ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe Tamusu region in northwest China is a key candidate area for China's clay rock deep geological repositories (DGRs) for high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) as it is composed of a continuous layer of thick lacustrine mudstone. To evaluate this mudstone as a host rock, two special test boreholes were drilled to investigate its spatial distribution and mineralogical and hydraulic characteristics. The southwest boundary and depositional centre of the lake basin were well delineated by boreholes TZK-1 and TZK-2. The continuous single-layer thickness of the target mudstone formation was up to 300 m at a depth of 500–800 m. Three main mineral types were determined, namely carbonates (mainly dolomite and ankerite), analcime and albite, and their abundance was used to distinguish three different facies. Other mineral phases, such as clay minerals (mainly illite and kaolinite), pyrite, hematite, quartz and calcite, were present as admixtures. The presence of carbonates may increase the mechanical strength and analcime may enhance the radionuclide adsorption properties of the mudstone. The self-sealing properties, which may be affected by the small amount of clay minerals, remain to be investigated. The hydraulic conductivity of the mudstone determined via in situ pulse tests ranged from 10–13 to 10–10 m s–1, suggesting that the Tamusu mudstone has ultra-low permeability. The transmissivity of the Tamusu mudstone fluctuated in regions with varying lithologies, but remained relatively constant for consistent lithologies. In summary, these preliminarily results confirm the possible suitability of the target formation as a host rock for DGRs of China's HLRW.

The Brine Migration Test - A Nuclear Waste Repository Simulation Experiment at the Asse Salt Mine - Federal Republic of Germany

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rothfuchs ◽  
K. Wieczorek ◽  
E. G. Mcnulty ◽  
S. K. Gupta ◽  
D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste Repository ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Brine Migration ◽  
Waste Repository

ABSTRACTA joint US/FRG nuclear waste repository simulation experiment was performed at the Asse Salt Mine in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The High Level Waste (HLW) disposal in boreholes was simulated by the simultaneous emplacement of electrical heaters and cobalt-60 sources at four individual test sites located in a special underground test room at the 800 m-level.In order to resolve the issues of rock mass/waste package interaction the temperature field, brine migration into the heater boreholes, borehole gas pressure and composition, and rock mass stresses and displacements were monitored during the test. In order to validate computer code predictions the acquired data were compared to calculational results. Corrosion specimens remained in the heater boreholes during the course of the experiment and were afterwards examined.

German Nuclear High-Level Waste Program - Key Research Areas

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Geipel
Keyword(s):  
Mine Safety ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Computer Codes ◽  
High Level

AbstractBased on more than 10 years of research and development, vitrification and high level waste disposal have reached the status of demonstration projects in the Federal Republic of Germany: hot operation of the PAMELA vitrification plant is scheduled for october 1985, and a disposal test with 30 canisters of high active glass is being prepared in the ASSE salt mine. Safety studies for a model repository led to a good understanding of the relevant phenomena; they will continue using sitespezific parameters. Modelling and computer codes will be further developed in international cooperation. In addition to reprocessing, the technology for direct disposal of spent fuel will be developed and demonstrated in the next years.

scholarly journals Experience of Criminal Proceedings Digitalization in the Federal Republic of Germany and Possibilities of its Use in the Criminal Proceedings Digitalization in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
L. N. Maslennikova ◽  
T. E. Sushina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
High Level

The paper analyzes the experience of digitalization of the criminal justice of the Federal Republic of Germany as one of the leading states of the European Union with a high level of informatization of the public administration mechanism. The study of German theory and practice allowed us to conclude that the criminal justice of Germany is quite successful in adapting to the new digital reality and that it is possible to use positive experience in developing the Russian concept of building criminal justice that provides access to justice in the development of digital technologies. It is proposed to consider digitalization as an irreversible and logical process of the development of criminal proceedings, requiring adjustments to the organizational basis of criminal procedure. Along with this, it is concluded that digitalization may become a prerequisite for changing the architecture (construction) of pre-trial stages of criminal proceedings with their subsequent transformation into the initial stage of criminal proceedings prior to justice.

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