Structure-Property Relationships in the Toughening of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) by Sub-Micron Size, Multiple-Layer Particles

1992 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Archer ◽  
P. A. Lovell ◽  
J. McDonald ◽  
M. N. Sherratt ◽  
R. J. Young
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Core Size ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Micron Size

ABSTRACTRubber-toughened poly(methyl methacrylate) materials have been prepared by blending poly(methyl methacrylate) with specially-synthesised, refractive index matched particles containing two, three and four radially-alternating rubbery and glassy layers. The paper describes the effects upon mechanical properties of (i) two-, three- and four-layer particle structure and (ii) particle diameter and glassy core size for three-layer particles.

Approaches for TEM imaging of cavitation in toughened nylon

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Shear Yield ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Diamond Knife

A controversial topic in the study of structure-property relationships of toughened polymer systems is the internal cavitation of toughener particles resulting from damage on impact or tensile deformation.Detailed observations of the influence of morphological characteristics such as particle size distribution on deformation mechanisms such as shear yield and cavitation could provide valuable guidance for selection of processing conditions, but TEM observation of damaged zones presents some experimental difficulties.Previously published TEM images of impact fractured toughened nylon show holes but contrast between matrix and toughener is lacking; other systems investigated have clearly shown cavitated impact modifier particles. In rubber toughened nylon, the physical characteristics of cavitated material differ from undamaged material to the extent that sectioning of heavily damaged regions by cryoultramicrotomy with a diamond knife results in sections of greater than optimum thickness (Figure 1). The detailed morphology is obscured despite selective staining of the rubber phase using the ruthenium trichloride route to ruthenium tetroxide.

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