Electronics Packaging Materials Research at NIST

1995 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Schen ◽  
G. T. Davis ◽  
F. I. Mopsik ◽  
W. L. Wu ◽  
W. E. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Electronics Industry ◽  
Electronics Packaging ◽  
Government Agency ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Microelectronics Industry ◽  
Microelectronic Components

ABSTRACTThe Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory at NIST has augmented its laboratory-based research in support of the U.S. commercial microelectronics industry by expanding its efforts in electronics packaging, interconnection and assembly (P/I/A) materials technologies. In conjunction with industry, university and other government agency partners, these new NIST efforts target materials technology issues that underlie the priorities contained within the various electronics industry technology roadmaps. A dominant aspect of the laboratory P/I/A program focuses on the in-situ metrology and data needs associated with the materials and complex material assemblies which comprise today's microelectronic components and circuits.

Organic Materials Science

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Whitesides
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Crucial Part

AbstractThe following article is based on the presentation given by George M. Whitesides, recipient of the 2000 MRS Von Hippel Award, the Materials Research Society's highest honor, at the 2000 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston on November 29, 2000. Whitesides was cited for “bringing fundamental concepts of organic chemistry and biology into materials science and engineering, through his pioneering research on surface modification, self-assembly, and soft lithography.” The article focuses on the growing role of organic chemistry in materials science. Historically, that role has been to provide organic polymers for use in structures, films, fibers, coatings, and so on. Organic chemistry is now emerging as a crucial part of three new areas in materials science. First, it provides materials with complex functionality. Second, it is the bridge between materials science and biology/medicine. Building an interface between biological systems and electronic or optical systems requires close attention to the molecular level of that interface. Third, organic chemistry provides a sophisticated synthetic entry into nanomaterials. Organic molecules are, in fact, exquisitely fabricated nanostructures, assembled with precision on the level of individual atoms. Colloids are a related set of nanostructures, and organic chemistry contributes importantly to their preparation as well.

scholarly journals In Situ Mechanical Loading and Neutron Bragg-edge Imaging, Applied to Polygranular Graphite On IMAT@ISIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. C. Zillhardt ◽  
G. Burca ◽  
D. Liu ◽  
T. J. Marrow
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Material Microstructure ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract Background Bragg edge imaging have seen significant developments in the last decade with the availability of new time-resolved detectors, however, there have been no studies of changes in local coherent scattering from grain reorientation and deformation with load. Such damage accommodation mechanism may occur in (quasi)-brittle materials. Objective We developed a novel method using in-situ Bragg imaging at the ISIS spallation neutron and muon source on the IMAT (Imaging and MATerials science and engineering) instrument using an energy-resolved detector setup. We collected and analysed data of a proof-of-concept experiment demonstrating the use of the method. Methods We have developed a loading apparatus that addresses the constraints posed by Bragg imaging, allowing us to resolve features in the material microstructure. We use energy-resolved neutron imaging to obtain images in energy bins and we have developed a set of codes to register and correlate these images, as well as detect changes in local coherent scattering, in situ. Results Preliminary results from this method on Gilsocarbon nuclear graphite allow qualitative observation of local changes in Bragg contrast, which may be due to deformation or grain reorientation. Conclusions We have demonstrated that we can track changes in local coherent scattering under mechanical load, with sufficient resolution to track features with a size above 100 microns. This method, apparatus and accompanying codes may be used on the IMAT instruments by users interested to better understand deformation in their materials.

scholarly journals Особенности релаксации сдвиговой упругости металлических стекол

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Yuriy P. Mitrofanov
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Physical Review ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Electromagnetic Excitation ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Alloys And Compounds

Работа направлена на установление закономерностей изменения сдвиговой упругости, возникающих при структурной релаксации металлических стекол на основе Pd и Zr. Измерения модуля сдвига выполнялись на частотах около 500 кГц. Несмотря на отличия в физических свойствах исследованных металлических стекол (химический состав, стеклообразующая способность, температуры стеклования и др.), наблюдаются определенные общие закономерности релаксации их сдвиговой упругости при термообработке.   ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа поддержана грантом Минобрнауки РФ № 3.1310.2017/4.6.   БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ Автор выражает благодарность проф. В.А. Хонику за обсуждение статьи     ЛИТЕРАТУРА Dyre С. Reviews of Modern Physics, 2006, vol. 78, pp. 953–972. https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.78.953 Dyre J. C., Olsen N. B., Christensen T. Physical Review B, 1996, vol. 53, pp. 2171–2174. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.53.2171  Khonik V. A., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Lyakhov S. A., Vasiliev A. N., Khonik S. V., Khoviv D. A. Physical Review B, 2009, vol. 79, pp. 132204-1–132204-4. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.79.132204 Chen H. S. Reports on Progress in Physics, 1980, vol. 43, pp. 353–432. https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/43/4/001   Hirao M., Ogi H. EMATS for Science and Industry: Noncontacting Ultrasonic Measurements. New-York, Springer, 2003, p. 372. Vasil'ev A. N., Buchel'nikov V. D., Gurevich M. I., Kaganov M. I., Gajdukov Ju. P. Electromagnetic Excitation of Sound in Metals. Cheljabinsk, Izd-vo JuUrGU Publ., 2001, 339 p. Wang W. H. Progress in Materials Science, 2012, vol. 57, pp. 487–656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.07.001   Watanabe L. Y., Roberts S. N., Baca N., Wiest A., Garrett S. J., Conner R. D. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2013, vol. 33, pp. 4021–4025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.044  Wang D. P., Zhao D. Q., Ding D. W., Bai H. Y., Wang W. H. Journal of Applied Physics, 2014, vol. 115, pp. 123507-1–123507-4. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869548 Zhang Z., Keppens V., Liaw P. K., Yokoyama Y. Journal of Materials Research, 2006, vol. 22, pp. 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0040  Khonik V. A. Izvestija Akademii Nauk. Serija fizicheskaja [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics], 2001, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 1465–1471. (in Russ.) Shtremel' M. A. The Strength of the Alloys. Part Defects of the Lattice. Moscow, MISIS Publ., 1999, 384 p. (in Russ.) Gordon C. A., Granato A. V. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2004, vol. 370, pp. 83–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.077 Shen T. D., Schwarz R. B. Applied Physics Letters, 2006, vol. 88, pp. 091903-1–091903-3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2172160  Tsyplakov A. N., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Khonik V. A., Kobelev N. P., Kaloyan A. A. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015, vol. 618, pp. 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.198 Mitrofanov Y. P., Wang D. P., Makarov A. S., Wang W. H., Khonik V. A. // Scientific Reports, 2016, vol. 6, p. 23026-1–23026-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23026  Afonin G. V., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Makarov A. S., Kobelev N. P., Khonik V. A. // Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2017, vol. 475, pp. 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.08.029 

Remarks on the Evolution of Materials Science

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
William W. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Surfaces And Interfaces ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
University Professor ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Stochastic Phenomena ◽  
Grain Boundary Motion ◽  
And Diffusion

The following is an edited version of the Von Hippel Award address, given by recipient W.W. Mullins at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting. Mullins received the Materials Research Society's highest honor “for pioneering and profound contributions to the understanding of grain boundary motion, morphological stability, the structure of surfaces and interfaces, and flow and diffusion as stochastic phenomena.” Mullins is University Professor Emeritus of Materials Science and Engineering at Carnegie-Mellon University.

Craft Knowledge as an Intangible Cultural Property: A Case Study of Samarkand Tiles and Traditional Potters in Uzbekistan

2004 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela B. Vandiver
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Property A ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Craft Knowledge ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Silk Route

ABSTRACTReverse engineering past craft technologies involves using the basics of materials science and engineering to a new end: their preservation and continuation. Examples are presented of the glazed tile technologies of Samarkand, Bukhara and other Silk Route cities of Uzbekistan that date from the thirteenth century A.D. but that continue to the present. The UNESCO charter for the preservation of Intangible Cultural Properties has enlightened the goals and results of the research and has linked together archaeological materials research and conservation science in an exciting new partnership.

scholarly journals Applications of Materials Science and Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry; a Short Review and the Current State in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Umunakwe ◽  
Ifeoma Janefrances Umunakwe ◽  
Akinlabi Oyetunji
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Pharmaceutical Materials

This paper briefly reviews the applications of materials science and engineering in the pharmaceutical industry. The materials characterization techniques highlighted in the paper as being utilized in the pharmaceutical industry are dynamic light scattering and photon correlation spectroscopy, mercury intrusion, gas density pycnometry and energy density analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman microscopy. The other areas of applications of materials science and engineering in the pharmaceutical industry briefly discussed are materials processing, materials research and development, and materials selection. This paper further highlighted that the program as it is currently offered by various institutions in Nigeria is yet to incorporate the courses in pharmaceutical materials. It concluded by pointing out that some institutions outside Nigeria have incorporated pharmaceutical materials in the programs of materials science and engineering. Suggestions were made for the materials science and engineering programs in Nigeria to build further capacity for effective applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Keywords— Applications, materials engineering, pharmaceutical industry

Making Education in Materials Science and Engineering Attractive to Undergraduate Students

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Educational Mission ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Research And Education

Materials research and education is currently one of the liveliest areas of science and engineering and is likely to be so for many decades. It is an outstanding example of an interdisciplinary field; persons who call themselves materials researchers are found in departments of chemistry, physics, metallurgy, ceramics, electrical engineering, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering, and also in many departments that now call themselves by the name “materials science and engineering.” The field has grown so rapidly that the term “materials science and engineering,” has many different meanings. In fact, most of the funding that supports materials science and engineering research is awarded to investigators in the more traditional disciplines, and the vast majority of scientists and engineers working in the field were educated in these traditional core disciplines.There is no question that the field of materials science and engineering is a success. However, is materials science and engineering now a discipline as well as a field? Should MS&E departments exist and what should be their educational mission? Should MS&E departments offer undergraduate and graduate majors? These questions are being discussed by many university faculties as they work to devise effective research structures and educational programs to respond to the growth of interest in a field that does not fit neatly into any single traditional discipline, but is far too important to ignore.Recently, the University Materials Council appointed a committee to consider these issues and specifically address the challenge of creating effective, attractive programs of undergraduate education in materials science and engineering.

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