scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steels Under Tuff Repository Environmental Conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Daniel McCright ◽  
H. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Nuclear Waste Repository ◽  
Well Water ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
J 13 ◽  
Alloy Steels

AbstractCarbon steels may be used for borehole liners in a potential high-level nuclear waste repository in tuff in Nevada. Borehole liners are needed to facilitate emplacement of the waste packages and to facilitate retrieval of the packages, if required. Corrosion rates of low carbon structural steels AISI 1020 and ASTM A-36 were determined in J-13 well water and in saturated steam at 100°C. J-13 well water is representative of water which has percolated through the tuff horizon where the repository would be located. Tests were conducted in air-sparged J-13 water to attain stronger oxidizing conditions. A limited number of irradiation corrosion and stress corrosion tests were performed. Chromium-molybdenum alloy steels and cast irons were also tested. These materials showed lower general corrosion but were susceptible to stress corrosion cracking when welded.

scholarly journals Environmental Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Produced by a Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron ◽  
Levy ◽  
Dolev ◽  
Leon ◽  
Shirizly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

: Current additive manufacturing (AM) processes are mainly focused on powder bed technologies, such as electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM). However, the main disadvantages of such techniques are related to the high cost of metal powder, the degree of energy consumption, and the sizes of the components, that are limited by the size of the printing cell. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the environmental behavior of low carbon steel (ER70S-6) produced by a relatively inexpensive AM process using wire feed arc welding. The mechanical properties were examined by tension testing and hardness measurements, while microstructure was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. General corrosion performance was evaluated by salt spray testing, immersion testing, potentiodynamic polarization analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Stress corrosion performance was characterized in terms of slow strain rate testing (SSRT). All corrosion tests were carried out in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. The results indicated that the general corrosion resistance of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) samples were quite similar to those of the counterpart ST-37 steel and the stress corrosion resistance of both alloys was adequate. Altogether, it was clearly evident that the WAAM process did not encounter any deterioration in corrosion performance compared to its conventional wrought alloy counterpart.

Interfacial Behavior of Dissimilar Friction Welded Nodular Cast Irons with Low Carbon Steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 3757-3762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Mitelea ◽  
Corneliu Marius Crăciunescu ◽  
R. Gugu
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Dissimilar Welding ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Interfacial Behavior ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Metallic Contact ◽  
Diffusion Phenomena

Welding of dissimilar materials is frequently accompanied by structural and technological difficulties and not always successful. The knowledge resulting from dissimilar welding experiments can be used to further identify directions and suitable technological parameters for optimal results. This paper report on the difficulties encountered on friction welding of nodular cast irons with low alloyed steels, due in principle to the low deformation capacity and the microstructural differences. It was shown through experiments that low friction times and high axial pressure leads to a significant plastifiation of the cast iron, while the low alloyed steel remains practically undeformed. The early (premature) plastifiation of the cast iron leads to a radial expulsion of the base structure associated with a continuous transport of the graphite nodules in the joint plan. As a result, a new graphite film forms which hinders a metallic contact between the parts and a welded joint. Qualitative and quantitative electron microscopy observations reveal carbon and alloying elements diffusion phenomena on the interface of the dissimilar materials to be joined.

Action of Carbon in Stress Corrosion Cracking of Mild Steel in Nitrate Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. FLIS
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Protective Properties

Abstract The effect of total carbon content on susceptibility of iron to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), on the depth of intergranular corrosion without stresses, anodic polarization curves, and the general corrosion rate was examined on decarburized Armco iron and its ferritic or martensitic alloys with carbon up to 1.4% in 5N NH4NO3 and 5N Ca(NO3)2, pH 5.0, at 75 and 100 C (167 and 212 F). The susceptibility to SCC and intergranular corrosion increased with the carbon content increasing up to about 0.009% or above, and it diminished with further increase in the carbon content. Carbon decreased the ability of iron to passivate (depassivating action), but it also promoted deposition of magnetite and enhanced its protective properties (impeding action). It is suggested that the observed effect of carbon on SCC and intergranular corrosion results from the predominance of the depassivating action at low carbon contents, and the predominance of the impeding action at higher carbon contents.

Study of the critical deformation dependence for dynamic recrystallization in low-carbon steels on the chemical composition

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
V.N. Gadalov ◽  
V.V. Shkatov ◽  
Yu. V. Skripkina ◽  
A.E. Gvozdev
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Critical Deformation ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Improved Model

The article considers dependence of the critical deformation for dynamic recrystallization in low-alloy steels on the chemical composition. The article shows an improved model for forecasting the critical deformation for dynamic recrystallization, which allows considering the content of chemical elements in steel. The article analyzes the influence of the chemical composition of low-alloy steels on the value of critical deformation during hot deformation. The article shows that the developed mathematical model can be used in the system of automated control of the structure and properties of steels during hot rolling to forecast conditions for the development of dynamic recrystallization and to select the optimal chemical composition of steels.

NI-ROD 55 WELDING ELECTRODE

Alloy Digest ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Welding Electrode

Abstract NI-ROD 55 Welding Electrode is used for shielded-metal-arc welding of gray, ductile, malleable, and Ni-Resist cast irons. It is also used for welding cast irons to various wrought materials, including carbon steels, low-alloy steels, and nickel alloys. The electrode is especially useful for welding heavy sections and high-phosphorus irons. NI-ROD 55 Welding Electrode can be operated in all welding positions. Power supply: direct current, electrode positive is preferred although alternating current can be used. This datasheet provides information on composition and tensile properties. It also includes information on joining. Filing Code: Ni-499. Producer or source: Inco Alloys International Inc.

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