Predictive Numerical Modeling of Artificial Tracers Migration in the Large-Scale Heating and Hydration Experiments of the FEBEX Project

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Samper ◽  
J. Delgado ◽  
J. Molinero ◽  
R. Juncosa
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Bentonite Buffer ◽  
Waste Repository ◽  
Engineered Barrier ◽  
High Level ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Artificial Tracers

ABSTRACTFEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barrier EXperiment) is a demonstration and research project dealing with the bentonite engineered barrier designed for sealing and containment of waste in a high level radioactive waste repository. In the FEBEX experiment the bentonite barrier will be subject to heating and hydration during at least three years. One of the novel aspects of FEBEX is the use of artificial tracers, which are intended to provide additional insight into the hydrodynamic and geochemical behavior of the bentonite buffer. Here the results of the numerical prediction of tracers migration are presented. Numerical modeling of the experiments has allowed the identification of the most relevant parameters and will be useful for the design of post-morten analyses.

On the use of jerk and snap in condition monitoring of machinery – review and case studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
S Lahdelma
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Peak Value

The time derivatives of acceleration offer a great advantage in detecting impact-causing faults at an early stage in condition monitoring applications. Defective rolling bearings and gears are common faults that cause impacts. This article is based on extensive real-world measurements, through which large-scale machines have been studied. Numerous laboratory experiments provide additional insight into the matter. A practical solution for detecting faults with as few features as possible is to measure the root mean square (RMS) velocity according to the standards in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1000 Hz and the peak value of the second time derivative of acceleration, ie snap. Measuring snap produces good results even when the upper cut-off frequency is as low as 2 kHz or slightly higher. This is valuable information when planning the mounting of accelerometers.

Electroencephalography

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Gaetz ◽  
Kelly J. Jantzen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Sport Concussion ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

Axonal injury is currently considered to be the structural substrate behind most concussion-related neurological dysfunction. Because the principal generators of EEG fields are graded excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials of pyramidal neurons, the EEG is well suited for characterizing large-scale functional disruptions associated with concussion induced metabolic and neurochemical changes, and for connecting those disruptions to deficits in behavior and cognition. This essay provides an overview of the use of EEG and newly developed analytical procedures for the measurement of functional impairment related to sport concussion. Elevations in delta and theta activity can be expected in a percentage of athletes and change in asymmetry and coherence may also be present. Newer techniques are likely to be of critical importance for understanding the anatomical and physiological basis of cognitive deficits and may provide additional insight into susceptibility to future injury. Computational modeling may advance our understanding of concussion.

scholarly journals Genomic rearrangements have consequences for introgression breeding as revealed by genome assemblies of wild and cultivated lentil species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Ramsay ◽  
Chu Shin Koh ◽  
Sateesh Kagale ◽  
Dongying Gao ◽  
Sukhjiwan Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Genomic Rearrangements ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Introgression Breeding ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding the genomic relationship between wild and cultivated genomes would facilitate access to the untapped variability found in crop wild relatives. We developed genome assemblies of a cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris) as well as a wild relative (L. ervoides). Comparative analyses revealed large-scale structural rearrangements and additional repetitive DNA in the cultivated genome, resulting in regions of reduced recombination, segregation distortion and permanent heterozygosity in the offspring of a cross between the two species. These novel findings provide plant breeders with better insight into how best to approach accessing the novel variability available in wild relatives.

scholarly journals Interactions of bentonite with metal and concrete from the FEBEX experiment: mineralogical and geochemical investigations of selected sampling sites

Clay Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaufhold ◽  
R. Dohrmann ◽  
K. Ufer ◽  
F. Kober
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Exchangeable Cation ◽  
Bentonite Buffer ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTThe FEBEX experiment, a full-scale, high-level radioactive waste repository test, ran for ~18 years and hence is the longest-running disposal test to date. The test consisted of a heater emplaced in an envelope of compacted bentonite at the Grimsel test site, Switzerland. The water content of the bentonite was somewhat lower near the heater and increased towards the granite. This phenomenon probably led to gradients in the exchangeable cation population at various locations within the bentonite buffer. The cement (shotcrete) bentonite interface of one block was characterized by a thin (0.1–1.0 mm) reaction zone in which bentonite constituents, carbonates and sulfates occurred. Cation exchange and a slight decrease of the cation exchange capacity were observed near the heater. Oxic corrosion was observed predominantly at the bentonite/steel liner interfaces, pointing towards a role of air entrapped between the liner and heater during emplacement. At the liner surface, intimate intergrowth of bentonite constituents, metal and corrosion products was observed. At the face of the heater, the bentonite blocks were in direct contact with the heater surface without any signs of metal corrosion. Instead, a significant increase in the Mg content was recorded, which is in agreement with previous large-scale disposal tests. The FEBEX experiment proved that the Mg increase and corrosion were independent processes. The increase in Mg may be explained by the formation of trioctahedral domains or the precipitation of neoformed silicates. For the first time, however, brucite was identified as an additional phase that formed at the metal/bentonite interface, pointing towards a special role for Mg mobility in the bentonite barrier.

scholarly journals KEAP1 Cancer Mutants: A Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Study of Protein Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5408
Author(s):  
Carter Wilson ◽  
Megan Chang ◽  
Mikko Karttunen ◽  
Wing-Yiu Choy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Covalent Modification ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
New Class ◽  
Kelch Domain ◽  
Cancer Mutations ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Insight Into

We have performed 280 μs of unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the effects of 12 different cancer mutations on Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) (G333C, G350S, G364C, G379D, R413L, R415G, A427V, G430C, R470C, R470H, R470S and G476R), one of the frequently mutated proteins in lung cancer. The aim was to provide structural insight into the effects of these mutants, including a new class of ANCHOR (additionally NRF2-complexed hypomorph) mutant variants. Our work provides additional insight into the structural dynamics of mutants that could not be analyzed experimentally, painting a more complete picture of their mutagenic effects. Notably, blade-wise analysis of the Kelch domain points to stability as a possible target of cancer in KEAP1. Interestingly, structural analysis of the R470C ANCHOR mutant, the most prevalent missense mutation in KEAP1, revealed no significant change in structural stability or NRF2 binding site dynamics, possibly indicating an covalent modification as this mutant’s mode of action.

scholarly journals Adapting for Scalability: Automating the Video Assessment of Instructional Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M Roberts ◽  
Jennifer LoCasale-Crouch ◽  
Bridget K Hamre ◽  
Jordan M Buckrop
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Automated Scoring ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Video Assessment ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Insight Into

Although scalable programs, such as online courses, have the potential to reach broad audiences, they may pose challenges to evaluating learners’ knowledge and skills. Automated scoring offers a possible solution. In the current paper, we describe the process of creating and testing an automated means of scoring a validated measure of teachers’ observational skills, known as the Video Assessment of Instructional Learning (VAIL). Findings show that automated VAIL scores were consistently correlated with scores assigned by the hand scoring system. In addition, the automated VAIL replicated intervention effects found in the hand scoring system. The automated scoring technique appears to offer an efficient and reliable assessment. This study may offer additional insight into how to utilize similar techniques in other large-scale programs and interventions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document