New Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polymers for Integrated Optics

1998 ◽  
Vol 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Roscher ◽  
Ralf Buestrich ◽  
Peter Dannberg ◽  
Oliver Rösch ◽  
Michael Popall
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Optics ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Transmission Losses ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Catalyst Temperature ◽  
Tunable Refractive Index ◽  
Crosslinking Reactions ◽  
Gel Processing

AbstractNew fluorinated inorganic-organic hybrid polymers (ORMOCER*s) for integrated optics were synthesized via hydrolysis and condensation (sol-gel processing) of functionalized pentafluorophenylalkoxysi lanes followed by organic crosslinking reactions. Process parameters (catalyst, temperature and ratio of educts) were optimized to achieve low transmission losses at the most important wavelengths for telecommunication in the NIR range: 1310 nm and 1550 nm.The result is a photopatternable transparent ORMOCER (negative resist behavior) with excellent low losses: 0.20 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.30 dB/cm at 1550 nm.Besides their high transparency the fluorinated ORMOCERs show a variety of other properties enabling their use as waveguide materials within the production of optoelectronic devices and related thin film technology: good wetting and adhesion on various substrates (e.g. glass, silicon and several polymers), low processing temperatures (postbake below 160 °C), high thermal stability (decomposition > 250°C) and a tunable refractive index.

Functionalisation of Textiles with Nanotechnology

2006 ◽  
Vol 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Textor ◽  
Frank Schröter ◽  
Eckhard Schollmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Technical Textiles ◽  
Stab Resistance ◽  
Technical Effort

AbstractThe present development of textile market is connected with an ever increasing demand for new functionalities for highly specific applications. At the same time, the industrial supply has been restricted to only a few types of synthetic fibers. Given that background, surface modification became one of the most important topics to create new textiles. Beside other techniques, the functionalisation of fibers by making use of concepts of the nanotechnology is part of our work for several years. Coatings based on nanosols and inorganic-organic hybrid polymers, derived from sol-gel process, have an immense potential for creative modifications of surface properties and can be applied with a comparatively low technical effort and at moderate temperatures. The coatings often combine properties of organic polymers with those of ceramic materials [1-11]. Therefore those hybrid polymers are of an enormous interest for technical textiles. The basic materials offer the opportunity to produce very hard but flexible coatings, especially by filling or modifying the networks with nano-particles. Approaches to modify these systems by various inorganic or organic substances can lead to a huge number of additional functionalities which are increasingly demanded from the textile industries [12-18]. Coatings of a thickness of less then one micron can act as effective barriers against chemical attacks, super-repellent surfaces can be created, or the wear-resistance of textile materials can be improved. Coatings incorporating nanoparticles as employed in sun creams protect sensitive polymers against decomposition due to ultraviolet radiation. Ballistic body wear based on fabrics protects against gun attacks but generally not against knives. For these products, thin coatings based on inorganic-organic hybrid polymers filled with alumina nanoparticles were found to give good stab-resistance. Further approaches deal e.g. with reversible photochromic coatings – coatings that change its color if irradiated with sun light -, (superpara-)magnetic hybrid polymers or medical systems based on porous sol-gel-coatings with immobilized drugs that are released in contact with skin. This paper will focus on approaches to improve ballistic body wear with respect to stab-resistance, UV-protection and water and oil repellence.

Inorganic-organic Hybrid Materials (ORMOCERs) for Multilayer Technology – Passivation and Dielectric Behavior

2001 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Houbertz ◽  
L. Fröhlich ◽  
J. Schulz ◽  
M. Popall
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Behavior ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTInorganic-organic hybrid polymers (ORMOCER®s) have been synthesized by sol-gel processing. The materials can be functionalized such that their physical and chemical properties can be reproducibly tailored towards the desired application, i.e., electronics, optics (passives/actives) or passivation technology. Besides, the materials which show negative resist behavior, can be patterned by UV exposure with good resolution. The materials are well-suited for thin and thick film technology using conventional coating technology, applied in multi-layer technology. We here particularly focus on materials for passivation against environmental influences, which additionally exhibit very good dielectric properties.

Low Si-OH ORMOCER®s for Dielectrical and Optical Interconnection Technology

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Buestrich ◽  
Frank Kahlenberg ◽  
Michael Popall ◽  
Adelheid Martin ◽  
Oliver Rösch
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Route Optimization ◽  
Optical Interconnection ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Catalyst Temperature ◽  
One Step ◽  
Tunable Refractive Index ◽  
Dielectric And Optical Properties

ABSTRACTORMOCER®*s (inorganic-organic hybrid polymers) with low Si-OH content were synthesized by a new sol-gel route. Optimization of the sol-gel process parameters (catalyst, temperature etc.) was performed in order to achieve reproducible low cost materials which are photo-patternable even in higher layer thicknesses up to 150 μm within one step without cracking or delamination. The materials combine low losses in the NIR region (0.2 dB/cm at 1310 nm and 0.5 dB/cm at 1550 nm without fluorination!) with low dielectric constants (3.3 at 10 kHz).Beside the dielectric and optical properties the materials have a variety of additional advantages for interconnection technology: good wetting and adhesion on various substrates (e.g. glass, silicon and several polymers), low processing temperatures (postbake below 160 °C), high thermal stability (up to 270 °C) and a tunable refractive index.Details of chemical synthesis and characterization as well as photo-lithographic processing of ORMOCER® materials are presented.

scholarly journals ZnO Nanoparticles-Chitosan Composite as Antibacterial Finish for Textiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Farouk ◽  
Shaaban Moussa ◽  
Mathias Ulbricht ◽  
Torsten Textor
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Equal Degree

The antibacterial performance of sol-gel-derived inorganic-organic hybrid polymers filled with ZnO nanoparticles-chitosan against a gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and a gram-positive Micrococcus luteus has been investigated. Three different molecular weights (MW) of chitosan (CTS) 1.36 · 105, 2.2 · 105, and 3.0 · 105 Da with equal degree of deacetylation (DD, 85%) (coded as S 85-60, He 85-250, and He 85-500) with equal degree of deacetylation (DD, 85%) were examined. ZnO was prepared by the base hydrolysis of zinc acetate in isopropanol using lithium hydroxide (LiOH · H2O) to hydrolyze the precursor. Sol-gel-based inorganic-organic hybrid polymers were modified with these oxides and were applied to cellulosic cotton (100%) and cotton/polyester (65/35%) fabrics. Inorganic-organic hybrids polymers were based on 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Bacteriological tests were performed in nutrient agar media on solid agar plates and in liquid broth systems using ZnO nanoparticles with average particle size of (40 nm). Our study showed the enhanced antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles chitosan (different MW) of against a gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli DSMZ 498 and a gram-positive Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 in repeated experiments. The antibacterial activity of textile treated with ZnO nanoparticles chitosan increases with decreasing the molecular weight of chitosan.

Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic-organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1801-1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Alemán ◽  
A. V. Chadwick ◽  
J. He ◽  
M. Hess ◽  
K. Horie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Standard Terminology ◽  
Gel Processing

This document defines terms related to the structure and processing of inorganic, polymeric, and inorganic-organic hybrid materials from precursors, through gels to solid products. It is divided into four sections - precursors, gels, solids, and processes - and the terms have been restricted to those most commonly encountered. For the sake of completeness and where they are already satisfactorily defined for the scope of this document, terms from other IUPAC publications have been used. Otherwise, the terms and their definitions have been assembled in consultation with experts in the relevant fields. The definitions are intended to assist the reader who is unfamiliar with sol-gel processing, ceramization, and related technologies and materials, and to serve as a guide to the use of standard terminology by those researching in these areas.

Hybrid Nanomaterial Scaffolds for Specific Biomedical Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandar Gadre ◽  
Jianing Yang ◽  
Frederic Zenhausern
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hybrid Nanomaterial ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Aerogels ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Gel Processing

AbstractHighly porous nanomaterials like aerogels, hybrid crosslinked aerogels (X-aerogels) and xerogels exhibit a broad range of tailorable properties such as the pore size, surface area, surface chemistry and mechanical strength. The versatile manufacturing route of sol-gel synthesis and various tunable properties makes aerogels and xerogels attractive candidates for biomedical applications including tissue engineering, sample collection applicators and engineered microenvironments for three-dimensional cell culture. The present study explores meso- and macroporous inorganic-organic hybrid aerogels prepared via sol-gel processing for two different applications, namely, as scaffolds for cell culture and as potential materials for sample collection applicators.

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