A Molecular Route to Dip-coated Transition Metal Nitride Thin Films.

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Jackson ◽  
Andrew L. Hector
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Transition Metal Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Gel Processing

ABSTRACTThere is an increasing interest in sol-gel synthesis of nitrides. The ability to deposit films of these materials by dip- or spin-coating will increase the range of applications in which they are viable and is an important step toward general sol-gel processing of nitride materials.With transition metals, the ammono based analogue of the well established alkoxy route to gels is inherently difficult to control. Due to the basicity of the system, the overwhelming tendency is of the starting materials to favour particle growth which results in a precipitate rather than a stable emulsion, unless both environment and synthetic pathway are carefully controlled. Hence reports to date of sol-gel routes to nitrides describe production of powders. We report work on a sol-gel route to titanium nitride with the ammonolysis of titanium amides controlled by temperature and chemical moderators, resulting in stable emulsions useful for dip-coating.

Sol–gel synthesis of calcium hydroxyapatite thin films on quartz substrate using dip-coating and spin-coating techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milda Malakauskaite-Petruleviciene ◽  
Zivile Stankeviciute ◽  
Aldona Beganskiene ◽  
Aivaras Kareiva
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Quartz Substrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles in ZrO2 thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2541-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Yokoyama ◽  
Hironobu Sakata ◽  
Moriaki Wakaki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Silver Surface ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

ZrO2 thin films containing silver nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method with Ag to Zr molar ratios [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.11, 0.25, 0.43, 0.67, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.33. After dip coating on glass substrate, coated films were annealed at 200 and 300 °C in air. X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to crystalline Ag were observed, but a specific peak corresponding to ZrO2 was not observed. At the molar ratio [Ag]/[Zr] = 0.25, the particle size of Ag distributed broadly centered at 17 nm for an annealing temperature of 200 °C and at 25 nm for 300 °C. The films annealed in air at 200 °C showed an absorption band centered at 450 nm because of the silver surface plasmon resonance, whereas films heated at 300 °C in air caused a red shift of the absorption to 500 nm. The absorption peak was analyzed using the effective dielectric function of Ag-ZrO2 composite films modeled with the Maxwell-Garnett expression.

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Coatings of Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxides

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3738 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smalenskaite ◽  
M. M. Kaba ◽  
I. Grigoraviciute-Puroniene ◽  
L. Mikoliunaite ◽  
A. Zarkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Dipping Process ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Double Hydroxides ◽  
Steel Substrates

In this study, new synthetic approaches for the preparation of thin films of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been developed. The LDHs were fabricated by reconstruction of mixed-metal oxides (MMOs) in deionized water. The MMOs were obtained by calcination of the precursor gels. Thin films of sol–gel-derived Mg-Al LDHs were deposited on silicon and stainless-steel substrates using the dip-coating technique by a single dipping process, and the deposited film was dried before the new layer was added. Each layer in the preparation of the Mg-Al LDH multilayers was separately annealed at 70 °C or 300 °C in air. Fabricated Mg-Al LDH coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was discovered that the diffraction lines of Mg3Al LDH thin films are sharper and more intensive in the sample obtained on the silicon substrate, confirming a higher crystallinity of synthesized Mg3Al LDH. However, in both cases the single-phase crystalline Mg-Al LDHs have formed. To enhance the sol–gel processing, the viscosity of the precursor gel was increased by adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. The LDH coatings could be used to protect different substrates from corrosion, as catalyst supports, and as drug-delivery systems in medicine.

Comparative studies of sol-gel SiO 2 thin films prepared by spin-coating and dip-coating techniques

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiliang He ◽  
Jiehua Wu ◽  
Xiangdong Gao ◽  
Lingnan Wu ◽  
Xiaomin Li
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating

scholarly journals Hydrophobic silica thin films by sol-gel processing and spin coating technique at low temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda Abu Bakar ◽  
Karim Deraman ◽  
R. Hussin ◽  
W. Nurulhuda W. Shamsuri ◽  
Faizal Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Spin Coating Technique ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Hydrophobic Silica ◽  
Silica Thin Films ◽  
Gel Processing

Hydrophobic silica thin films were prepared by sol-gel processing and self-assembly by chemical vapor reaction with Trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) at low temperature. The sols were divided into Sol A with ethanol, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and water (H2O) while Sol B were contain precursor of silica Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) hydrolyze with ethanol which was stirred for 15 minutes. HCl was added into the mixture and stirred for another 10 minutes. After deposition on 1 x 1 cm corning glass using spin coating technique (two-step timer), the films were heated at 60˚C for 10 minutes and finally annealed at 150°C for 1 hour. The films were characterized by using Rudolph/Auto EL Ellipsometer, Shimadzu Spectrophotometer, Perkin Elmer Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The results showed that the films thickness and refractive index were in the range of 105.2 to 112.4 nm and 1.35 to 1.38, respectively. The films were transmitted 70-80% of light (in visible range) with various bondings of C-H, Si-O-Si, Si-C and Si-OH. Surface roughness of the films was increased from 30.6 nm (silica thin film) to 140.5 nm (hydrophobic silica thin films) after modification have been done on the films by using TMCS (heated at 40˚C). It was found that the water contact angles increased when time of reaction increased from 109° to 124°.

Study of Improvement Technology of Photocatalytic Activity on the TiO2 Sol by Plasma Treatment After Dip-Coating Processing

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-K. Jung ◽  
S.-H. Cho ◽  
S.-B. Lee ◽  
T.-K. Kim ◽  
M.-N. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Tio2 Sol ◽  
Afm Analysis ◽  
Gel Processing

We have deposited titanium dioxide TiO 2 thin films on glass using a single molecular precursor such as titanium (IV) isopropoxide ( Ti [ OCH ( CH 3)2]4, 97%) by sol–gel processing. Argon and oxygen rf plasma treatments at 295 K for 0.5 h in the power range of 50–200 W were also used to elevate photocatalytic activity of the as-grown TiO 2 films. A superhydrophilic property and surface morphology change appeared in the light irradiation with O 2 plasma treatment. In this work, the effect of the plasma with photocatalyst ( TiO 2) on the improvement of hydrophilic properties has mainly been investigated. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by measurements of the uv/vis. irradiation, refractive index, contact angle, and AFM analysis. We confirmed that plasma treatment is a very reliable method for the synthesis of TiO 2 thin films with high catalytic performance.

Ferroelectric Thin Films Via Sol-Gel Processing of Singlesource Precursors

1993 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Chandler ◽  
M.J. Hampden-Smith ◽  
R.W. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Mixed Metal Oxide ◽  
Mixed Metal ◽  
Oxide Powders ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Gel Processing

AbstractThe use of single-source mixed metal-organic precursors specifically designed for the formation of crystalline perovskite phase mixed metal oxide powders has been investigated. Pyridine solutions of divalent metal α-hydroxycarboxylates of general empirical formula A(O2CCMe2OH)2 where A = Pb, Ca, Sr, Ba; Me = methyl, were designed to react with metal alkoxides, for example, Ti(O-i-Pr)4, with the elimination of two equivalents of alcohol to form species with fixed A:B stoichiometry of 1:1 according to the equation: A(O2CCMe2OH)2 + B(OR)4 → A(O2CCMe2O)2B(OR)2 + 2HOR. Hydrolysis of these compounds in pyridine produces clear solutions which on removal of the solvent in vacuo, yield yellow powders. These powders readily dissolve in ethanol to give solutions from which thin films can be formed either by dip-coating or spin coating. The crystallization behavior, composition and ferroelectric properties of these films is discussed. The crystallization of the films generally required substantially higher temperatures compared to powders obtained from the same precursor solutions.

Properties of Pzt Thin Films with 2CdO·B2O3 Glass Phase Additive

1991 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith G. Brooks ◽  
Jiayu Chen ◽  
K. R. Udayakumar ◽  
L. Eric Cross
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Glass Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Pzt Thin Films ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Hysteresis Properties

AbstractLead zirconate titanate thin films containing 0-4 wt.% of 2CdO·B2O3 glass phase additive have been fabricated by sol-gel processing. Smooth dense perovskite films of approximately 3500Å thickness were formed on Si wafers by a multiple layer spin coating process followed by rapid thermal annealing. Remanent polarizations of up to 23μC/cm2 were measured. Hysteresis properties were found to be very sensitive to annealing time at 700°C, with remanence being maximized at 100-200 seconds.

Sol–Gel Synthesis of Nickel-Doped Cr2O3 Thin Films

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Zekaik ◽  
Hadj Benhebal ◽  
Bedhiaf Benrabah ◽  
Aziza Chibout ◽  
Nacera Tayebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Parallel Circuit ◽  
Dip Coating Method ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Synthesized Materials

This work presents an experimental study dedicated to the synthesis and characterization of pure and Ni-doped chromium (III) oxide thin films. Sol–gel thin films with doping rates of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% were deposited onto glass substrates by the dip-coating method at room temperature using Cr(NO3)3: 9H2O as precursor. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and impedance spectroscopy on solids, we noted that the films are polycrystalline with a grain size ranging from 11.2[Formula: see text]nm to 24.4[Formula: see text]nm, the synthesized materials are highly transparent in the visible light with more than 90% of transmittance and have an optical bandgap less than 3.0[Formula: see text]eV overall, and the equivalent circuit of the deposited films is a resistors and capacitors (RC) parallel circuit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document