Pengujian berbagai eksplan kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) dengan penggunaan konsentrasi BAP dan NAA yang berbeda

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1348 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Fitri Widya Lestari ◽  
Erni Suminar ◽  
Syariful Mubarok
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Intercalary Meristem ◽  
Quality Potato ◽  
Short Time

Rendahnya produksi kentang di Indonesia disebabkan oleh ketersediaan benih kentang bermutu hasil dari metode konvensional yang kurang memadai. Metode kultur jaringan mampu menghasilkan bibit bermutu dan bebas virus, dalam jumlah banyak serta waktu yang singkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) dan Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) terbaik pada berbagai eksplan untuk pertumbuhan tunas meriklon kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar Atlantik secara in vitro. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada November 2016 sampai Februari 2017 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan sebagai rancangan percobaan yang terdiri dari dua unit percobaan terpisah yaitu unit eksplan meristem interkalar dan meristem apikal, masing-masing delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Media Murashige and Skoog (MS) digunakan sebagai media dasar dengan penambahan BAP (0,0 mg L-1; 1 mg L-1; 1,5 mg L-1; 2 mg L-1) dan NAA (0,0 mg L-1; 0,5 mg L-1). Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi BAP 1 mg L-1 merupakan perlakuan yang paling baik dalam menghasilkan jumlah tunas, cabang, daun dan buku pada eksplan meristem interkalar. Pada eksplan meristem apikal, penambahan BAP dan NAA belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan eksplan. Meristem interkalar yang diberi auksin dan sitokinin berpotensi menjadi bahan alternatif eksplan meriklon kentang selain meristem apikal. The production of potato in Indonesia is low due to the limited number of high quality potato seeds produced from the conventional methods. The tissue culture methods can be used to produce high quality and virus-free seeds in more reliable number in a short time. Randomized Completely Design (RCD) was used as the experimental design consisted of two separate trial units namely intercalary meristem and apical meristem explants units with eight treatments and four replications of each. Murashige and Skoog (MS) was used as the base media added with BAP i.e. 0.0 mg L-1; 1 mg L-1; 1.5 mg L-1; 2 mg L-1 and NAA 0.0 mg L-1 and 0.5 mg L-1. Results showed that concentration of BAP 1 mg L-1 generated the best results on the number of shoots, branches, leaves and nodes on meristem intercalary explant. Meanwhile on apical meristem explant, the addition of BAP and NAA had not yet improved the explant growth. Intercalary meristem added with auxin and cytokinin is potential as alternative of mericlone explants material of potato besides the apical meristem.

scholarly journals Sanitization of potato varieties from the VIR collection against viruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
E. S. Bespalova ◽  
M. M. Agakhanov ◽  
S. B. Arkhimandritova ◽  
M. V. Erastenkova ◽  
Yu. V. Uhatova
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Potato Collection

Background. VIR’s potato collection is one of the oldest and richest; however, it is constantly exposed to viruses that negatively affect useful agronomic properties of tubers. Close monitoring of the phytosanitary state of potato accessions helps to select the most effective method of therapy for subsequent healing of infected plants and obtaining high-quality planting material.Materials and methods. The research was aimed at improving the health of 18 varieties of Solanum tuberosum L. from the VIR collection. Testing for the presence of viruses was based on the ICA and RTPCR techniques, and the consequent healing was performed using the methods of meristem culture and cryotherapy.Results and conclusions. During the field test of potato plants, PVX, PVS and PVA were found to be the most common viruses. PSTVd was completely absent in all tested accessions. The effectiveness of in vitro healing of potato plants from viruses was assesses using meristem culture. The percentage of healed plants was 0% for PVS, 0% for PVX, 33.4% for PVA, 50% for PLRV, 72.3% for PVY, and 83.4% for PVM. Healing with meristem culture was shown to be the most effective against PVY and PVM. While assessing the effectiveness of post-cryogenic restoration of potato microplants, the level of post-cryogenic regeneration of the shoot tips in potato microplants was determined at 22.3% on average for a sample. The minimum was observed in k-16762 ‘Sagita N’ (5%), and the maximum in k-1378 ‘Marta’ (41.7%). Analysis of the effectiveness of potato recovery from viruses by in vitro cryotherapy showed that the percentage of recovered plants was 100% for PVY, 100% for PVA, 88.9% for PVM, 77.8% for PVS, 44.4% for PVX. Thus, the techniques of apical meristem culture and cryotherapy proved to be effective against PVY, PVA and PVM viruses. However, in the case of multiple infections, it is necessary to combine elements of different healing protocols to increase the effectiveness of the healing procedure. 

Respon Pemberian Aspirin dan Kinetin Terhadap Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunita Prameswari ◽  
FNU Djenal ◽  
FNU Damanhuri
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L

Kebutuhan kentang yang semakin tinggi menyebabkan permintaan semakin meningkat. Rendahnya produksi kentang mengakibatkan berbagai upaya untuk peningkatan produksi terus dilakukan. Penggunaan metode kultur jaringan yaitu metode untuk mengisolasi bagian tanaman seperti protoplasma, sel, sekelompok sel, jaringan dan organ dalam kondisi aseptik, sehingga dapat diperbanyak dan beregenerasi menjadi tanaman utuh dapat dijadikan alternatif pemenuhan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan pembentukan umbi mikro kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) varietas granola kembang secarain vitro dengan menggunakan dua faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu aspirin dengan tiga taraf (5,10,15) ppm. Faktor kedua yaitu kinetin dalam tiga taraf (8,10,12) ppm. Penelitian menggunakan seluruh propagul kentang yang berumur 30 hari setelah subkultur dan data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi aspirin dan kinetin tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar, kedinian umbi, dan bobot umbi. Interaksi perlakuan terbaik bagi pembentukan tunas yaitu A2K1 aspirin 10 ppm dan kinetin 8 ppm sedangkan Interaksi perlakuan terbaik pada parameter jumlah umbi yaituA3K2 aspirin 15 ppm dan kinetin 10.

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

scholarly journals Expression Level of Mature miR172 in Wild Type and StSUT4-Silenced Plants of Solanum tuberosum Is Sucrose-Dependent

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Varsha Garg ◽  
Aleksandra Hackel ◽  
Christina Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Cut Leaves

In potato plants, the phloem-mobile miR172 is involved in the sugar-dependent transmission of flower and tuber inducing signal transduction pathways and a clear link between solute transport and the induction of flowering and tuberization was demonstrated. The sucrose transporter StSUT4 seems to play an important role in the photoperiod-dependent triggering of both developmental processes, flowering and tuberization, and the phenotype of StSUT4-inhibited potato plants is reminiscent to miR172 overexpressing plants. The first aim of this study was the determination of the level of miR172 in sink and source leaves of StSUT4-silenced as well as StSUT4-overexpressing plants in comparison to Solanum tuberosum ssp. Andigena wild type plants. The second aim was to investigate the effect of sugars on the level of miRNA172 in whole cut leaves, as well as in whole in vitro plantlets that were supplemented with exogenous sugars. Experiments clearly show a sucrose-dependent induction of the level of mature miR172 in short time as well as long time experiments. A sucrose-dependent accumulation of miR172 was also measured in mature leaves of StSUT4-silenced plants where sucrose export is delayed and sucrose accumulates at the end of the light period.

Оценка влияния отдельных факторов на производство безвирусных мини-клубней картофеля

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Елена Васильевна Шищенко ◽  
Елена Николаевна Барсукова
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L

Одним из этапов технологического процесса производства оригинального семенного картофеля является выращивание оздоровленных пробирочных микрорастений в весенне-летней теплице для получения мини-клубней. Исследования проводили в Приморском крае на оздоровленных безвирусных пробирочных растениях картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.) сорта Метеор, размноженных методом микрочеренкования в культуре in vitro. Данный сорт был выбран вследствие его скороспелости. В ходе эксперимента при выращивании микрорастений изучено влияние сочетания факторов — объем пробирок, состав почвенного грунта и площадь питания растения на производство мини-клубней картофеля в условиях искусственного освещения. Дана оценка продуктивности пробирочных растений и определена роль основного фактора, влияющего на выход мини-клубней картофеля сорта Метеор, в лабораторных условиях. Установлено, что основное влияние на производство стандартных мини-клубней картофеля оказал состав почвенного грунта. Максимальное количество стандартных мини-клубней картофеля сорта Метеор (209,3 и 156,1 шт./м2) получено в вариантах опыта при использовании грунта с содержанием элементов питания: фосфора — 1380 мг/кг, калия — 1425 мг/кг, азота — 1394 мг/кг, органического вещества — 66,7 %.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Changes the Impact of Potato Virus Y on Growth and Stress Tolerance of Solanum tuberosum L. in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Deja-Sikora ◽  
Anita Kowalczyk ◽  
Alina Trejgell ◽  
Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska ◽  
Christel Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
The Impact
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