scholarly journals Ensuring power balance in a hybrid power system with a standby generator

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8 (114)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Kuznietsov ◽  
Olga Lysenko ◽  
Andrii Chebanov ◽  
Dmytro Zhuravel
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Local System ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
System States ◽  
Random Fluctuations

The combination of several non-guaranteed random energy sources (RES), conventional sources, and nonconstant consumer loads in a local system leads to stochastic power imbalances. This study objective consists in determining the possibilities of ensuring the power balance in a hybrid power generation system with a standby generator and a search for the methods of calculating the optimal parameters to achieve energy balance. This objective is achieved by simulating the processes inherent in wind and solar power engineering and the regimes of energy consumption through a combination of random functions with a standard probability distribution. Aggregated data on weather factors for several years in a region with a high renewable energy potential which can be used to describe the behavior of wind and solar energy over time were used as experimental data. The use of multiple simulations of random processes with calculated parameters has made it possible to draw conclusions about the presence of certain ratios of power and the generator control modes. These ratios can determine minimum energy and consumption losses, reduce the likelihood of energy imbalance, more efficiently use the reserved power. Specific features of the stochastic nature of RES related to the presence of trends and random fluctuations at short hourly intervals were additionally taken into account. Possibilities of varying the conditions of and switching on and off of the standby generator were provided. The existence of some ranges was established for the installed power of the generator outside which its use becomes inefficient. The proposed approach makes it possible to find the probability of various system states, assess the reliability of energy supply, and minimize unproductive losses.

scholarly journals Optimal Sizing for Wind/PV/Battery System Using Fuzzy c-Means Clustering with Self-Adapted Cluster Number

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Hong-Kun Chen ◽  
Bing-Qing Huang ◽  
Yu-Bo Tao
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Optimal Sizing ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Clustering ◽  
System States

Integrating wind generation, photovoltaic power, and battery storage to form hybrid power systems has been recognized to be promising in renewable energy development. However, considering the system complexity and uncertainty of renewable energies, such as wind and solar types, it is difficult to obtain practical solutions for these systems. In this paper, optimal sizing for a wind/PV/battery system is realized by trade-offs between technical and economic factors. Firstly, the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm was modified with self-adapted parameters to extract useful information from historical data. Furthermore, the Markov model is combined to determine the chronological system states of natural resources and load. Finally, a power balance strategy is introduced to guide the optimization process with the genetic algorithm to establish the optimal configuration with minimized cost while guaranteeing reliability and environmental factors. A case of island hybrid power system is analyzed, and the simulation results are compared with the general FCM method and chronological method to validate the effectiveness of the mentioned method.

scholarly journals Robust dexterous telemanipulation following object-orientation commands

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Montaño ◽  
Raúl Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Local System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Dexterous Manipulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Hand Kinematics ◽  
System States ◽  
High Level

Purpose This paper aims to present a procedure to change the orientation of a grasped object using dexterous manipulation. The manipulation is controlled by teleoperation in a very simple way, with the commands introduced by an operator using a keyboard. Design/methodology/approach The paper shows a teleoperation scheme, hand kinematics and a manipulation strategy to manipulate different objects using the Schunk Dexterous Hand (SDH2). A state machine is used to model the teleoperation actions and the system states. A virtual link is used to include the contact point on the hand kinematics of the SDH2. Findings Experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed approach with different objects, varying the initial grasp configuration and the sequence of actions commanded by the operator. Originality/value The proposed approach uses a shared telemanipulation schema to perform dexterous manipulation; in this schema, the operator sends high-level commands and a local system uses this information, jointly with tactile measurements and the current status of the system, to generate proper setpoints for the low-level control of the fingers, which may be a commercial close one. The main contribution of this work is the mentioned local system, simple enough for practical applications and robust enough to avoid object falls.

scholarly journals “Memory of Water” Experiments Explained with No Role Assigned to Water: Pattern Expectation after Classical Conditioning of the Experimenter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Beauvais
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
System States ◽  
Forced Return ◽  
Random Fluctuations ◽  
The Relationship

The “memory of water” experiments suggested the existence of molecular-like effects without molecules. Although no convincing evidence of modifications of water – specific of biologically-active molecules – has been reported up to now, consistent changes of biological systems were nevertheless recorded. We propose an alternate explanation based on classical conditioning of the experimenter. Using a probabilistic model, we describe not only the biological system, but also the experimenter engaged in an elementary dose-response experiment. We assume that during conventional experiments involving genuine biologically-active molecules, the experimenter is involuntarily conditioned to expect a pattern, namely a relationship between descriptions (or “labels”) of experimental conditions and corresponding biological system states. The model predicts that the conditioned experimenter could continue to record the learned pattern even in the absence of the initial cause, namely the biologically-active molecules. The phenomenon is self-sustained because the observation of the expected pattern reinforces the initial conditioning. A necessary requirement is the use of a system submitted to random fluctuations with autocorrelated successive states (no forced return to the initial position). The relationship recorded by the conditioned experimenter is, however, not causal in this model because blind experiments with an “outside” supervisor lead to a loss of correlations (i.e., system states randomly associated to “labels”). In conclusion, this psychophysical model allows explaining the results of “memory of water” experiments without referring to water or another local cause. It could be extended to other scientific fields in biology, medicine and psychology when suspecting an experimenter effect.

Design of Hybrid Portable Underwater Turbine Hydro and Solar Energy Power Plants: Innovation to Use Underwater and Solar Current as Alternative Electricity in Dusun Dongol Sidoarjo

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Anggara Trisna Nugraha ◽  
Dadang Priyambodo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
The Government

The need for electrical energy in Indonesia continues to increase every year. In line with the increase in the electrification ratio to 100% in 2050, the demand for electrical energy is projected to reach 7 times, namely 1,611 TWh. To meet electricity needs, the government has created a 35 GW program, but one of the largest contributors to power generation fuel is coal with a share of 58% or around 50 GW which is estimated to be exhausted within the next 68 years. For this reason, innovations are needed in terms of fulfilling electrical energy by utilizing renewable energy potential, one of which is hydro energy, which is 45,379 MW from a total resource of 75,091 MW. Therefore, from this potential, innovations related to renewable energy have been created, namely the Hybrid Portable Underwater Turbine Hydro and Solar Energy hybrid power plant. This power plant uses an undersea current as a propulsion which is hybridized with solar power to increase the production of electrical energy. This power plant has the advantage that there is an Underwater turbine design that is resistant to underwater flow and a water flow direction to increase the work efficiency of the underwater turbine. From the test results, the portable Underwater turbine hydro produces 950 W in a day. Solar panels produce 65.6 Watts a day. The total hybrid that can be produced is 1.02 kW a day. In its implementation it can supply loads of up to 900 (VA) such as lamps, fans, TV, etc. This hybrid power plant can be a solution to help meet electricity needs in the area around Dusun Dongol, Sidoarjo through alternative electrical energy innovations.

scholarly journals Power balance of a hybrid power source in a power plant for a small propulsion aircraft

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bataller-Planes ◽  
Nieves Lapena-Rey ◽  
Jonay Mosquera ◽  
Fortunato Orti ◽  
J. A. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Source

scholarly journals Perancangan Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Hibrida (Energi Angin Dan Matahari) Menggunakan Hybrid Optimization Model For Electric Renewables (HOMER)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Anjas Starlen Arota ◽  
Hesky S. Kolibu ◽  
Benny M. Lumi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Hybrid Optimization ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Wind Energy Potential ◽  
Hybrid Optimization Model

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sistem pembangkit listrik hibrida (energi angin dan matahari) menggunakan software HOMER. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem pembangkit listrik hibrida (Energi angin dan matahari) menggunakan software HOMER. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh potensi radiasi matahari sebesar 8,073 kWh/m2 setiap hari dan potensi energi angin sebesar 2,3 m/s. Nilai NPC tertinggi sebesar $171.447 dan terendah sebesar $61,.811. Nilai COE tertinggi sebesar 1.,663 $/kWh dan terendah sebesar 0,599 $/kWh.A research on hybrid power system (wind and solar energy) had been done. This study was aimed to design hybrid power system (wind and solar energy) by using HOMER software. The research resulted in potential solar radiation of 8.073 kWh/m2 per day and wind energy potential of 2.3 m/s. The highest NPC value was $ 171,447 and the lowest one was $ 61,811. The highest COE value was $ 1.663/kWh and the lowest one was 0.599 $/kWh.

scholarly journals “Memory of Water” Experiments Explained with No Role Assigned to Water: Pattern Expectation after Classical Conditioning of the Experimenter

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Beauvais
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
System States ◽  
Forced Return ◽  
Random Fluctuations ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. The “memory of water” experiments suggested the existence of molecular-like effects without molecules. Although no convincing evidence of modifications of water – specific of biologically-active molecules – has been reported, consistent changes of biological systems were nevertheless recorded. We propose an alternate explanation based on classical conditioning of the experimenter.Methods. Using a probabilistic modelling, we describe not only the biological system, but also the experimenter engaged in an elementary dose-response experiment. We assume that during conventional experiments involving genuine biologically-active molecules, the experimenter is involuntarily conditioned to expect a pattern, namely a relationship between the descriptions (or “labels”) of experimental conditions and the corresponding biological system states.Results. The modelling predicts that the conditioned observer could continue to record the learned pattern even in the absence of the initial cause, namely biologically-active molecules. The phenomenon is self-sustained since the observation of the expected pattern reinforces the initial conditioning. A necessary requirement is the use of a system submitted to random fluctuations with autocorrelated successive states (no forced return to the initial position). The relationship observed by the conditioned observer is however not causal and has a quantum-like structure. The modelling predicts also that blind experiments with an “outside” supervisor lead to a loss of correlations (i.e. system states randomly associated to “labels”). Conclusion. This psychophysical modelling allows explaining the results of “memory of water” experiments without referring to water or another local cause. It could be extended to other scientific fields in biology, medicine and psychology when an experimenter effect is suspected.

scholarly journals Power Balance of a Hybrid Power Source in a Power Plant for a Small Propulsion Aircraft

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2856-2866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bataller-Planes ◽  
Nieves Lapena-Rey ◽  
Jonay Mosquera ◽  
Fortunato OrtÍ ◽  
Jesus Á. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Source
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