scholarly journals Feasibility of Total Body Score (TBS) and Accumulated Degree Days (ADD) in the Estimation of Postmortem Interval for Forensic Murder Casework

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Young Sam Kim ◽  
Jong Hee Kim ◽  
Kwang Sang Yoon ◽  
Bong Soo Kweon ◽  
Young Sik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Total Body Score ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

scholarly journals Microbial neoformation of volatiles: implications for the estimation of post-mortem interval in decomposed human remains in an indoor setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Ann-Sofie Ceciliason ◽  
M. Gunnar Andersson ◽  
Emma Lundin ◽  
Håkan Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Total Body Score ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Pmi Estimation ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine if a relationship between microbial neoformation of volatiles and the post-mortem interval (PMI) exists, and if the volatiles could be used as a tool to improve the precision of PMI estimation in decomposed human remains found in an indoor setting. Chromatograms from alcohol analysis (femoral vein blood) of 412 cases were retrospectively assessed for the presence of ethanol, N-propanol, 1-butanol, and acetaldehyde. The most common finding was acetaldehyde (83% of the cases), followed by ethanol (37%), N-propanol (21%), and 1-butanol (4%). A direct link between the volatiles and the PMI or the degree of decomposition was not observed. However, the decomposition had progressed faster in cases with microbial neoformation than in cases without signs of neoformation. Microbial neoformation may therefore act as an indicator of the decomposition rate within the early decomposition to bloating stages. This may be used in PMI estimation based on the total body score (TBS) and accumulated degree days (ADD) model, to potentially improve the model’s precision.

scholarly journals Comparison of Accumulated Degree-Days and Entomological Approaches in Post Mortem Interval Estimation

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Franceschetti ◽  
Jennifer Pradelli ◽  
Fabiola Tuccia ◽  
Giorgia Giordani ◽  
Cristina Cattaneo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Total Body Score ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Death Investigation ◽  
Indoor Conditions ◽  
Medicolegal Death Investigation ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

Establishing the post mortem interval (PMI) is a key component of every medicolegal death investigation. Several methods based on different approaches have been suggested to perform this estimation. Among them, two methods based their evaluation on the effect of the temperature and time on the considered parameters: total body score (TBS)/accumulated degree-days (ADDs) and insect development. In this work, the two methods were compared using the results of minPMI and PMI estimates of 30 forensic cases occurring in northern Italy. Species in the family Calliphoridae (Lucilia sericata, Calliphora vomitoria and Chrysomya albiceps) were considered in the analyses. The results highlighted the limits of the TBS/ADD method and the importance of the entomological approach, keeping in mind that the minPMI is evaluated. Due to the fact that the majority of the cases occurred in indoor conditions, further research must also be conducted on the different taxa to verify the possibility of increasing the accuracy of the minPIM estimation based on the entomological approach.

Using accumulated degree-days to estimate postmortem interval from the DNA yield of porcine skeletal muscle

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Larkin ◽  
Stephen Iaschi ◽  
Ian Dadour ◽  
Guan K. Tay
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Dna Yield ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

Postmortem Interval (PMI) Estimation Method using Accumulated Degree-days (ADD) Suitable for Korea Climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
Kyong Yang Sim ◽  
Tae Hwa Song ◽  
Na Jin Kim ◽  
Da Eun Lee ◽  
Cheol Ho Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Pmi Estimation ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

scholarly journals Using Estimated On-Site Ambient Temperature Has Uncertain Benefit When Estimating Postmortem Interval

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Dourel ◽  
Thierry Pasquerault ◽  
Emmanuel Gaudry ◽  
Benoît Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Original Data ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Temperature Correlation ◽  
Correlation Data ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

The forensic entomologist uses weather station data as part of the calculation when estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). To reduce the potential inaccuracies of this method caused by the distance between the crime scene and the meteorological station, temperature correlation data from the site of the corpse may be used. This experiment simulated the impact of retrospective weather data correction using linear regression between seven stations and sites in three climatic exposure groups during three different seasons as part of the accumulated degree days calculation for three necrophagous species (Diptera: Calliphoridae). No consistent benefit in the use of correlation or the original data from the meteorological stations was observed. In nine cases out of 12, the data from the weather station network limited the risk of a deviation from reality. The forensic entomologist should be cautious when using this correlation model.

scholarly journals RELATION OF POSTMORTEM CHANGES DEVELOPMENT AND EXACT POSTMORTEM INTERVAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
E. Grygorian ◽  
V. Olkhovsky ◽  
M. Gubin
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Postmortem Changes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Total Body Score ◽  
Total Body

RELATION OF POSTMORTEM CHANGES DEVELOPMENT AND EXACT POSTMORTEM INTERVAL Grygorian E., Olkhovsky V., Gubin M. Purpose: Precise postmortem interval’s evaluation is crucial in cases when violent types of death are suspected by forensic medical examiner. There are different factors that could affect results of postmortem interval (PMI) evaluation by forensic medical expert. The aim of this study was to study connections between the known postmortem time interval and the degree of particular postmortem changes’ development. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 116 forensic medical examinations of deceased persons (of female persons n = 58, of males n = 58), in cases of non-violent death, was performed. Data about time of death was obtained from police preliminary records provided to the examination - only cases with known time of death prescription were included to study. Postmortem changes were evaluated by Total Body Score (TBS) [1] at equal time interval after death (48 hours ± 3 hours). Interconnection between postmortem changes degree and PMI was estimated using Spearman’s rank correlation. Difference between sexes was evaluated using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: “Thickness of clothes” criterion reached the highest positive correlation coefficient, “ambient temperature” criterion had also a significant positive correlation. The rest of studied criteria had very weak correlation with the development of postmortem changes. Conclusions: Several criteria had significant (p < 0.05), yet week, impact on the postmortem changes’ development. The other criteria were statistically insignificant. Keywords: forensic medicine, forensic medical examination, postmortem interval, thanatology.   Резюме. ЗВ’ЯЗОК РОЗВИТКУ ПОСТМОРТАЛЬНИХ ЗМІН І ДАВНОСТІ НАСТАННЯ СМЕРТІ Григорян Е.К., Ольховський В.О., Губін М.В. Мета: Точна оцінка терміну, що пройшов з моменту настання смерті, має вирішальне значення у випадках, коли судово-медичний експерт підозрює насильницькі види смерті. Існують різні фактори, які можуть вплинути на результати оцінки давності настання смерті (ДНС) судово-медичним експертом. Метою даного дослідження було вивчення зв’язку між відомою давністю настання смерті і ступенем розвитку конкретних посмертних змін. Матеріали та методи: Було проведено аналіз 116 судово-медичних експертиз померлих осіб (жінок n = 58, чоловіків n = 58) у випадках ненасильницької смерті. У дослідження були включені тільки випадки з відомим терміном давності настання смерті, дані про час настання смерті були отримані із супровідної документації правоохоронних органів, наданої на експертизу. Посмертні зміни оцінювали за методом Total Body Score (TBS) [1] через однаковий проміжок часу після настання смерті (48 годин ± 3 години). Взаємозв’язок між ступенем посмертних змін і ДНС був оцінений з використанням рангової кореляції Спірмена. Різниця між статями була оцінена з використанням U-критерію Манна-Уїтні. Результати: Критерій «товщина одягу» мав найвищий позитивний коефіцієнт кореляції, критерій «температура навколишнього середовища» також мав значну позитивну кореляцію. Решта вивчених критеріїв мали дуже слабку кореляцію з розвитком посмертних змін. Висновки: Кілька критеріїв мали значний (р <0,05), але слабкий вплив на розвиток посмертних змін. Решта критеріїв були статистично незначущими.  Ключові слова: судова медицина, судово-медична експертиза, давність настання смерті, танатологія.   Резюме. СВЯЗЬ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОСТМОРТАЛЬНЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ И ДАВНОСТИ НАСТУПЛЕНИЯ СМЕРТИ Григорян Э.К., Ольховский В.А., Губин Н.В. Цель: Точная оценка срока, прошедшего с момента наступления смерти, имеет решающее значение в случаях, когда судебно-медицинский эксперт подозревает насильственные виды смерти. Существуют различные факторы, которые могут повлиять на результаты оценки давности наступления смерти (ДНС) судебно-медицинским экспертом. Целью данного исследования было изучение связей между известной давностью наступления смерти и степенью развития конкретных посмертных изменений. Материалы и методы: Был проведен анализ 116 судебно-медицинских экспертиз умерших лиц (женщин n = 58, мужчин n = 58) в случаях ненасильственной смерти. В исследование были включены только случаи с известным сроком давности наступления смерти, данные о времени наступления смерти были получены из сопроводительной документации правоохранительных органов, предоставленной на экспертизу. Посмертные изменения оценивали по методу Total Body Score (TBS) [1] через одинаковый промежуток времени после наступления смерти (48 часов ± 3 часа). Взаимосвязь между степенью посмертных изменений и ДНС была оценена с использованием ранговой корреляции Спирмена. Различие между полами было оценено с использованием U-критерия Манна-Уитни. Результаты: Критерий «толщина одежды» имел наивысший положительный коэффициент корреляции, критерий «температура окружающей среды» также имел значимую положительную корреляцию. Остальные изученные критерии имели очень слабую корреляцию с развитием посмертных изменений. Выводы: Несколько критериев оказали значительное (р <0,05), но слабое влияние на развитие посмертных изменений. Остальные критерии были статистически незначимыми. Ключевые слова: судебная медицина, судебно-медицинская экспертиза, давность наступления смерти, танатология.

Using Accumulated Degree-Days to Estimate the Postmortem Interval from Decomposed Human Remains

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary S. Megyesi ◽  
Stephen P. Nawrocki ◽  
Neal H. Haskell
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

scholarly journals Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) using accumulated degree-days (ADD) in a temperate region of South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 229 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 165.e1-165.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolandie Myburgh ◽  
Ericka N. L’Abbé ◽  
Maryna Steyn ◽  
Piet J. Becker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Postmortem Interval ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

scholarly journals GAMETHOGENESIS OF PACIFIC SALMONS. 1. DEVELOPMENT OF GONAD IN YOUNG CHUM SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KETA WALBAUM UNDER VARIOUS TEMPERATURE REGIMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
O. V. Zelennikov
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

Early stages of gametogenesis in young chum salmon are investigated under various temperature regimes at three fish farms of Sakhalin region and in laboratory conditions. In all cases, sex differentiation started after the mass hatching, the age of differentiation varied from 65 to 213 days, but the sum of accumulated degree-days was rather stable — from 620.6 to 669.1. The period from the beginning of sex differentiation to the beginning of previtellogenesis lasted 27–144 days depending on conditions, even for fish in the same fish farm. The lower was the water temperature after the beginning of sex differentiation, the smaller sum of degree-days was accumulated by fish before the beginning of previtellogenic growth of oocytes and the shorter was the period of oocyte growth before the fish release from the farm. The period of previtellogenesis in chum salmon always began before the end of larval period, when weight of the yolk sac was from 1.8 to 18.2 % of the total body weight.

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