scholarly journals DISCHARGE RELATION FOR SMALL PARSHALL FLUME IN FREE FLOW CONDITION

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalam Singh .
Keyword(s):  
Flow Condition ◽  
Free Flow

Calibration 7" – Cutthroat Flume as New Size for Discharge Measurement at Free Flow Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (12A) ◽  
pp. 1783-1789
Author(s):  
Jaafar S. Matooq ◽  
Muna J. Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Flow Condition ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
State Flow ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Throat Width

 This paper aims to conduct a series of laboratory experiments in case of steady-state flow for the new size 7 ̋ throat width (not presented before) of the cutthroat flume. For this size, five different lengths were adopted 0.535, 0.46, 0.40, 0.325 and 0.27m these lengths were adopted based on the limitations of the available flume. The experimental program has been followed to investigate the hydraulic characteristic and introducing the calibrated formula for free flow application within the discharge ranged between 0.006 and 0.025 m3/s. The calibration result showed that, under suitable operation conditions, the suggested empirical formulas can accurately predict the values of discharge within an error ± 3%.

Experimental Investigation of Unsteady Flow in a Transonic Uni-Stage Axial Compressor

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Satish Kumar ◽  
Dilipkumar Bhanudasji Alone ◽  
Shobhavathy M. Thimmaiah ◽  
Janaki Rami Reddy Mudipalli ◽  
Ranjan Ganguli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Condition ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Stall Inception ◽  
Mach Number Distribution ◽  
Asymmetric Rotor

Detailed steady and unsteady experimental measurements and analysis were performed on a Single stage Transonic Axial Compressor with asymmetric rotor tip clearance for studying the compressor stall phenomena. The installed compressor had asymmetric tip clearance around the rotor casing varying from about 0.65mm to 1.25mm. A calibrated 5-hole aerodynamic probe was traversed radially at exit of rotor and showed the characteristics of increased flow angle at lower mass flow rates for all the speeds. Mach number distribution and boundary layer effects were also clearly captured. Unsteady measurements for velocity were carried out to study the stall cell behavior using a single component calibrated hotwire probe oriented in axial and tangential directions for choke/free flow and near stall conditions. The hotwire probe was traversed radially across the annulus at inlet to the compressor and showed that the velocity fluctuations were dissimilar when probe was aligned axial and tangential to the flow. Averaged velocities across the annulus showed the reduction in velocity as stall was approached. Axial mean flow velocity decreased across the annulus for all the speeds investigated. Tangential velocity at free flow condition was higher at the tip region due to larger radius. At stall condition, the tangential velocity showed decreased velocities at the tip and slightly increased velocities at the hub section indicating that the flow has breakdown at the tip region of the blade and fluid is accelerated below the blockage zone. The averaged turbulent intensity in axial and tangential flow directions increased from free flow to stall condition for all compressor rated speeds. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the raw signals at stall flow condition showed stall cell and its corresponding frequency of occurrence. The stalling frequency of about half of rotational speed of the rotor along with large tip clearance suggests that modal type stall inception was occurring.

scholarly journals Theoretical Comparison of the Effects of Different Traffic Conditions on Urban Road Environmental External Costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3541
Author(s):  
Mohammad Maghrour Zefreh ◽  
Adam Torok
Keyword(s):  
Flow Condition ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Saturated Flow ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Accelerated Flow

External costs that are associated with air pollution, climate change linked to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and noise are among the most important environmental externalities that are generated by road transport, which have been well monetized. This paper theoretically investigates the effects of different traffic conditions on the environmental external costs of urban roads where traffic flow is more complicated than un-interrupted traffic flows. A Monte Carlo method is used to theoretically simulate traffic speed in different traffic conditions. Subsequently, the emitted carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and noise were estimated in each of the theoretically simulated traffic conditions. Finally, the environmental external costs in each traffic condition were calculated taking the EU average costs values into account. The results showed that, when compared to free-flow condition, the total air pollutant and GHG external costs (€2010) have been increased by 6%, 31%, 44%, 50%, and 93% in under-saturated flow, accelerated flow, decelerated flow, congestion, and over-saturated congestion, respectively. Furthermore, the total noise cost (€2010/year/person exposed), as compared to free-flow condition, has been decreased by 2%, 11%, 12%, 36%, and 69% in accelerated flow, under-saturated flow, congestion, over-saturated congestion, and decelerated flow, respectively.

Discharge Relation for Cutthroat Flume under Free-Flow Condition

2007 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek L. Manekar ◽  
Prakash D. Porey ◽  
Ramesh N. Ingle
Keyword(s):  
Flow Condition ◽  
Free Flow
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