scholarly journals In vitro micropropagation of Anthurium andraeanum through thin cell layer culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Trần Thị Ngọc Lan ◽  
Trần Thị Hoàn Anh
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Embryogenic Cells ◽  
Anthurium Andreanum

Anthurium is a kind of major cut flower species and economically important genera in the family Araceae. A regeneration system of Anthurium andreanum from callus culture is studied along with improving propagation process. Optimal medium for callus formation from the longitudinal thin cell layer leaf culture was ½ MS (Murashige, Skoog, 1962) supplemented with 30 g/l sucrose, 1 g/l casein hydrolysate (CH), 8 g/l agar, 1.5 mg/1 BA and 0.2 mg/1 2,4-D (the induction callus rate of 77.33%). Calli multiplied with 21.45-fold fresh mass increase when they were subcultured once 60 days on the ½ MS supplemented with 1 g/l CH, 30 g/l sucrose, 1,5 mg/l BA and 8 g/l agar. The highest ratio of shoot induced from callus culture was also on this medium (18.54 shoots per explants). The medium ½ MS supplemented with 20 g/l sucrose, 1 g/l AC, 8 g/l agar and without plant growth regulators is the most suitable one for root formation of these multiple-shoots. The highest survival rate is observed with substrate mixture of fern moss and rice husk ash in the ratio of 1:1 (gave the best regeneration rate of 100% in the ex vitro culture) and no morphological variations were observed in these plantlets after about thirty days,acclimatized in the greenhouse. Histological observation showed that these calli contained embryogenic cells with their fast growth.It could be an alternative tool for propagation and preservation of Anthurium andreanum, a valuable cultivar.

scholarly journals High Frequency Plant Regeneration System from Transverse Thin Cell Layer Section of In vitro Derived ‘Nadia’ Ginger Microrhizome

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Dikash Singh THINGBAIJAM ◽  
Devi Sunitibala HUIDROM
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Transverse Thin Cell Layer ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

An efficient and reproducible procedure is outlined for rapid in vitro multiplication of Zingiber officinale var. ‘Nadia’ through high frequency shoot proliferation from transverse thin cell layer (tTCL) sections of in vitro derived microrhizome. In vitro derived microrhizome of size 500 μm in thickness was used as initial explants for induction of somatic embryos. Among the different phytohormones tested, tTCL explants shows maximum calli proliferation in medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (88.30±0.11%). Reduced concentration of 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was supplemented with different cytokinins for regeneration of callus. Among the different medium tested, optimum redifferentiation of somatic embryos were observed in medium containing 0.2 mg/L 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6.0 mg/L BAP (141.08±0.25). Clump of regenerated plantlets were further subculture and transfer into microrhizome inducing medium containing high sucrose concentration (8%). Plantlets with well developed microrhizome were successfully acclimatized and eventually transferred to the field. The application of studying embryo section for regeneration of plants might be useful alternative to ginger improvement programme. Histological analysis showed formation of somatic embryos and regenerated adventitious shoot.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120G-1120
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of some apricot cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Irina Vjacheslavovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Kuzmina ◽  
Nina Pavlovna Lesnikova-Sedoshenko ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Dolgov
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Propagation Methods

ABSTRACT Apricot is one of the most valuable commercial fruits. In vitro propagation of apricot is very important for rapid multiplication of cultivars with desirable traits and production of cleaning up and virus-free plants. Low frequency of multiplication is the main limiting factor for traditional propagation methods. In this regard, the objective of our investigation was to study the morphogenetic capacity of apricot leaf explants of the promising cultivars ‘Iskorka Tavridy’, ‘Magister’ and ‘Bergeron’ for regeneration system development and solving some breeding questions. The source of explants was in vitro plants regenerated and cultured on QL medium. Leaves were maintained in the dark at 24±1 °C in thermostat for three-four weeks. Morphogenic callus and structures were mainly formed at the central and proximal parts of leaves on MS, QL and WPM media with 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 IAA in different combinations, or TDZ (0.6 and 1.3 mg L-1). Callus with adventive buds was transferred to regeneration medium and placed into a growth chamber at 24±1 °C and 16-hour photoperiod with a light intensity of 37.5 μmol m-2 s-1. The best results were obtained when adaxial leaf surface was in contact with the culture medium. Frequency of leaf callus formation on MS medium with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1 IAA was higher in the explants of ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ (80.0%) than in - ‘Bergeron’ (50.0%) and ‘Magister’ (36.7%). The best results of callogenesis for ‘Magister’ was obtained on MS medium with 1.3 mg L-1 TDZ (53.3%). Active microshoot regeneration in ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ cultivar was shown on MS medium with BAP and IAA and in ‘Magister’ cultivar - on MS medium with TDZ. Rhizogenesis was obtained on half strength MS medium with 2.0 mg L-1 IBA.

scholarly journals SHOOT REGENERATION FROM LEAF TISSUES OF AMERICAN ELM AND SIBERIAN ELM.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 584f-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Cheng ◽  
N. O. Shi ◽  
L. Tokach ◽  
B. K. Gaschk
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Shoot regeneration was obtained from leaf tissues of American (Ulmus americana) and Siberian elm (U. pumila) seedlings germinated in vitro and in greenhouse. Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962) media supplemented with 4 levels of BA (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 μM) and 3 levels of IBA (0, 2.5, 5.0 μM) were tested in a factorial design to find an optimal hormonal combination for shoot regeneration. Shoot regeneration was obtained from both species within 3-4 weeks in a wide range of media. The highest regeneration rate (50%) of American elm was in the medium containing 10 μM BA and 2.5 μM IBA. Incubation under the light was essential for a higher rate of regeneration. Gelrite was found as a better solidifying agent than agar. The progress is under way to achieve transgenic elms by combining this regeneration system with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120g-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles enhanced efficiency of explant surface disinfection and somatic embryogenesis in Begonia tuberous via thin cell layer culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-347
Author(s):  
Hoang Thanh Tung ◽  
Hoang Thi Van ◽  
Huynh Gia Bao ◽  
Le The Bien ◽  
Hoang Dac Khai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Thin Cell Layer Culture

In vitro culture establishment is one of the most important stages in micropropagation. The disinfectant effectiveness depends on the type of surface disinfectant, concentration and the time treatment. In this initial study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as a disinfectant for petioles, flower stalks and stems of Begonia tuberous. In addition, thin cell layer culture (TCL) technique has been applied for the purpose of somatic embryogenesis. The results showed that AgNPs were effective in eliminating infectious microorganisms on B. tuberous explants; which were identified included 4 species of fungi (Fusarium sp., Aspergillus aculeatus, Trichoderma sp. and Penicillium sp.) and 1 species of bacteria (Pseudomonas sp.). At concentrations of 200 ppm and 300 ppm, AgNPs were not only effective in disinfection but also increased the induction rate of somatic embryogenesis in flower stalk TCL explants (approximately 40.00%); a similar effect was observed in stem TCL explants at the same concentration. Meanwhile, for petiole TCL explants, the induction rate of somatic embryogenesis was optimal when using AgNPs at a concentration of 100 - 300 ppm to disinfected the explant. In contrast, at high (400 ppm) or low (50 ppm) concentrations of AgNPs did not play a disinfecting role and stimulated somatic embryogenesis. In addition, explants derived from AgNPs sterilization did not show any abnormalities in somatic embryogenesis with shapes such as globular, heart, torpedo, and cotyledon. AgNPs showed double efficacy in sterilization of explants and improved efficiency of somatic embryogenesis from TCL petioles, flower stalks and stems explants; thus increasing the efficiency micropropagation of B. tuberous.

scholarly journals An efficient regeneration system through in vitro somatic embryogenesis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
M Haque ◽  
SMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Media ◽  
Barley Genotypes

This study was carried out to improve an efficient protocol for in vitro callus induction and plant regeneration using Bangladeshi barley genotypes collected from BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh. After sterilization embryos were separated carefully from mature seeds of six barley genotypes (BB-1, BB-2, BB-3, BB-4, BB-5 and BB-6) and cultured them in MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination of PGRs for callus induction and regeneration. Out of six genotypes BB-6 showed highest (38.17%) callus induction in MS + 4.0 mg/l 2,4-D + 200 mg/l L-proline + 300 mg/l casein hydrolysate; whereas, BB-4 and BB-5 showed no callus induction in the same medium. For plant regeneration from embryogenic calli the same genotype (BB-6) also performed the best results (19.25%) in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 30 g/l sucrose. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences among the media and the genotypes. J. bio-sci. 27: 89-99, 2019

IN VITRO CULTURE OF WHEAT TISSUES. I. CALLUS FORMATION, ORGAN REDIFFERENTIATION AND SINGLE CELL CULTURE

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shimada ◽  
T. Sasakuma ◽  
K. Tsunewaki
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Callus Cell ◽  
Basal Media

Callus induction, organ formation from callus and single callus cell culture have been tried in wheat. Though kinetin showed no effects, supplements of 2,4-D (1~10mg/1) or IAA (50mg/1) to the basal media induced calluses from seedling roots of einkorn, emmer and common wheats, and from stem pieces of common wheat. The best callus growth was obtained when casein hydrolysate (1g/1) or coconut milk (1%) was added to the basal media. Callus growth was also vigorous when 2,4-D (0.5~2.0mg/1) was added. Root formation from callus took place in all kinds of tested media, except those containing no growth factors or supplemented with 2,4-D at high concentrations (1~5mg/1). Shoot formation occurred in six cases and no growth factors were found to be specifically effective on shoot differentiation. Two plants were restored and reached maturity. Calluses of common wheat consisted of eudiploid and aneuploid cells at almost the same frequencies. The great majority of aneuploid cells had 42 ± 3 chromosomes. The restored plants showed normal chromosome constitution. Single callus-cell suspensions were obtained by the liquid culture of seeds in a shaker. A filtrate of the single cell suspension was plated on a solid agar medium, and some colonies were formed. However, plating efficiency was very low and colony growth was slow.

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