Expression of adipocytokine in heart fat depots depending on the degree of coronary artery atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Gruzdeva ◽  
Yulia A. Dyleva ◽  
Ekaterina V. Belik ◽  
Olga E. Akbasheva ◽  
Daria A. Borodkinа ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Artery Disease

Background. In coronary artery disease, a change in the adipocytokine content of local fat depots of the heart is observed. However, it has not yet been established whether the expression levels of the studied parameters are really related to the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the spacecraft. Aims to identify the features of the expression of adiponectin, leptin and IL-6 by adipocytes of epicardial, perivascular and subcutaneous adipose tissue depending on the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary channel in coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. The study conducted at the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease in 20172020, included 84 patients with coronary heart disease (CAD), of which 39 with a moderate degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary artery (CA) ( 22 points on the SYNTAX Score scale), 20 with severe (2331 points) and 25 with extremely severe ( 32 points). Biopsies of subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) were obtained during elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The expression of adipocytokine genes was determined using polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) using TaqMan probes and the concentration of the studied adipocytokines in adipocyte culture medium by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 9.0, a one-dimensional and multi-dimensional logistic regression analysis. Results. In CAD in adipocytes of the cardiac fat depot, a shift in the balance of adipocytokines is observed towards increased expression and secretion of leptin, IL-6 and a decrease in adiponectin with maximum manifestation in severe and extremely severe coronary lesions. Adipocytes of EAT were characterized by the minimal expression of the adiponectin gene against the background of the maximum leptin and IL-6 in comparison with adipocytes SAT and PVAT. Conclusions. Low expression of the adiponectin in EAT and PVAT against the background of increased expression of leptin and IL-6 is associated with an increase in the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary channel.

scholarly journals Associations of adipocytokine expression and cardiovascular risk factors in stable coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 4318
Author(s):  
E. V. Belik ◽  
O. V. Gruzdeva ◽  
Yu. A. Dyleva ◽  
D. A. Borodkina ◽  
M. Yu. Sinitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Artery Disease

Aim. To determine the expression of adiponectin, leptin and I interleukin-6 (IL-6) in subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue, depending on the presence of cardiovascular risk factors.Material and methods. The study included 90 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Samples of adipose tissue were obtained during surgery. The levels of matrix ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of the studied adipocytokines were determined in the presence/absence of the main cardiovascular risk factors.Results. Differences in the expression of genes of the studied adipocytokines in different sex and age groups of patients were revealed, depending on the tissue belonging of adipocytes. Expression of adiponectin in the epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue (EАT and PVAT, respectively), as well as of leptin in the PVAT was less pronounced in men. However, the level of IL-6 mRNA in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of men was three times higher than in women, and in the PVAT it was lower. The maximum expression of leptin and IL-6 in the EAT and PVAT was found in persons aged 50-59 years. The presence of dyslipidemia is associated with a decrease in the expression of adiponectin in the EAT, PVAT, and IL-6 in the PVAT. In patients with hypertension (HTN), there was a low level of adiponectin mRNA in the EAT against the background of high leptin levels in the EAT and IL-6 in SAT and EAT. In hypertension with a duration of more than 20 years, there was a decrease in adiponectin expression and an increase in leptin in all types of AT. In smokers, an increase in the expression of adiponectin in the SAT, EAT, PVAT and leptin in the SAT, EAT was found.Conclusion. Associations of traditional cardiovascular risk factors with imbalance of adipocytokines of local fat depots in patients with CAD were revealed. The detected imbalance is manifested by a decrease in the expression of cardioprotective adiponectin in the EAT, PVAT, an increase in leptin and IL-6, which is an unfavorable sign. The presence of such risk factors as male sex, age of 50-59 years, dyslipidemia and hypertension in patients can enhance atherogenesis and contribute to the further progression of CAD.

scholarly journals Adiponectin gene expression in local fat depots in patients with coronary heart disease depending on the degree of coronary lesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
E. V. Belik ◽  
O. V. Gruzdeva ◽  
O. E. Akbasheva ◽  
Yu. A. Dyleva ◽  
D. A. Borodkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Lesion ◽  
Fat Depots

Aim. To determine the dependence of adiponectin gene expression by subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular adipocytes on the degree of coronary lesion in coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. 84 patients with coronary artery disease were examined. Of these, 39 people showed a moderate degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed (less than or equal to 22 points) on the SYNTAX Score scale, 20 severe (2231 points), and 25 extremely severe (more than 32 points). Upon admission to the hospital, all patients underwent an echocardiographic study (Echocardiography, Acuson, Germany) with the calculation of the ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle (LV) to assess its systolic function. During a planned surgical intervention (coronary bypass surgery, CABG), adipocytes of subcutaneous, epicardial (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) were taken. Adiponectin gene expression was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) using TaqMan probes. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 9.0. Results. The maximum level of adiponectin expression was detected in adipocytes of PVAT, and the minimum EAT. With an increase in the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed, the expression of the adiponectin gene in adipocytes of local depots significantly decreases r=-0.82; p=0.023. Moreover, the low level of gene expression in EAT correlated with a decrease in LV EF by r=0.73; p=0.03. In adipocytes of subcutaneous and especially PVAT, gene expression was the highest in patients with a moderate degree of coronary lesion. Conclusions. Low adiponectin gene expression in EAT is associated with an increase in the degree of atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary bed and a decrease in LV EF.

scholarly journals Influence of visceral obesity on the secretion of adipokines with epicardial adipocytes in patients with coronary heart disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
O V Gruzdeva ◽  
A D Borodkina ◽  
O E Akbasheva ◽  
Yu A Dileva ◽  
L V Antonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease

Aim. To study adipokine-cytokine profile of epicardial adipocytes (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in conjunction with the area of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), biochemical and clinical characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. Examined 84 patients (70 men and 14 women) with coronary artery disease. In fact the presence of visceral obesity (VO) the patients were divided into two groups. Patients VO the sampling of adipocytes of EAT and SAT, with subsequent cultivation and evaluation of adipokine and provospalitelna activity. Carried out the determination of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, adipokine and pro-inflammatory status in the blood serum. Results and discussion. It was found that adipokine-cytokine profile of adipocytes of EAT and SAT differ. Adipocytes art of the disease on the background characterized by an increase IL-1, TNF-α, leptin-adiponectin relationships and a decrease in the content of protective factors: adiponectin and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. While the SAT adipocytes was characterized by a decrease in the concentration of soluble receptor for leptin and the more pronounced leptinresistance, and the increase in proinflammatory cytokines was offset by the increase in the concentration of IL-10. The presence associated with multi-vessel coronary bed lesion, multifocal atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, an imbalance of adipokines and markers of inflammation. So the value of the square VAT determined higher concentrations of leptin, TNF-α in adipocytes and serum, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and a lower content of soluble receptor for leptin. Conclusion. Thus, the disease on the background of the status of the adipocytes of EAT characterized as a "metabolic inflammation", and may indicate the direct involvement of adipocytes in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease, due to the formation of adipokine imbalance and the activation of proinflammatory reactions.

Prediction of atherosclerosis in children and the possibility of early prevention of coronary heart disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
O. I. Pikuza ◽  
V. N. Oslopov ◽  
H. M. Vakhitov ◽  
A. A. Babushkina ◽  
S. E. Nikolsky
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Cerebrovascular Pathology ◽  
Artery Disease

Cardiovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular pathology, etc.) are responsible for 40-50% of all deaths in adults. Of particular concern to clinicians is the emerging unfavorable tendency to "rejuvenate" these diseases. Currently, the fact that atherosclerosis (AS) begins to form in childhood and adolescence is indisputable.

Errors during the exercise test for the diagnosis of Coronary heart disease: negative result in the presence of three-vessel coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
L. A. Popova ◽  
N. L. Karpina ◽  
M. I. Chushkin ◽  
S. Y. Mandrykin ◽  
V. M. Janus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Exercise Ecg ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Vessel Coronary Artery

The exercise ECG test is traditionally the first choice in patients with suspected CHD, as the most accessible, despite the fact that its sensitivity and specificity are 68 % and 77 %, respectively. Description of a clinical case of multivessel coronary artery disease in a patient with a negative result of exercise ECG test is presented.

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA / HYPOPNEA SYNDROME IN RAILWAY WORKERS WITH RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gorokhova ◽  
◽  
N. Belozerova ◽  
M. Buniatyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Railway Workers ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Step Algorithm ◽  
Hypopnea Syndrome

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA) is a common condition that may lead to excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive disturbance, and a decreased concentration that are associated with the risk of workplace accidents and injuries. It is difficult to diagnose OSA due to low severity and specificity of its symptoms and special requirements in respect of medical resources. We assumed that it would be more effective and cost-efficient to diagnose OSA in railway workers with such risk factors f coronary heart disease as arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders since this group receives comprehensive medical attention. However, no studies on the prevalence of OSA in railway workers specifically considered the risk factors for coronary artery disease. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of OSA in railway workers with confirmed cardiovascular and metabolic disorders that did not disqualify them from their job. Material and methods. The study included 967 railway workers (locomotive drivers and their assistants). On Stage 1, a group of participants suspected OSA was selected; and on Stage 2, a group of participants with confirmed OSA was formed. Polysomnography or cardiorespiratory monitoring were used to diagnose OSA. Results. We developed a two-step algorithm of OSA diagnosis that included a preliminary assessment of the probability of OSA. 236 (24.4%) participants with a probability of OSA were selected among the initial 967 persons with risk factors for coronary artery disease. Further assessment confirmed OSA in 141 (60%) participants in this group. The analysis of distribution of risk factors for coronary artery disease and OSA showed that 125 (53.0%) of patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², 115 (48.7%) of patients with AH, and 26 (11.0%) of patients with type 2 diabetes had OSA; most of them had some combination of these risk factors. Conclusions: OSA is prevalent in the group of professionally active locomotive drivers and their assistants with risk factors for coronary heart disease; every second worker in a target group with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², AH or with both risk factors was diagnosed with OSA. The proposed two-step algorithm with a pre-test assessment of OSA probability and subsequent instrumental examination (cardiorespiratory monitoring, polysomnography) allows to accurately diagnosis OSA and allocate medical resources in a cost-effective manner.

scholarly journals Expression of adipocytokine genes and their content in various adipose tissue sites in patients with heart diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Gruzdeva ◽  
Yulia Dyleva ◽  
Ekaterina Belik ◽  
Daria Borodkina ◽  
Maxim Sinitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Adipose tissue (AT) is an endocrine and paracrine organ that synthesizes biologically active adipocytokines, which affect inflammation, fibrosis, and atherogenesis. Epicardial and perivascular fat depots are of great interest owing to potential effects on the myocardium and blood vessels. Objective To assess expression and secretion of adipocytokine genes in adipose tissue in patients coronary artery disease (CAD) and patients with aortic or mitral valve replacement. Methods The study included 84 patients with CAD and 50 patients with aortic or mitral valve replacement. Adipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT), and perivascular AT (PVAT) samples. Isolated adipocytes were cultured for 24 h after which, gene expression and secretion levels of selected adipokines and cytokines in the culture medium were determined. Results The study parameters differed depending on the adipose tissue location. EAT adipocytes in CAD patients were characterized by a pronounced imbalance in the adipokine system. EAT had the lowest adiponectin gene expression and secretion, regardless of nosology and high expression levels of the leptin gene, its receptor, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected. High leptin and IL-6 levels resulted in increased pro-inflammatory activity, as observed in both EAT and PVAT adipocytes, especially in individuals with coronary artery disease. Conclusion The "protective" potential of adipose tissue depends on its location.

scholarly journals Клинический случай гигантской аневризмы правой коронарной артерии

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. KOMAROV ◽  
A.YU. FEDOTKINA ◽  
E.V. MERKULOV ◽  
I.V. FEDOTENKOV ◽  
V.M. MIRONOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Artery Disease

Представлен клинический разбор больного с ишемической болезнью сердца, многососудистым поражением коронарного русла и гигантской аневризмой коронарной артерии. Рассмотрены возможные подходы к выбору медикаментозного и инвазивного лечения.There was presented a clinical discussion of the patient with coronary heart disease, multivessel coronary artery disease and huge aneurysm of coronary artery. Potential approaches to selecting conservative and invasive treatment were discussed.

Chronic Stable Angina

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Scirica ◽  
J. Antonio T. Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Chronic Stable Angina ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Artery Disease

By definition, chronic stable angina is angina that has been stable with regard to frequency and severity for at least 2 months. Chronic stable angina is the initial manifestation of coronary heart disease in approximately 50% of patients. Typically, this type of angina occurs in the setting of atherosclerotic coronary arterial narrowing, although other causes are possible. This review covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, initial evaluation, differential diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with chronic stable angina. Figures show noninvasive testing and the probability of coronary artery disease; diagnosis of patients with suspected ischemic heart disease; probability of severe coronary artery disease; coronary outcomes for high- versus low-intensity statin therapy; optimal medical therapy (OMT) versus OMT and percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic angina; OMT versus percutaneous coronary intervention for stable coronary heart disease; and coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention for diabetes and coronary artery disease. Tables list the grading of angina pectoris by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification system, the differential diagnosis of chest pain, conditions promoting myocardial oxygen supply and demand mismatch, the features of typical angina, the classification of chest pain, a comparison of the pretest likelihood of coronary heart disease (CHD) in low-risk and high-risk symptomatic patients, the posttest probability of significant CHD based on pretest probabilities of CHD and normal or abnormal results of noninvasive studies, survival according to risk groups based on Duke treadmill scores, high- and moderate-intensity statin therapy, revascularization to improve survival compared with medical therapy, revascularization to improve symptoms with significant anatomic (≥ 50% left main or ≥ 70% nonleft main coronary artery disease) or physiologic (fractional flow reserve ≤ 0.80) coronary artery stenoses, and questions recommended by an expert panel for patients with chronic stable angina at follow-up visits. This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 13 tables, and 109 references.

Echocardiographic wall motion abnormalities in patients with stroke may warrant cardiac evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 792-795
Author(s):  
Shadi Yaghi ◽  
Andrew D Chang ◽  
Brittany A Ricci ◽  
Brian MacGrory ◽  
Shawna Cutting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wall Motion Abnormalities ◽  
Artery Disease

BackgroundThe aetiology of wall motion abnormalities (WMA) in patients with ischaemic stroke is unclear. We hypothesised that WMAs on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the setting of ischaemic stroke mostly reflect pre-existing coronary heart disease rather than simply an isolated neurocardiogenic phenomenon.MethodsData were retrospectively abstracted from a prospective ischaemic stroke database over 18 months and included patients with ischaemic stroke who underwent a TTE. Coronary artery disease was defined as history of myocardial infarction (MI), coronary intervention or ECG evidence of prior MI. The presence (vs absence) of WMA was abstracted. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between coronary artery disease and WMA in models adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 1044 patients who met inclusion criteria; 139 (13.3%, 95% CI 11.2% to 15.4%) had evidence of WMA of whom only 23 (16.6%, 95% CI 10.4% to 22.8%) had no history of heart disease or ECG evidence of prior MI. Among these 23 patients, 12 had a follow-up TTE after the stroke and WMA persisted in 92.7% (11/12) of patients. In fully adjusted models, factors associated with WMA were older age (OR per year increase 1.03, 95% 1.01 to 1.05, p=0.009), congestive heart failure (OR 4.44, 95% CI 2.39 to 8.33, p<0.001), history of coronary heart disease or ECG evidence prior MI (OR 27.03, 95% CI 14.93 to 50.0, p<0.001) and elevated serum troponin levels (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.75, p=0.031).ConclusionIn patients with ischaemic stroke, WMA on TTE may reflect underlying cardiac disease and further cardiac evaluation may be considered.

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