scholarly journals Candida in malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Pooja Rathod ◽  
Manjushri Waingade ◽  
Madhura Mahajan ◽  
Daya K. Jangam
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia

scholarly journals Importance of the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis for Malignant Transformation and Risk Assessment of Oral Leukoplakia

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Jutta Ries ◽  
Abbas Agaimy ◽  
Falk Wehrhan ◽  
Christoph Baran ◽  
Stella Bolze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The programmed cell death ligand 1/programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) Immune Checkpoint is an important modulator of the immune response. Overexpression of the receptor and its ligands is involved in immunosuppression and the failure of an immune response against tumor cells. PD-1/PD-L1 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared to healthy oral mucosa (NOM) has already been demonstrated. However, little is known about its expression in oral precancerous lesions like oral leukoplakia (OLP). The aim of the study was to investigate whether an increased expression of PD-1/PD-L1 already exists in OLP and whether it is associated with malignant transformation. Material and Methods: PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was immunohistologically analyzed separately in the epithelium (E) and the subepithelium (S) of OLP that had undergone malignant transformation within 5 years (T-OLP), in OLP without malignant transformation (N-OLP), in corresponding OSCC and in NOM. Additionally, RT-qPCR analysis for PD-L1 expression was done in the entire tissues. Additionally, the association between overexpression and malignant transformation, dysplasia and inflammation were examined. Results: Compared to N-OLP, there were increased levels of PD-1 protein in the epithelial and subepithelial layers of T-OLP (pE = 0.001; pS = 0.005). There was no significant difference in PD-L1 mRNA expression between T-OLP and N-OLP (p = 0.128), but the fold-change increase between these groups was significant (Relative Quantification (RQ) = 3.1). In contrast to N-OLP, the PD-L1 protein levels were significantly increased in the epithelial layers of T-OLP (p = 0.007), but not in its subepithelial layers (p = 0.25). Importantly, increased PD-L1 levels were significantly associated to malignant transformation within 5 years. Conclusion: Increased levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 are related to malignant transformation in OLP and may represent a promising prognostic indicator to determine the risk of malignant progression of OLP. Increased PD-L1 levels might establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which could favor immune escape and thereby contribute to malignant transformation. Hence, checkpoint inhibitors could counteract tumor development in OLP and may serve as efficient therapeutic strategy in patients with high-risk precancerous lesions.

scholarly journals Malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: a multicentric retrospective study in Brazilian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
JM. Cerqueira ◽  
FS. Pontes ◽  
AR. Santos-Silva ◽  
OP. Almeida ◽  
RF. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia

scholarly journals ALDH1 and podoplanin expression patterns predict the risk of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umma Habiba ◽  
Kyoko Hida ◽  
Tetsuya Kitamura ◽  
Aya Yanagawa Matsuda ◽  
Fumihiro Higashino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Podoplanin Expression

Nomogram for risk prediction of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia patients using combined biomarkers

Oral Oncology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglan Zhang ◽  
Ki-Yeol Kim ◽  
Zhenlong Zheng ◽  
Shadavlonjid Bazarsad ◽  
Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia

Association between hyperglycemia and the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia in China

Oral Diseases ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1402-1413
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Hong Hua
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia

scholarly journals Incorporation of differentiated dysplasia improves prediction of oral leukoplakia at increased risk of malignant progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon J. Wils ◽  
Jos B. Poell ◽  
Ilkay Evren ◽  
Marit S. Koopman ◽  
Elisabeth R. E. A. Brouns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Malignant Progression ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractOral leukoplakia is the most common oral potentially malignant disorder with a malignant transformation rate into oral squamous cell carcinoma of 1–3% annually. The presence and grade of World Health Organization defined dysplasia is an important histological marker to assess the risk for malignant transformation, but is not sufficiently accurate to personalize treatment and surveillance. Differentiated dysplasia, known from differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, is hitherto not used in oral dysplasia grading. We hypothesized that assessing differentiated dysplasia besides World Health Organization defined (classic) dysplasia will improve risk assessment of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. We investigated a retrospective cohort consisting of 84 oral leukoplakia patients. Biopsies were assessed for dysplasia presence and grade, and the expression of keratins 13 (CK13) and 17, known to be dysregulated in dysplastic vulvar mucosa. In dysplastic oral lesions, differentiated dysplasia is as common as classic dysplasia. In 25 out of 84 (30%) patients, squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract developed during follow-up. Considering only classic dysplasia, 11 out of 56 (20%) patients with nondysplastic lesions progressed. With the incorporation of differentiated dysplasia, only 2 out of 30 (7%) patients with nondysplastic lesions progressed. The risk of progression increased from 3.26 (Hazard ratio, p = 0.002) when only classic dysplasia is considered to 7.43 (Hazard ratio, p = 0.001) when classic and differentiated dysplasia are combined. Loss of CK13, combined with presence of dysplasia, is associated with greater risk of malignant progression (p = 0.006). This study demonstrates that differentiated dysplasia should be recognized as a separate type of dysplasia in the oral mucosa and that its distinction from classic dysplasia is of pathological and clinical significance since it is a strong (co)prognostic histopathological marker for oral malignant transformation. In oral lesions without dysplasia and retained CK13 staining the risk for progression is very low.

Laser excision of oral leukoplakia: Does it affect recurrence and malignant transformation? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Oral Oncology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 104850
Author(s):  
Mariana de Pauli Paglioni ◽  
Cesar Augusto Migliorati ◽  
Isabel Schausltz Pereira Faustino ◽  
Bruno Augusto Linhares Almeida Mariz ◽  
Ana Luiza Oliveira Corrêa Roza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Laser Excision

scholarly journals Hospital-based epidemiological and clinical characterisation of the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia in a Chinese population

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-yue Lyu ◽  
Yu-si Guo ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
Hong Hua
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia
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