scholarly journals Personal Names of the Bulteger Tungus Clan of the Urulgin Steppe Duma (Based on Early 19th Century Census Lists)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-224
Author(s):  
Raisa G. Zhamsaranova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Far East ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The Common

The paper explores personal names of Tungusic people belonging to the Bulteger clan of the Urulgin Steppe Duma, based on State Archive census data from the Trans-Bailkal area of the early 19th century. This is a first approximation to creating a full corpus of male and female names of the Tungus within a particular clan including its population figures across different periods. The author establishes nationally motivated strategies of naming and uses morphemic analysis to draw correlations with Evenk names. In addition to the characteristic affix -cha of Evenk personal names (Bukacha, Iglancha, Irkencha, Kivuncha, Magalcha, Tevancha, Uvulcha, Cholboncha), the study has revealed some other affixes: -(v)ul (Gatavul, Genevul, Dekevul, Toepul / Toepvul), -ga/-gu/-ka (Wamchigu, Dambuga, Damkinka, Sopchinga, Eldinga, Emkinga). This multiplicity of name forms is due to both objective (e.g., dialectal differences) and subjective factors (phonetical spelling cases that distort the original name). It is concluded that the historical name-list of the Tungus-Orochon people of the Bulteger clan shares the common naming principles of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East. The article describes nine anthroponymic patterns. In terms of motivation, all of them reflect the ethnocultural specificity of Siberian aboriginal peoples attributable to the nomadic reindeer herding type of farming, lifestyle, and relationships between man and nature. The same archaic worldview is unconditionally reflected in the naming patterns. Based on semantic correlations between the anthroponymic stems of the studied names and appellatives of other Tungus-Manchu languages, the author also hypothesizes about the multi-ethnic structure of the vagrant Orochon tribes.

A New Species of Alniphagus (Col. Scolytidae) from Canada

1949 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 235-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl E. Schedl
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Far East ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Common ◽  
A New Species

Checking some North American genera of bark-beetles I found a series of Alniphagus Sw. which does not agree with the common species Alniphagus aspericollis from California and British Columbia and doubtless represents a new species. The genus therefore comprises now three distinct species, Alniphagus alni Nijs. from Japan and the Far East, A. aspericollis from British Columbia down to California and the new species A. hirsutus from Alnus sitchensis in B.C.

The treatment of syntax by some early 19th-century linguists

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Graffi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Common Core ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The One

Summary This article examines the views about syntax held by Humboldt, on the one hand, and by the founders of historical-comparative grammar (Bopp, Rask, Grimm, Pott, Schleicher), on the other. In general, it is noted that the grammaire générale tradition of 17th and 18th centuries still survives in the work of such scholars, despite of all criticism they seemingly raised against it. For Humboldt, the common core of all languages has its source in the identity of human thought; also his treatment of the verb and especially his reference to a ‘natural’ word order (i.e., SVO) are clearly reminiscent of this tradition. Traces thereof are also found in Bopp’s analysis of Indo-European conjugation, and in some of Rask’s writings. For instance, Rask, just as Humboldt, assumes a ‘natural’ word order and proposes a list of possible syntactic forms which closely remind us of Girard’s membres de phrase. Grimm’s position appears as more innovative, heavily influenced by a Romantic view of language, but some older conceptions sometimes show up in his work, e.g., when he deals with the notion of ‘subject’. Pott does not completely reject general grammar and a logically-based view of language; he only stresses the need of a more empirical approach than that adopted by the 17th and 18th century linguists. This picture radically changed with Steinthai and Schleicher: the former scholar pronounced a ‘divorce’ between grammar and logic, while the latter one argued that syntax does not belong to linguistics proper and rejected any possibility of postulating syntactic distinctions which do not have any direct morphological correlate.

scholarly journals Paganate kookidest seakõrvadeni. Transkultuuriline rännak ühe toidu jälgedes läbi sajandite ja kokaraamatute

2017 ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Inna Põltsam-Jürjo
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Food History ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century

From “heathens’ cakes” to “pig’s ears”: tracing a food’s journey across cultures, centuries and cookbooks It is intriguing from the perspective of food history to find in 19th and 20th century Estonian recipe collections the same foods – that is, foods sharing the same names – found back in European cookbooks of the 14th and 15th centuries. It is noteworthy that they have survived this long, and invites a closer study of the phenomenon. For example, 16th century sources contain a record about the frying of heathen cakes, a kind of fritter, in Estonia. A dish by the same name is also found in 18th and 19th century recipe collections. It is a noteworthy phenomenon for a dish to have such a long history in Estonian cuisine, spanning centuries in recipe collections, and merits a closer look. Medieval European cookbooks listed two completely different foods under the name of heathen cakes and both were influenced from foods from the east. It is likely that the cakes made it to Tallinn and finer Estonian cuisine through Hanseatic merchants. It is not ultimately clear whether a single heathen cake recipe became domesticated in these parts already in the Middle Ages. In any case, heathen cakes would remain in Estonian cuisine for several centuries. As late as the early 19th century, the name in the local Baltic German cuisine referred to a delicacy made of egg-based batter fried in oil. Starting from the 18th century, the history of these fritters in Estonian cuisine can be traced through cookbooks. Old recipe collections document the changes and development in the tradition of making these cakes. The traditions of preparing these cakes were not passed on only in time, but circulated within society, crossing social and class lines. Earlier known from the elites’ culture, the dish reached the tables of ordinary people in the late 19th and early 20th century. In Estonian conditions, it meant the dish also crossed ethnic lines – from the German elite to the Estonian common folk’s menus. In the course of adaptation process, which was dictated and guided by cookbooks and cooking courses, the name of the dish changed several times (heydenssche koken, klenätid, Räderkuchen, rattakokid, seakõrvad), and changes also took place in the flavour nuances (a transition from spicier, more robust favours to milder ones) and even the appearance of the cakes. The story of the heathen cakes or pig’s ears in Estonian cuisine demonstrates how long and tortuous an originally elite dish can be as it makes its way to the tables of the common folk. The domestication and adaptation of such international recipes in the historical Estonian cuisine demonstrates the transregional cultural exchange, as well as culinary mobility and communication.

scholarly journals “Our Position and Purposes on the Pacific Coast”: The Far East Development in the Perception of the Military Thinker P. F. Unterberger (1898)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1215-1227
Author(s):  
Konstantin A. Medvedev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Far East ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article is devoted to the Russian military and statesman P. F. Unterberger and his views on the position of the Russian Empire in the Far East in the late 19th century. The source of the article is the P. F. Unterberger’s note, which demonstrates primary objectives of Russia in the region. It is a part of P. F. Unterberger’s fond in the Russian State Military History Archive (RGVIA). The note was written in the late 19th century and is noteworthy not only as a source, revealing aspects of external and internal policy of Russia, but as an attempt of a Russian general to make a project of the Far East’s development. Therefore, on the basis of his note, the article strives to assess intellectual tendencies and processes of the era. Of primary importance for P. F. Unterberger was military presence of Russia in the Far East. He pointed out that strategic importance of the region had significantly increased in the late 19th century. He saw one of the main aims of the Russian Empire in acquiring an ice-free port in the Far East. The need to connect the Far Eastern periphery with Central Russia prompted him to address the problem of transport development. Thus, P. F. Unterberger underscored the necessity of the Trans-Siberian Railway construction. He focused on relations between Russia and other states. P. F. Unterberger urged Russia to establish cordial relations with China, the biggest state of the Far East. On England, which also had its interests on the Pacific coast, he held a different view. Japan he considered Russia’s most dangerous enemy in the region. There are some results in the article’s conclusion. The note of P. F. Unterberger shows some intellectual tendencies of the turn of the 20th centuries. One of them was the idea of “yellow peril.” However, of most significance is the source itself. Such complex theories subsequently have become a part of the scholarship known as “geopolitics.”

scholarly journals Mythical images in the novel “The Great Wang” by N. A. Baykov

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Shuangting Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ecological Literature ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Lotus Flower ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Context

This article analyzes the mythical images in the novel “The Great Wang” by N. A. Baykov. In this work, the writer depicts such mythical images as the tiger – Great Wang, the wise old man – Tong Li, and the lotus flower. The tiger is assigned a significant role in many works by N. A. Baykov – the novels “The Great Wang”, “Tigress”, “The Black Captain”, “On The Hills and Woods of Manchuria”, as well as the scientific articles “The Manchurian Tiger”, “Tigers in The Far East”, "Tiger Hunting" , etc. The unique peculiarity of the novel under review lies in combination of the expressive techniques of Western literature with the exotic themes of Eastern nature, simple natural worldview of inhabitants of the East. The specifics of the novel lies in the fact that the idea “The Great Wang” is based on the Chinese folk myths and legends, which attach a rather mystical and mythical hue. All forest animals anthropomorphized by the writer have their own thoughts and emotions. The conclusion is made that using mythical images, the well versed in the Chinese culture and folklore writer, combined mythical images with his narrative, and expressed his opinion on the man – nature relations. N. A. Baykov was against anthropocentrism, and advocated for the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. In the current context of deterioration of environmental situation, the reflected in “The Great Wang” ecological problems deserve attention of each one of us. The name of N. A. Baykov should be inscribed in the history of the world ecological literature.

Revival and Survival in Iugra

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Ruttkay-Miklián
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Far East ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
The North ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Common

In the administrative usage of the Soviet Union, the category “minor peoples of the North” embraced 26 ethnic groups of the North and the Far East. According to 1989 data, the populations of these groups ranged from 179 to 34,190 and together totaled 181,500. In addition to being small in numbers, the common denominators of the groups include a northern location and dependence on such sources of livelihood as hunting, reindeer herding, and fishing. Furthermore, some of these peoples remain nomadic or semi-nomadic.

scholarly journals The Education Systems of Germany and Other European Countries of the 19th Century in the View of American and Russian Classics: Horace Mann and Konstantin Ushinsky

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Common School ◽  
The Common ◽  
European Education ◽  
American Founder ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with comparative studies of the American founder of the Common School and public education in the U.S.A., Horace Mann (1796-1859), and the founder of the Russian pedagogy and public school, Konstantin Ushinsky (1824-1870) . They were visiting several European education systems, in order to get inspirations for the reform activities in their own countries. In the early 19th century the education system in the German Kingdom of Prussia was considered the most progressive in Europe. The article shows what Mann, Ushinsky and others could learn from their comparisons, what they thought to be useful for their countries or what might be rather rejected. It is mostly about the question if and to which extent national educational experiences are importable, exportable and interchangeable. Some of the instructive findings of the American Horace Mann and the Russian Konstantin Ushinsky, but also their misconceptions are both historically relevant and of most currency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document