scholarly journals Retrospective study of 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-Like Malformation and Syringomyelia. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Surgical Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Catalina Anca CUCOS ◽  
Ates BARUT ◽  
Iuliana IONAȘCU ◽  
Radu CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
Constantin VLAGIOIU
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel ◽  
The Brain

Chiari-like malformation (CM) and Syringomyelia (SM) are complex neurological disorders, that affects the brain and respectively the spinal cord. These conditions affect certain toy breed dogs, among which the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breed is overrepresented, causing numerous clinical signs, of which the neurological pain is commonly observed.The purpose of this research was to describe the CM/SM magnetic resonance images, to discuss the medical management and to track the outcome of the patients. All of the 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs underwent surgical treatment, consisting of cranio-cervical decompression, combined with drug therapy.Thirteen of the 16 cases presented good results with clinical improvement of the symptomatology, escpecially decreasing the neuropathic pain, and increasing the quality of life. The other 3 cases presented no improvement of the symptomatology.

scholarly journals Alternating flexed-extended posturing in progressive supranuclear palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Ishii ◽  
Hitoshi Mochizuki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

A 69-year-old man who had been bedridden in nursing home because of a 5-year history of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) was admitted due to aspiration pneumonia. Besides neck dystonia in extension, he showed “alternating flexed–extended posturing”, in which the arm was flexed on one side and extended on the other. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed global cerebral atrophy that predominantly affected the cortex and midbrain. The mechanisms of complex posturing in late-stage PSP may sometimes be related to decortication and decerebration as well as dystonia, and “alternating flexed–extended posturing” might be one of the phenotypes of pathological progression in PSP.

scholarly journals Funkciono MR snimanje u detekciji elokventnih mozdanih zona

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.B. Sveljo ◽  
K.M. Koprivek ◽  
M.A. Lucic ◽  
Z. Markovic ◽  
M. Prvulovic
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Eloquent Areas ◽  
The Brain

Functional magnetic resonance imaging - fMRI is a relative new magnetic resonance technique that may be used for identification of eloquent cortical areas. Gold standard for detection of eloquent areas that should be preserved subsequent to resection is a direct cortical stimulation, which is invasive and frequently difficult to be performed. On the other hand, fMRI has proved to be a promising alternative with good time and spatial resolution. The paper explains the method of the functional MR imagining, origins of the signal and its relation to the neuronal activation. fMRI technique is illustrated by the example of the motor cortex identification. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging - fMRI is a relatively new MR application that can be used for detection of eloquent areas of the brain. The gold standard for identifying eloquent areas of the brain to be avoided in resections is direct cortical stimulation, which is an invasive and difficult procedure. On the other hand fMRI shows great promise as noninvasive alternative to invasive brain mapping with good temporal and spatial resolution. This paper introduces the technique of fMRI, explain the origin of the signal and his connections with neural activations. An illustrative example of a motor activation study is described.

scholarly journals Influence of partial k-space filling on the quality of magnetic resonance images

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Tiago da Silva Jornada ◽  
Camila Hitomi Murata ◽  
Regina Bitelli Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Space Acquisition ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equipment

Abstract Objective: To study the influence that the scan percentage tool used in partial k-space acquisition has on the quality of images obtained with magnetic resonance imaging equipment. Materials and Methods: A Philips 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner was used in order to obtain phantom images for quality control tests and images of the knee of an adult male. Results: There were no significant variations in the uniformity and signal-to-noise ratios with the phantom images. However, analysis of the high-contrast spatial resolution revealed significant degradation when scan percentages of 70% and 85% were used in the acquisition of T1- and T2-weighted images, respectively. There was significant degradation when a scan percentage of 25% was used in T1- and T2-weighted in vivo images (p ≤ 0.01 for both). Conclusion: The use of tools that limit the k-space is not recommended without knowledge of their effect on image quality.

Cerebral and Brain Stem Changes After ECT Revealed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mander ◽  
A. Whitfield ◽  
D. M. Kean ◽  
M. A. Smith ◽  
R. H. B. Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Nuclear magnetic resonance images of the brain were obtained in fourteen patients with major depression during a course of ECT. The T1, relaxation time rose immediately after the fit reaching a maximum 4–6 h later. The T1, values then returned to their original level; no long-term increase occurred over the course of treatment. These results are consistent with an extensive but temporary breakdown of the blood-brain barrier during ECT.

scholarly journals Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reconstruction Based on Nonconvex Low-Rank Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Chen ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Xuewen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Reconstruction

The quality of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction has heavy impact on clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a new reconstructive algorithm based on the L+S model. In the algorithm, the l1 norm is substituted by the lp norm to approximate the l0 norm; thus the accuracy of the solution is improved. We apply an alternate iteration method to solve the resulting problem of the proposed method. Experiments on nine data sets show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reconstruct dynamic magnetic resonance images.

scholarly journals Peritumoral (pseudo)cystic meningioma in a cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
V. Volckaert ◽  
E. Royaux
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Axial Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Brain

A nine-year-old, male, neutered domestic shorthair cat was referred with a three-month history of abnormal behavior. On neurological examination, the cat showed circling towards the left. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an extra-axial mass at the level of the left forebrain surrounded by a large peritumoral (pseudo)cyst. A left-sided rostrotentorial craniectomy to drain the fluid and to remove the tumor was performed. On histopathologic examination, the presence of a meningioma was confirmed. The owners did not report any clinical signs one year postoperatively.

scholarly journals Hypoxic-ischemic encefalopathy: Clinical course and prognosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Natasa Cosic-Cerovac ◽  
Slobodanka Todorovic ◽  
Nebojsa Jovic ◽  
Milica Prostran
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Neurological Development ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurological Finding ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background. Establishing the value of neurological examination, and additional diagnostic methods (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) in the diagnosis and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and its treatment, tracking the clinical course, and making the prognosis of neurological development in newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic encefalopathy. Methods. The group of 40 term newborn infants with suspected intrauterine asphyxia was examined. All the infants were prospectivelly followed untill the 3rd year of age at the Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth in order to estimate their neurological development and to diagnose the occurence of persistent neurological disorders. All the infants were analyzed by their gestational age and Apgar score in the 1st and the 5th minute of life. They were all examined neurologically and by ultrasonography in the first week of life and, repeatedly, at the age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, as well as in the 24th month of life. They were treated by the standard methods for this disease. Finally, all the infants were examined neurologically and by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in their 3rd year of age. On the basis of neurological finding infants were devided into 3 groups: infants with normal neurological finding, infants with mild neurological symptomatology, and infants with severe neurological disorders. Results. It was shown that neurological finding, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain positively correlated with the later neurological development of the infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Conclusion. Only the combined use of these techniques had full diagnostic and prognostic significance emphasizing that the integrative approach was very important in the diagnosis of brain lesions in infants.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of cerebral ventriculomegaly in felines using 0.25 Tesla and 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Przyborowska ◽  
Z. Adamiak ◽  
P. Holak ◽  
Y. Zhalniarovich ◽  
WS Maksymowicz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Field ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Brain

Twenty European shorthair cats with neurological disorders, aged 1–3 years and with body weights of 2.6–4.05 kg, were studied in low-field and high-field magnetic resonance imaging systems. Aims of the study were to evaluate the dilation of lateral ventricles in the examined population of cats with the use of quantitative analysis methods and to identify any differences in the results of low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging. The average brain height was determined to 27.3 mm, and the average volume of the brain was 10 699.7 mm<sup>3</sup>. Moderately enlarged ventricles were observed in 16 symptomatic cats. Moderate unilateral enlargement was observed in one cat. Mild ventricular asymmetry was described in four animals. The average difference in ventricular height between measurements obtained in low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging was 0.37 ± 0.16% and for ventricular volume it was 0.62 ± 0.29%. The magnetic resonance imaging scan did not reveal statistically significant differences in brain height or volume between healthy and cats with ventriculomegaly. The differences in the results of low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging were not statistically significant. Described findings could facilitate the interpretation of magnetic resonance images in cats with ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus.

scholarly journals The impact of reporting magnetic resonance imaging incidental findings in the Canadian alliance for healthy hearts and minds cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy M. Luu ◽  
Anand K. Sergeant ◽  
Sonia S. Anand ◽  
Dipika Desai ◽  
Karleen Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background In the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds (CAHHM) cohort, participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, heart, and abdomen, that generated incidental findings (IFs). The approach to managing these unexpected results remain a complex issue. Our objectives were to describe the CAHHM policy for the management of IFs, to understand the impact of disclosing IFs to healthy research participants, and to reflect on the ethical obligations of researchers in future MRI studies. Methods Between 2013 and 2019, 8252 participants (mean age 58 ± 9 years, 54% women) were recruited with a follow-up questionnaire administered to 909 participants (40% response rate) at 1-year. The CAHHM policy followed a restricted approach, whereby routine feedback on IFs was not provided. Only IFs of severe structural abnormalities were reported. Results Severe structural abnormalities occurred in 8.3% (95% confidence interval 7.7–8.9%) of participants, with the highest proportions found in the brain (4.2%) and abdomen (3.1%). The majority of participants (97%) informed of an IF reported no change in quality of life, with 3% of participants reporting that the knowledge of an IF negatively impacted their quality of life. Furthermore, 50% reported increased stress in learning about an IF, and in 95%, the discovery of an IF did not adversely impact his/her life insurance policy. Most participants (90%) would enrol in the study again and perceived the MRI scan to be beneficial, regardless of whether they were informed of IFs. While the implications of a restricted approach to IF management was perceived to be mostly positive, a degree of diagnostic misconception was present amongst participants, indicating the importance of a more thorough consent process to support participant autonomy. Conclusion The management of IFs from research MRI scans remain a challenging issue, as participants may experience stress and a reduced quality of life when IFs are disclosed. The restricted approach to IF management in CAHHM demonstrated a fair fulfillment of the overarching ethical principles of respect for autonomy, concern for wellbeing, and justice. The approach outlined in the CAHHM policy may serve as a framework for future research studies. Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02220582.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of 37 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Cătălina Anca Cucoș ◽  
Radu Constantinescu ◽  
Ateș Barut ◽  
Iuliana Ionașcu ◽  
Constantin Vlăgioiu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

Abstract Chiari-like malformation represents a congenital anomaly that affects the bony cranial base and the hindbrain, leading to fluid filled cavities formation in the spinal cord, condition named Syringomyelia. This paper aims to assess the variety of the clinical signs and to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging findings in thirty- seven Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs. The study was performed over a four-year period, from 2013 to 2017, all cases underwent neurological examination, full diagnostic work-up, including magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain, cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. Thirty-seven dogs were included in this study, 23 females and 14 males, with a mean age of 3.6±2.1years. The commonest clinical findings encountered were neuropathic pain and vocalization, seen in all 37 cases, followed by scratching, facial rubbing, paw licking, air licking, tail chasing, seizures and unilateral facial paralysis. Different grades of cerebellar herniation and cervical syrinxes were noted in all cases, other magnetic resonance imaging findings encountered were medullary kinking, presyrinx and ventriculomegaly. In establishing the diagnosis of the Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia, the breed, clinical history and the symptomatology are very important, but only magnetic resonance imaging technique can provide quantitative assessment of the nervous system lesions.

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