scholarly journals Hypoxic-ischemic encefalopathy: Clinical course and prognosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Natasa Cosic-Cerovac ◽  
Slobodanka Todorovic ◽  
Nebojsa Jovic ◽  
Milica Prostran
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Neurological Development ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurological Finding ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background. Establishing the value of neurological examination, and additional diagnostic methods (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) in the diagnosis and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and its treatment, tracking the clinical course, and making the prognosis of neurological development in newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic encefalopathy. Methods. The group of 40 term newborn infants with suspected intrauterine asphyxia was examined. All the infants were prospectivelly followed untill the 3rd year of age at the Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth in order to estimate their neurological development and to diagnose the occurence of persistent neurological disorders. All the infants were analyzed by their gestational age and Apgar score in the 1st and the 5th minute of life. They were all examined neurologically and by ultrasonography in the first week of life and, repeatedly, at the age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, as well as in the 24th month of life. They were treated by the standard methods for this disease. Finally, all the infants were examined neurologically and by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in their 3rd year of age. On the basis of neurological finding infants were devided into 3 groups: infants with normal neurological finding, infants with mild neurological symptomatology, and infants with severe neurological disorders. Results. It was shown that neurological finding, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain positively correlated with the later neurological development of the infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Conclusion. Only the combined use of these techniques had full diagnostic and prognostic significance emphasizing that the integrative approach was very important in the diagnosis of brain lesions in infants.

scholarly journals Opioid Overdose With Parkinsonian Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
Paul Cohen ◽  
Jason Hack
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Bilateral Lesions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

A 54-year-old man presented to the emergency department with confusion and Parkinsonian features after suspected heroin snorting. He had magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrating isolated symmetric bilateral globus pallidus (GP) restricted diffusion and edema consistent with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. In contrast to other anoxic/ischemic insults, where the GP is preferentially spared, autopsy reports on intravenous heroin users have found the GP to be specifically affected, often demonstrating symmetric bilateral lesions. Opioid toxicity should be considered in patients presenting with Parkinsonian features on examination or pallidal lesions on imaging, especially in younger adults where infarction is less common.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in newborn infants: Practical aspects

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda van Wezel-Meijler ◽  
Lara M. Leijser ◽  
Francisca T. de Bruïne ◽  
Sylke J. Steggerda ◽  
Jeroen van der Grond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Craniopharyngioma causing bilateral vision loss 4 months after unremarkable magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 392-394
Author(s):  
Rainy Betts ◽  
Curtis E. Margo ◽  
Mitchell Drucker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Suprasellar Cistern ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTA 65-year-old man developed bilateral vision loss 4 months after magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no lesion in the vicinity of the optic chiasm, hypothalamus, and suprasellar tissues. Repeat computed tomography 3 months later showed a predominantly cystic mass of the suprasellar cistern with extension into the anterior third ventricle, which histologically was a craniopharyngioma. The clinical course of this case fuels the controversy whether craniopharyngiomas arise from embryonic rests or can be acquired. From a clinical perspective, it raises questions about when to obtain imaging studies dedicated to the chiasm and the appropriate interval in which a scan should be repeated to exclude structural causes of bilateral vision loss.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-Like Malformation and Syringomyelia. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Surgical Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Catalina Anca CUCOS ◽  
Ates BARUT ◽  
Iuliana IONAȘCU ◽  
Radu CONSTANTINESCU ◽  
Constantin VLAGIOIU
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel ◽  
The Brain

Chiari-like malformation (CM) and Syringomyelia (SM) are complex neurological disorders, that affects the brain and respectively the spinal cord. These conditions affect certain toy breed dogs, among which the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breed is overrepresented, causing numerous clinical signs, of which the neurological pain is commonly observed.The purpose of this research was to describe the CM/SM magnetic resonance images, to discuss the medical management and to track the outcome of the patients. All of the 16 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs underwent surgical treatment, consisting of cranio-cervical decompression, combined with drug therapy.Thirteen of the 16 cases presented good results with clinical improvement of the symptomatology, escpecially decreasing the neuropathic pain, and increasing the quality of life. The other 3 cases presented no improvement of the symptomatology.

Сauses of Dizziness in Patients with Suspected Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
E. V. Shevchenko ◽  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
S. S. Petrikov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Suspected Stroke ◽  
The Brain

Background Acute dizziness may be the only symptom of stroke. Prevalence of this disease among patients with isolated dizziness differs significantly and depends on study design, inclusion criteria and diagnostic methods. In available investigations, we did not find any prospective studies where magnetic resonance imaging, positional maneuvers, and Halmagyi-Curthoys test had been used to clarify a pattern of diseases with isolated acute dizziness and suspected stroke.Aim of study To clarify the pattern of the causes of dizziness in patients with suspected acute stroke.Material and methods We examined 160 patients admitted to N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine with suspected stroke and single or underlying complaint of dizziness. All patients were examined with assessment of neurological status, Dix-Hollpike and Pagnini-McClure maneuvers, HalmagyiCurthoys test, triplex scans of brachiocephalic arteries, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with magnetic field strength 1.5 T. MRI of the brain was performed in patients without evidence of stroke by CT and in patients with stroke of undetermined etiology according to the TOAST classification.Results In 16 patients (10%), the cause of dizziness was a disease of the brain: ischemic stroke (n=14 (88%)), hemorrhage (n=1 (6%)), transient ischemic attack (TIA) of posterior circulation (n=1 (6%)). In 70.6% patients (n=113), the dizziness was associated with peripheral vestibulopathy: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n=85 (75%)), vestibular neuritis (n=19 (17%)), Meniere’s disease (n=7 (6%)), labyrinthitis (n=2 (1,3%)). In 6.9% patients (n=11), the cause of dizziness was hypertensive encephalopathy, 1.9% of patients (n=3) had heart rhythm disturbance, 9.4% of patients (n=15) had psychogenic dizziness, 0.6% of patients (n=1) had demyelinating disease, and 0.6% of patients (n=1) had hemic hypoxia associated with iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion In 70.6% patients with acute dizziness, admitted to hospital with a suspected stroke, peripheral vestibulopathy was revealed. Only 10% of patients had a stroke as a cause of dizziness.

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