scholarly journals In vitro Induction and Proliferation of Callus from Immature Cotyledons and Embryos of Juglans regia cv. 'Xiangling'

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Xiao-Dong CAI ◽  
Gui-Yuan WANG ◽  
Wen-Juan CAO
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
Immature Cotyledons

Callus holds great potential for biotechnology applications in plants. In this study, several experiments were performed to establish a protocol for in vitro induction of good quality callus by using immature cotyledons and embryos of Juglans regia cv. ‘Xiangling’ as the explants. DKW basal media supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators were applied to determine the induction rate, texture and color of the recovered callus. Results showed that the optimum culture medium for the callus induction from these explants was a DKW basal medium consisting of 1 mg/L BA, 2 mg/L KT 250 mg/L glutamine, 500 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 200 mg/L Vc, 50 g/L sucrose and 2.8 g/L Gelrite (i.e., the T8 medium). The average rate of callus induction on the medium reached 80.7% for the immature cotyledons and 66.7% for the immature embryos, and all the callus was characterized by a friable, creamy or yellow appearance. In vitro proliferation of callus was not very successful as a result of the fact that the friable callus with creamy or yellow color grew very slowly, whereas the fast-growing callus was easy to turn brown and died eventually. Even though further investigation will be required to overcome the problem of browning and assess the regeneration ability of the callus, this approach for the production of friable callus may have valuable applications for walnut and other woody trees.

scholarly journals In vitro answer of Bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Velichka Rodeva ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Velichka Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Level

Callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from three Bulgarian pepper varieties in MS basal medium supplemented with l-3mg/l BAP. l.0mg/1 IAA and 0.5mg/l GA3 was studied. In the different variants of culture medium was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all varieties. The highest percentage of plant-regenerants is established in cotyledon explants (from 3.3 to 18.3) in variant 3 of the culture medium containing 3mg/l BA. In the process of micropropagation by stem explants of the same studied pepper varieties the addition of the vitamins C. B12. Casein hydrolysate and Ferulic acid had a stimulation effect on the plant growth in height and rooting. In result of anther cultivation from three pepper varieties and four breeding lines the highest percentage of embryo structure formation was registered in varieties Albena and Strjama (12.0 and 13.8 respectively). The Bulgarian peppers are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer is different depending from the explants type, genotype and the culture media composition.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of six selected sugarcane mutant clones through leaf explants

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
R Purnamaningsih ◽  
D Sukmadjaja ◽  
S Suhesti ◽  
S Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Media Formulation ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract Six mutant clones of sugarcane with high productivity have been produced through tissue culture techniques combined with mutations using gamma-ray irradiation and Ethyl Methane Sulfonate. The six mutant clones have been tested for stability in the field. They are proven to have high productivity and yields, so that they are very potential to be developed as superior varieties. To support the planting material sufficiency of these clones, an efficient propagation method was needed. Media formulations with different physical properties and composition of growth regulators were tested to obtain high seedling propagation rates. The media formulation for callus induction was Murashige dan Skoog (MS) + 3 mg/l 2,4-D + 3 g/l casein hydrolysate + 3% sucrose and for shoot regeneration was MS + 0,5 mg/l BA + 0,1 mg/l IBA + 100 mg/l PVP and 2% sucrose. Shoot proliferation was carried out on MS liquid (1, ½) + (0.3; 0.5 mg/l) BA + 0.1 mg/l IBA + 1 mg/l Kinetin + (0; 0.5 mg/l) GA3+ sucrose 2%. The results showed that callus induction, callus regeneration, and shoot proliferation of sugarcane mutant clones were influenced by the genotype and medium composition. The fastest callus induction was obtained from the MSP-4 clone (5.82 days), and the longest was MSB-7 (8.82 days). The largest callus diameter was obtained from MSB-6 clone on MS medium containing 1 mg/l BA, 100 mg/l PVP, and 2% sucrose. The highest number of shoots was obtained from the MSB-6 clone, while the least number of shoots conducted from the MSB-8 clone. The MSB-8 clones were more difficult to regenerate compared to the others. The best media formulation for shoot proliferation was ½ MS containing 0.5 mg/l BA, 1 mg/l Kinetin, and 0.1 mg/l IBA, while the best formulation for rooting was ½ MS.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effects of Different Combinations of Phytohormones on Callus Induction from Different Explants of Cabbage Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L. Seedlings

2021 ◽  
pp. 3476-3486
Author(s):  
Alaa. M. Hasan ◽  
Ekhlas. A.J. ElKaaby ◽  
Rakad. M.Kh. AL-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Superior Result ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Vitro Effects

    The leading purpose of this work is the development of efficient culture conditions to induce calli from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) under in vitro conditions. The mature seeds were surface sterilized with combinations of different concentrations of ethanol and NaOCl in different time durations and  were germinated on MS basal medium. The results revealed that the best sterilization method of cabbage seeds was by using 70% ethanol for one minute, followed by 15 min in 2% (NaOCl). Seedlings were used as donor sources for hypocotyls, cotyledon leaves, true leaves, and shoot tip explants. These explants were cultured on different combinations of cytokinins (TDZ, BAP, Ad) and auxins (IAA, NAA, 2, 4-D) then implanted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. 4 weeks after culturing, a significant difference was found among the explants in response to plant hormones. The maximum percentage of callus induction (100%) was using the combinations of 1 BAP + 1 2, 4-D, 1 BAP + 1 NAA, and 1 BAP + 2 2,4-D mg. l-1. In addition, explants responses varied and the hypocotyls showed a superior result (85.71 %) as compared to other explants. For callus fresh weight, the combination of 0.22 TDZ + 79.9 Ad mg. l-1    had a significant effect, causing the highest fresh weight (0.2745g), while control treatment gave the lowest mean of 0.0066 g. Data showed that cotyledon explants were significantly superior in giving highest callus fresh weight with the mean of 0.1723 g. On the other hand, hypocotyl explants gave the lowest mean, reaching 0.1542 g.

scholarly journals Establishment of Morphogenic and Regeneration Ability in two Indica Rice Cell Suspension Cultures after Exposure to NaCl

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
T.L. Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Rice Varieties

An efficient protocol was developed for in vitro morphogenic ability along with plantlet regeneration of two Bangladeshi indica rice varieties (BR24 and BR26) via somatic embryogenesis by applying 50 mM NaCl stress in callus induction and suspension initiation media. Osmotic stress was induced by NaCl (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) on the cell growth in suspension maintenance media. In viability test stress adapted cells showed 85 - 95% viability up to 200 mM NaCl compared with stress shocked (MS1-50) and control (MS1-0) treatments. Higher stress adapted cells showed growth retardation and the induction of plasmolysis. For both genotypes somatic embryos were obtained in both MS based liquid and semisolid media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Cell suspension-derived micro-calli were partially desiccated (6 - 12 hr) and subsequently maintained in MS1 callus induction media supplemented with proline (12 mM), ABA (2 mg/l) and 0.6% phytagel in the presence or absence of 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Subsequently, desiccated somatic embryos were transferred in MS based regeneration media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Proline mediated callus was found to be more effective in embryo differentiation than ABA. Partial desiccation dramatically enhanced callus growth and partially increased regeneration percentage. BR24 showed a better regeneration response producing plantlets in presence of proline in control media while BR26 restored regeneration potential in the presence of ABA and 100 mM NaCl. Plantlets regenerated from salt stressed callus cultures were then grown in compost in a glasshouse and produced normal, fertile plants.  Key words: Indica rice, Cell suspension, Morphogenic, Regeneration D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5436 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 185-197, 2009 (December)

scholarly journals In vitro culture of jambu with different growth regulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Susan P Almeida ◽  
Joanne MM Souza ◽  
Andredy MT Amorim ◽  
Sérgio AL de Gusmão ◽  
Rodrigo ORM Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Production ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Friable Callus

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to establish the best concentrations of growth regulators for in vitro cultivation of jambu for a subsequent elaboration of an efficient micropropagation protocol. After sterilized, the seeds were inoculated on different media (MS, ½MS and water-agar) for in vitro germination. Nodal segments of in vitro germinated jambu seedlings were used as explants in the micropropagation with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0; 0.125; 0.25; 0.50 and 0.75 mg L-1) and callus induction with 2.4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) (0.0; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75 and 1.0 mg L-1) on Murashige & Skoog’s (MS) medium. The highest germination rates were obtained on MS medium with better seedling development and greater height (3.7cm). In micropropagation, the best treatment was obtained on 0.125 BAP (T2), with an average of 2.2 sprouts/explant, average height of 2.4 cm and vigorous sprouts. In callus induction, all treatments with 2.4-D had developed friable calluses in 30 days and using doses of 0.25 and 0.50 mg L-1 provided greater fresh matter. The induction of friable callus and the root production occur without supplementation of exogenous growth regulator.

scholarly journals Effect of Basal Medium, Explants Size and Density on the In Vitro Proliferation and Growth of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivar ‘16-bis’

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouaad Amine MAZRI
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Woody Plant Medium

The effect of basal medium, explant size and density on shoot multiplication, growth, rooting and acclimatization of date palm cv. ‘16-bis’ was evaluated. Bud clusters of different sizes (2, 3, 4 and 5 buds per cluster) were cultured at density of 1, 2, 3 and 4 clusters on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), woody plant medium (WPM) and Nitsch medium (NM) supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2-naphthoxyacetic acid and 0.5 mg/L kinetin for three months (multiplication phase). Separated shoots of different sizes (

scholarly journals An efficient regeneration system through in vitro somatic embryogenesis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
M Haque ◽  
SMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Media ◽  
Barley Genotypes

This study was carried out to improve an efficient protocol for in vitro callus induction and plant regeneration using Bangladeshi barley genotypes collected from BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh. After sterilization embryos were separated carefully from mature seeds of six barley genotypes (BB-1, BB-2, BB-3, BB-4, BB-5 and BB-6) and cultured them in MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination of PGRs for callus induction and regeneration. Out of six genotypes BB-6 showed highest (38.17%) callus induction in MS + 4.0 mg/l 2,4-D + 200 mg/l L-proline + 300 mg/l casein hydrolysate; whereas, BB-4 and BB-5 showed no callus induction in the same medium. For plant regeneration from embryogenic calli the same genotype (BB-6) also performed the best results (19.25%) in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 30 g/l sucrose. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences among the media and the genotypes. J. bio-sci. 27: 89-99, 2019

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration system in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) for stress tolerant somaclone selection

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ferdausi ◽  
UK Nath ◽  
BL Das ◽  
MS Alam
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

Brinjal is the second most important vegetable crop after potato in Bangladesh in respect of total areas and third in production. It also plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. An experiment was conducted with two cultivars of brinjal namely Jhumky and Islampuri to observe the callus induction ability of different explants-shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib in MS basal media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The rate of callus induction from shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib were 82.78%, 74.88% and 78.71%, respectively. Highest rate of callus induction was found in shoot tip. Variety Islampuri showed higher rate of callus induction (80.62%). Among the treatments 2mg/l NAA showed the best performance in callus proliferation. Cytokinin (0.5 mg/l BAP) showed highest percentage of shoot regeneration (57.13%). For root induction, MS basal medium was proved to be better treatment for average number (12-15) of roots. The survival rate of transferred regenerated plantlets after hardening was higher in Jhumky (80%). Regenerated plantlets from callus of both the varieties exhibited 4-9 times higher proline, 2-3 times lower vitamin C and 2-3 times higher iron (Fe) content compared to their seed derived seedlings. This experiment showed that it is possible to develop shoot and fruit borer tolerance brinjal genotypes through somatic embryogenesis that was selected based on biochemical markers within the very short period of time. These findings will be helpful for further selection of the selected variants in field condition in the next phase of the study. Keywords: Somaclonal variants; Biochemical markers; Brinjal DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4731 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 253-258, 2009

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH ADJUVANTS ON DIRECT REGENERATION OF MOHAMMADI FLOWER (Rosa damascena Mill.) USING THIN CELL LAYERING TECHNIQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Homa Mirshahi ◽  
Nafiseh Mahdinezhad ◽  
Mahmoud Soloki ◽  
Leili Samiei
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Rosa Damascena

Regeneration is one of the most important methods in the massive proliferation of ornamental plants through micropropagation and genetic modification. Thin cell layering (TCL) technique, is a new introduction of micropropagation efficiency in producing optimized mass scale of crops. The horizontally placed TCL explants (tTCLs) was examined in Van der Salm (VS) basal medium in combination with different plant adjuvants (proline, glutamic acid, casein hydrolysate) to investigate their effect on callus induction and shoot regeneration of the explants. In order to produce healthy propagules of Rosa damascena Mill. on a large scale, a new cost-effective method of tissue culture has been established. The results indicated the positive effect of proline (0.5 gr/l) and glutamic acid (300 mg/l) in both callus induction and regeneration stage. Also, in rooting phase, different concentrations of IBA and NAA (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mg/l) in basal ½ Van der Salm (VS) medium were tested. It was observed that the best results were related to 0.3 mg/l IBA + 0.3 mg/l NAA in ½ Van der Salm (VS) medium.

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