scholarly journals Exogenous Salicylic Acid-Mediated Physiological Responses and Improvement in Yield by Modulating Antioxidant Defense System of Wheat under Salinity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannatul FARDUS ◽  
Md. Abdul MATIN ◽  
Md. HASANUZZAMAN ◽  
Md. Shahadat HOSSAIN ◽  
Sheymol Dev NATH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Exogenous Salicylic Acid

Present study investigates the regulatory roles of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) in physiology, antioxidant defense systems and yield of wheat under different salt stress condition. The experiment was conducted with two varieties i.e. BARIGom 21 and BARIGom 25 and ten salt stress treatments viz. control (without salt), SA (1 mMsalicylic acid), S50 (50 mMsalt stress), S50+SA (50 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S100 (100 mMsalt stress), S100+SA (100 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S150 (150 mMsalt stress), S150+SA (150 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA), S200 (200 mMsalt stress) and S200+SA (200 mMsalt stress with 1 mMSA). Leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) content reduced due to salt stress. The malondialdelyde (MDA) and H2O2 were increased under the stress condition. The ascorbate (AsA) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratio were reduced by salt stresses (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM, respectively). But the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) amount increased with an increase in the all level of salinity. The ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) activities showed a significant reduction in response to salt stress but CAT increased only at 100 mM stress condition. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased significantly with severe salt stress (200 mM). But the activity of peroxidase (POD) was decreased with increasing salinity level. At harvest, salt stresses reduced the effective tiller hill-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index for both of varieties. However, number of non-effective tiller hill-1 significantly increased in response of salt stress. Exogenous 1 mM SA application with salt stress improved physiological parameters, yield and reduced oxidative damage in both cultivars whereBARI Gom 25 showed better tolerance. But, SA application could not improve physiological parameters and yield at extreme level of salt stress (200 mM).

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Regulates Plant Growth, Physiology, Antioxidant Defense, and Ion Homeostasis to Confer Salt Tolerance in the Mangrove Species, Kandelia obovata

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Masashi Inafuku ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Masayuki Fujita ◽  
Hirosuke Oku
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Kandelia Obovata ◽  
Ion Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Nutrient Homeostasis

Facultative halophyte Kandelia obovata plants were exposed to mild (1.5% NaCl) and severe (3% NaCl) salt stress with or without sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 100 µM; a NO donor), hemoglobin (Hb, 100 µM; a NO scavenger), or Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 µM; a NO synthase inhibitor). The plants were significantly affected by severe salt stress. They showed decreases in seedling growth, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and disrupted antioxidant defense systems, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and visible oxidative damage. Salt stress also induced ion toxicity and disrupted nutrient homeostasis, as indicated by elevated leaf and root Na+ contents, decreased K+ contents, lower K+/Na+ ratios, and decreased Ca contents while increasing osmolyte (proline) levels. Treatment of salt-stressed plants with SNP increased endogenous NO levels, reduced ion toxicity, and improved nutrient homeostasis while further increasing Pro levels to maintain osmotic balance. SNP treatment also improved gas exchange parameters and enhanced antioxidant enzymes’ activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase). Treatment with Hb and l-NAME reversed these beneficial SNP effects and exacerbated salt damage, confirming that SNP promoted stress recovery and improved plant growth under salt stress.

scholarly journals Exogenous Proline and Glycine Betaine Mediated Upregulation of Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems Provides Better Protection against Salt-Induced Oxidative Stress in Two Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Varieties

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Anisur Rahman ◽  
Md. Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Glyoxalase Ii ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Exogenous Proline

The present study investigates the roles of exogenous proline (Pro, 5 mM) and glycine betaine (GB, 5 mM) in improving salt stress tolerance in salt sensitive (BRRI dhan49) and salt tolerant (BRRI dhan54) rice (Oryza sativaL.) varieties. Salt stresses (150 and 300 mM NaCl for 48 h) significantly reduced leaf relative water (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) content and increased endogenous Pro and increased lipid peroxidation and H2O2levels. Ascorbate (AsA), glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG, ascorbate peroxidae (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and glyoxalase I (Gly I) activities were reduced in sensitive variety and these were increased in tolerant variety due to salt stress. The glyoxalase II (Gly II), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were increased in both cultivars by salt stress. Exogenous Pro and GB application with salt stress improved physiological parameters and reduced oxidative damage in both cultivars where BRRI dhan54 showed better tolerance. The result suggests that exogenous application of Pro and GB increased rice seedlings’ tolerance to salt-induced oxidative damage by upregulating their antioxidant defense system where these protectants rendered better performance to BRRI dhan54 and Pro can be considered as better protectant than GB.

scholarly journals Enhancing Salt Tolerance in Soybean by Exogenous Boron: Intrinsic Study of the Ascorbate-Glutathione and Glyoxalase Pathways

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085
Author(s):  
Hesham F. Alharby ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Hassan S. Al-Zahrani ◽  
Khalid Rehman Hakeem ◽  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Glyoxalase System ◽  
System Components ◽  
Soybean Plants

Boron (B) performs physiological functions in higher plants as an essential micronutrient, but its protective role in salt stress is poorly understood. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is planted widely throughout the world, and salinity has adverse effects on its physiology. Here, the role of B (1 mM boric acid) in salt stress was studied by subjecting soybean plants to two levels of salt stress: mild (75 mM NaCl) and severe (150 mM NaCl). Exogenous B relieved oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant defense system components, such as ascorbate (AsA) levels, AsA/dehydroascorbate ratios, glutathione (GSH) levels, the GSH and glutathione disulfide ratios, and ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. B also enhanced the methylglyoxal detoxification process by upregulation of the components of the glyoxalase system in salt-stressed plants. Overall, B supplementation enhanced antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system components to alleviate oxidative stress and MG toxicity induced by salt stress. B also improved the physiology of salt-affected soybean plants.

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