scholarly journals SHRP - Secure Hybrid Routing Protocol over Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Balaubramanian Muthusenthil ◽  
Hyunsung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hybrid Routing ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Greedy Forwarding

A data collection via secure routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs)has given attention to one of security issues. WSNs pose unique security challengesdue to their inherent limitations in communication and computing, which makes vulnerableto various attacks. Thus, how to gather data securely and efficiently based onrouting protocol is an important issue of WSNs. In this paper, we propose a securehybrid routing protocol, denoted by SHRP, which combines the geographic basedscheme and hierarchical scheme. First of all, SHRP differentiates sensor nodes intotwo categories, nodes with GPS (NG) and nodes with antennas (NA), to put differentroles. After proposing a new clustering scheme, which uses a new weight factor toselect cluster head efficiently by using energy level, center weight and mobility afterforming cluster, we propose routing scheme based on greedy forwarding. The packetsin SHRP are protected based on symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystem, which providesconfidentiality, integrity and authenticity. The performance analyses are doneby using NS2 and show that SHRP could get better results of packet loss rate, deliveryratio, end to end delay and network lifetime compared to the well known previousschemes.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption Based Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG) Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5S3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of a large amount of nodes connected in a self-directed manner. The most important problems in WSN are Energy, Routing, Security, etc., price of the sensor nodes and renovation of these networks is reasonable. The sensor node tools included a radio transceiver with an antenna and an energy source, usually a battery. WSN compute the environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, etc., WSN built the network with the help of nodes. A sensor community consists of many detection stations known as sensor nodes, every of which is small, light-weight and portable. Nodes are linked separately. Each node is linked into the sensors. In recent years WSN has grow to be an essential function in real world. The data’s are sent from end to end multiple nodes and gateways, the data’s are connected to other networks such as wireless Ethernet. MGEAR is the existing mechanism. It works with the routing and energy consumption. The principal problem of this work is choosing cluster head, and the selection is based on base station, so the manner is consumes energy. In this paper, develop the novel based hybrid protocol Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG). We used Zigbee techniques to reduce energy consumption and routing. Gateway is used to minimize the energy consumption and data is send to the base station. Nodes are used to transmit the data into the cluster head, it transmit the data into gateway and gateway compress and aggregate the data then sent to the base station. Simulation result shows our proposed mechanism consumes less energy, increased throughput, packet delivery ration and secure routing when compared to existing mechanism (MGEAR).

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Baniata ◽  
Jiman Hong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

The recent advances in sensing and communication technologies such as wireless sensor networks (WSN) have enabled low-priced distributed monitoring systems that are the foundation of smart cities. These advances are also helping to monitor smart cities and making our living environments workable. However, sensor nodes are constrained in energy supply if they have no constant power supply. Moreover, communication links can be easily failed because of unequal node energy depletion. The energy constraints and link failures affect the performance and quality of the sensor network. Therefore, designing a routing protocol that minimizes energy consumption and maximizes the network lifetime should be considered in the design of the routing protocol for WSN. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering (EEUCLC) protocol which has a suboptimal multihop routing algorithm to reduce the burden on the cluster head and a probability-based cluster head selection algorithm to prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the EEUCLC mechanism enhanced the energy balance and prolonged the network lifetime compared to other related protocols.

scholarly journals EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL ALGORITHM FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Sayed Seno ◽  
Doaa Abd Ali ◽  
Mohammed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Effective Transfer

Recently, different applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the industry fields using different data transfer protocols has been developed. As the energy of sensor nodes is limited, prolonging network lifetime in WSNs considered a significant occurrence. To develop network permanence, researchers had considered energy consuming in routing protocols of WSNs by using modified Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy. This article presents a developed effective transfer protocols for autonomic WSNs. An efficient routing scheme for wireless sensor network regarded as significant components of electronic devices is proposed. An optimal election probability of a node to be cluster head has being presented. In addition, this article uses a Voronoi diagram, which decomposes the nodes into zone around each node. This diagram used in management architecture for WSNs.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient QoS-Aware Intelligent Hybrid Clustered Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Parvinder Singh ◽  
Rajeshwar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

A wireless sensor network consists of numerous low-power microsensor devices that can be deployed in a geographical area for remote sensing, surveillance, control, and monitoring applications. The advancements of wireless devices in terms of user-friendly interface, size, and deployment cost have given rise to many smart applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, certain issues like energy efficiency, long lifetime, and communication reliability restrict their large scale utilization. In WSNs, the cluster-based routing protocols assist nodes to collect, aggregate, and forward sensed data from event regions towards the sink node through minimum cost links. A clustering method helps to improve data transmission efficiency by dividing the sensor nodes into small groups. However, improper cluster head (CH) selection may affect the network lifetime, average network energy, and other quality of service (QoS) parameters. In this paper, a multiobjective clustering strategy is proposed to optimize the energy consumption, network lifetime, network throughput, and network delay. A fitness function has been formulated for heterogenous and homogenous wireless sensor networks. This fitness function is utilized to select an optimum CH for energy minimization and load balancing of cluster heads. A new hybrid clustered routing protocol is proposed based on fitness function. The simulation results conclude that the proposed protocol achieves better efficiency in increasing the network lifetime by 63%, 26%, and 10% compared with three well-known heterogeneous protocols: DEEC, EDDEEC, and ATEER, respectively. The proposed strategy also attains better network stability than a homogenous LEACH protocol.

scholarly journals Optimized Cluster-Based Dynamic Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture Precision

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Umair Bashir ◽  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
Antonio Leon
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Agriculture Sector

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming one of the demanding platforms, where sensor nodes are sensing and monitoring the physical or environmental conditions and transmit the data to the base station via multihop routing. Agriculture sector also adopted these networks to promote innovations for environmental friendly farming methods, lower the management cost, and achieve scientific cultivation. Due to limited capabilities, the sensor nodes have suffered with energy issues and complex routing processes and lead to data transmission failure and delay in the sensor-based agriculture fields. Due to these limitations, the sensor nodes near the base station are always relaying on it and cause extra burden on base station or going into useless state. To address these issues, this study proposes a Gateway Clustering Energy-Efficient Centroid- (GCEEC-) based routing protocol where cluster head is selected from the centroid position and gateway nodes are selected from each cluster. Gateway node reduces the data load from cluster head nodes and forwards the data towards the base station. Simulation has performed to evaluate the proposed protocol with state-of-the-art protocols. The experimental results indicated the better performance of proposed protocol and provide more feasible WSN-based monitoring for temperature, humidity, and illumination in agriculture sector.

Secure Multi-objective hybrid routing protocol for wireless sensor network

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Kaushik ◽  
Vijander Singh ◽  
Rajani Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Hybrid Routing ◽  
Hybrid Routing Protocol

Background: Wireless sensor networks play a significant role in network technologies. It is difficult to determine an optimal route that satisfies the requirements of wireless sensor networks. Energy-aware and trust-aware routing protocols play a critical role in the security of wireless sensor networks. In SRPMA (secure routing protocol based on multiobjective ant colony) routing protocol have very limited parameters and functions as well as ant colony algorithm is specifically finding the roots in which convergence limited Objective: This paper proposed an improved multi-objective trust-energy aware hybrid routing protocol using hybrid grey wolf genetic algorithm (I-MTERP-GWOGA) to achieve a quality of service by optimizing network security and reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. Methods: Energy-aware function calculated by the radio energy dissipation model to ensure the nodes involves in the route is capable of transmitting the data packets successfully or not. The load function is directly impacting the delay of the transmission of data packets. Results: I-MTERP-GWOGA algorithm shows better simulation results than secure routing protocol based on multiobjective ant-colony (SRPMA) and improved ant colony optimization based security routing protocol (IASR) algorithms using matlab2019a. Conclusion: The proposed algorithm improves performance against malicious nodes using five network performance criteria; packet delivery ratio, packet loss rate, average energy consumption, and end to end delay.

Resource Efficient Clustering and Next Hop Knowledge Based Routing in Multiple Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Priya Ranjan ◽  
Radhakrishnan Ramaswami ◽  
Malay Ranjan Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Control Packets

Wireless sensor networks are useful in various industrial, commercial, Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE) and many important tracking purpose applications. Energy is a limited and not replaceable. Hence it is the most focused research area in the field of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, Cluster Based Energy Resource Efficient & Next Hop Knowledge based Routing Protocol (CBERERP) is proposed for multiple heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. For any routing protocol, energy resources generally depend on number of message exchanges, transmission of data and control packets among the various sensor nodes to reach an agreement. CBERERP uses distributed concept for selection of cluster head among of heterogeneous nodes and intelligent cluster formation to minimize the energy consumption. Further, the proposed protocol reduces energy using a routing technique which minimizes the hop distance, the number of transmission of data and the number of control packets.

scholarly journals Security Issues of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Target Tracking

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Target Tracking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Head Node

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: line; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">In this paper the dynamic point target tracking is studied, and a message driven target tracking algorithm based on non-ranging is proposed by combining the actual sensor node characteristics. By tissue tracking around the target sensor nodes collaborate to establish a tracking cluster and the cluster head node for data fusion to accurately locate the target and thus formed a kind of efficient and precise distributed dynamic tracking cluster algorithm of DTC. The tracking cluster can follow the target as a shadow, and it can realize the management of the cluster itself and constantly report to the sink node to the target location. The protocol is especially suitable for the use of large scale wireless sensor networks with low node cost.</span>

A Clustering Protocol for Maximum Coverage in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassim Jerbi ◽  
Abderrahmen Guermazi ◽  
Hafedh Trabelsi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Basic Algorithm ◽  
Adaptive Clustering

The optimum use of coverage in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is very important. The hierarchical routing protocol LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is referred to as the basic algorithm of distributed clustering protocols. LEACH allows clusters formation. Each cluster has a leader called Cluster Head (CH). The selection of CHs is made with a probabilistic calculation. It is supposed that each non-CH node join a cluster and becomes a cluster member. Nevertheless, some CHs can be concentrated in a specific part of the network. Thus several sensor nodes cannot reach any CH. As a result, the remaining part of the controlled field will not be covered; some sensor nodes will be outside the network. To solve this problem, the authors propose O-LEACH (Orphan Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), a routing protocol that takes into account the orphan nodes. O-LEACH presents two scenarios, a gateway and sub cluster that allow the joining of orphan nodes.

Resource Efficient Clustering and Next Hop Knowledge Based Routing in Multiple Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Priya Ranjan ◽  
Radhakrishnan Ramaswami ◽  
Malay Ranjan Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Control Packets

Wireless sensor networks are useful in various industrial, commercial, Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE) and many important tracking purpose applications. Energy is a limited and not replaceable. Hence it is the most focused research area in the field of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, Cluster Based Energy Resource Efficient & Next Hop Knowledge based Routing Protocol (CBERERP) is proposed for multiple heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. For any routing protocol, energy resources generally depend on number of message exchanges, transmission of data and control packets among the various sensor nodes to reach an agreement. CBERERP uses distributed concept for selection of cluster head among of heterogeneous nodes and intelligent cluster formation to minimize the energy consumption. Further, the proposed protocol reduces energy using a routing technique which minimizes the hop distance, the number of transmission of data and the number of control packets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document