Mice, men and MHC supertypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 713-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Lundegaard
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Supertypes

scholarly journals The role of MHC supertypes in promoting trans-species polymorphism remains an open question

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej J. Ejsmond ◽  
Karl P. Phillips ◽  
Wiesław Babik ◽  
Jacek Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Open Question ◽  
Mhc Supertypes

scholarly journals Functional immunogenetic variation, rather than local adaptation, predicts ectoparasite infection intensity in a model fish species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Phillips ◽  
Joanne Cable ◽  
Ryan Mohammed ◽  
Sebastian Chmielewski ◽  
Karolina Przesmycka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Population Differences ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Mhc Supertypes

Natural host populations differ in their susceptibility to infection by parasites, and these intra-population differences are still an incompletely understood component of host-parasite dynamics. In this study, we used controlled infection experiments with wild-caught guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and their ectoparasite Gyrodactylus turnbulli to investigate the roles of local adaptation and host genetic composition (immunogenetic and neutral) in explaining differences in susceptibility to infection. We found differences between our four study host populations that were consistent between two parasite source populations, with no indication of local adaptation by either host or parasite at two tested spatial scales. Greater host population genetic variability metrics broadly aligned with lower population mean infection intensity, with the best alignments associated with Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) ‘supertypes’. Controlling for intra-population differences and potential inbreeding variance, we found a significant negative relationship between individual-level functional MHC variability and infection: fish carrying more MHC supertypes experienced infections of lower severity, with limited evidence for supertype-specific effects. We conclude that population-level differences in host infection susceptibility likely reflect variation in parasite selective pressure and/or host evolutionary potential, underpinned by functional immunogenetic variation.

Immunological MHC supertypes and allelic expression: how low is the functional MHC diversity in free-ranging Namibian cheetahs?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Schwensow ◽  
A. Castro-Prieto ◽  
B. Wachter ◽  
S. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Expression ◽  
Mhc Diversity ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Mhc Supertypes

scholarly journals Diversity of MHC IIB genes and parasitism in hybrids of evolutionarily divergent cyprinoid species indicate heterosis advantage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Šimková ◽  
Lenka Gettová ◽  
Kristína Civáňová ◽  
Mária Seifertová ◽  
Michal Janáč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Interspecies Hybrids ◽  
Allele Expression ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Mhc Alleles ◽  
Mhc Iib ◽  
Mhc Supertypes

AbstractThe genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are an essential component of the vertebrate immune system and MHC genotypes may determine individual susceptibility to parasite infection. In the wild, selection that favors MHC variability can create situations in which interspecies hybrids experience a survival advantage. In a wild system of two naturally hybridizing leuciscid fish, we assessed MHC IIB genetic variability and its potential relationships to hosts’ ectoparasite communities. High proportions of MHC alleles and parasites were species-specific. Strong positive selection at specific MHC codons was detected in both species and hybrids. MHC allele expression in hybrids was slightly biased towards the maternal species. Controlling for a strong seasonal effect on parasite communities, we found no clear associations between host-specific parasites and MHC alleles or MHC supertypes. Hybrids shared more MHC alleles with the more MHC-diverse parental species, but expressed intermediate numbers of MHC alleles and positively selected sites. Hybrids carried significantly fewer ectoparasites than either parent species, suggesting a hybrid advantage via potential heterosis.

scholarly journals Identifiying Human MHC Supertypes Using Bioinformatic Methods

2004 ◽  
Vol 172 (7) ◽  
pp. 4314-4323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irini A. Doytchinova ◽  
Pingping Guan ◽  
Darren R. Flower
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Supertypes
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