scholarly journals The usefulness of chemical-shift magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of osteoid osteoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Martins Costa ◽  
Clarissa Canella ◽  
Filipa Gomes Vieira ◽  
Evandro Miguelote Vianna ◽  
Walter Meohas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Relative Signal Intensity ◽  
Chemical Shift Mri ◽  
Intensity Ratios

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether chemical-shift magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be useful in the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma when clinical and radiological tumor features are inconclusive. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 17 patients who underwent chemical-shift MRI for the evaluation of osteoid osteoma. For all patients, two musculoskeletal radiologists independently recorded signal intensities on in-phase and out-of-phase images in the nidus of the tumor, in abnormal-intensity bone marrow surrounding the lesion, and in normal-appearing bone marrow. For each region, relative signal intensity ratios were calculated by dividing out-of-phase by in-phase values. Relative ratios > 1 were considered indicative of neoplastic lesions. Statistical analysis was carried out to analyze the sample. Inter-observer and intra-observer agreement for each imaging method were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients according to the Fleiss method and a value > 0.65 was considered to indicate substantial agreement. Results: The mean relative signal intensity ratios were 1.2 (range, 0.9-1.4) for the nidus and 0.35 (range, 0.11-0.66) for the surrounding tissue; these values differed significantly from the relative signal-intensity ratios for normal-appearing bone marrow (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Chemical-shift MRI is useful for the diagnosis and evaluation of osteoid osteoma.

Could we assess the functional status, of hormone secreting, or non-secreting of the adrenal masses regarding their Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) characteristics?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Akkus ◽  
Ferhat Piskin ◽  
Barış Karagun ◽  
Murat Sert ◽  
Mehtap Evran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Adrenal Mass ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Diagnostic imaging techniques including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should also perform on all patients with incidentalomas. However, there is a limited study whether the quantitative measurements (signal intensity index, adrenal to spleen ratio) in MRI could predict the functional status of adrenal adenomas. Material-Method: Between 2015-2020; 404 patients (265 females, 139 males) with adrenal mass who were referred to the university hospital for further investigation were included. After detailed diagnostic hormonal evaluation, all patients underwent MRI 1.5 T device (Signa, GE Medical Systems; Milwaukee, USA). The signal intensities of the adrenal lesions on T2W images were qualitatively evaluated and noted as homogenous or heterogeneous in comparison with the liver signal intensity (SI). A chemical-shift SI index and chemical shift adrenal-to-spleen SI ratio were also calculated. Results: While 331(81.9%) of the patients had nonfunctional adrenal mass, the rest of them (n=73, 18.1%) were patients with functional (autonomous cortisol secretion-ACS, cushing syndrome-CS, pheochromocytoma, primary hyperaldosteronism-PA) adrenal masses. In phase vs phase values of patients with NFAI, Pheo(n=17), ACS (n=30), CS (n=11), and PA (n=15) were 474.04±126.7 vs 226.6±132.4, 495.3±182.8 vs 282.17±189.1, 445.2±134.8 vs 203.3±76.2, 506.8±126.5 vs 212.2±73.6 and 496.2±147.5 vs 246.6±102.1, respectively. Mean signal intensity index (SII) and adrenal to spleen ratio (ASR) of all groups (NFAI, Pheo, ACS, CS, PA) were 52.0±24.8 and 0.51, 44.9±22.5 and 0.55, 49.5±24.5 and 0.53, 56.2±16.4 and 0.43, 47.6±25.1 and 0.54, respectively. Based the current accepted measurements in the case of ASR and SII, all lesions were similar and shown as fat rich adenomas (p*= 0.552, p** = 0.45). Conclusion: The quantitative assessment (SII, ASR) of intracellular lipids in an incidentally discovered adrenal tumour could only help distinguish adrenal masses in case of adenomas or non-adenomas As initial diagnostic evaluation, clinical and laboratory assessment ,to distinguish hormone secretion, should be taken in all patients with adrenal incidentalomas.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone Marrow: Effect of Osteoporosis and Age on Signal Intensity

1987 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
K. Lehner ◽  
N. Rupp ◽  
M. Schweigart ◽  
H. Zacher ◽  
A. Heuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of benign from malignant vertebral collapse in a rural tertiary care hospital in North India

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Mittal ◽  
Ranjana Gupta ◽  
Amit Mittal ◽  
Sandeep Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Chemical Shift Imaging ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vertebral Collapse ◽  
Phase Images ◽  
Phase Out

ABSTRACT Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of the first choice for evaluation of vertebral compression/collapse. Many MRI qualitative features help to differentiate benign from malignant collapse. We conducted this study to look for a quantitative difference in chemical shift values in benign and malignant collapse using dual-echo gradient echo in-phase/out-phase imaging. Materials and Methods: MRI examinations of a total of 38 patients were retrospectively included in the study who had vertebral compression/collapse with marrow edema in which final diagnosis was available at the time of imaging/follow-up. Signal intensity value in the region of abnormal marrow signal and adjacent normal vertebra was measured on in phase/out phase images. Signal intensity ratio (SIR) was measured by dividing signal intensity value on opposite phase images to that on in phase images. SIR was compared in normal vertebrae and benign and malignant vertebral collapse. Results: There were 21 males and 17 females with mean age of 52.4 years (range 28–76 years). Out of total 38 patients, 18 were of benign vertebral collapse and 20 of malignant vertebral collapse. SIR in normal vertebrae was 0.30 ± 0.14, 0.67 ± 0.18 in benign vertebral collapse, and 1.20 ± 0.27 in malignant vertebral collapse with significant difference in SIR of normal vertebrae versus benign collapse (P < 0.01) and in benign collapse versus malignant collapse (P < 0.01). Assuming a cutoff of <0.95 for benign collapse and ≥0.95 for malignant collapse, chemical shift imaging had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 94.4%. Conclusion: Chemical shift imaging is a rapid and useful sequence in differentiating benign from malignant vertebral collapse with good specificity and sensitivity.

Detection of Leukemia in MLL-AF9 Transgenic Mice Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 760-760
Author(s):  
Deborah DeRyckere ◽  
Natalie Serkova ◽  
Margaret E. Macy ◽  
Lori A. Gardner ◽  
Paul Jedlicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract Standard methods to assess tumor progression and treatment response for leukemia patients rely on repeat sampling of bone marrow. These methods evaluate overall disease status, but are not sensitive to early biochemical or cellular responses to therapies. Identification and validation of additional pharmacodynamic endpoints that are useful for accurate prediction of therapeutic efficacy would allow for earlier assessment of clinical response and thereby facilitate the development of effective individualized treatment regimens. Ideally, these markers would be assessed using non-invasive methods. Toward this end, we used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to investigate changes in the bone marrow, spleen, and/or blood of leukemic MLL-AF9 transgenic (Tg) mice relative to wild-type littermates. MLL-AF9 Tg mice with leukemia exhibited a statistically significant 1.5-fold increase in bone marrow T1-weighted MRI signal intensity. Increased signal intensity preceded development of leukemia and is therefore likely to be due, at least in part, to increased bone marrow cellularity, initially as a result of pre-neoplastic myeloproliferation and later as a result of marrow infiltration with leukemic blasts. We are currently determining microvessel density in the bone marrow of leukemic MLL-AF9 Tg mice and littermate controls to determine whether an increase in blood supply may also contribute to changes in MRI signal intensity in leukemic mice. These studies suggest that T1-weighted MRI signal intensity may be useful as an indicator of bone marrow tumor burden. Leukemic MLL-AF9 Tg mice also exhibited statistically significant changes in metabolite levels in spleen, blood, and bone marrow. The Warburg effect, whereby cancer cells utilize aerobic glycolysis to meet their increased energy demands, was evident in all tissues examined as indicated by increased glycolysis rates, increased glucose utilization, and increased levels of lactate and alanine, the end-products of glycolysis. Additional changes in metabolite levels were observed in the bone marrow and/or spleen of leukemic mice. Absolute levels of glutathione were increased. Glutathione reduces reactive oxygen species that are generated as a result of increased glycolysis and high levels of glutathione are associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in patients with acute leukemia (Maung et al., 1994, Leukemia 8:1487–91; Kearns et al., 2001, Blood 97:393–8). Increased glycine levels were also observed and may be associated with increased pyridine and DNA synthesis in leukemia cells. Decreased glutamate and glutamine levels may reflect a decrease in utilization of the mitochondrial Krebs cycle in tumor cells. Decreased levels of myo-inositol and taurine, which function as osmoregulators, may occur as a result of osmotic stress due to increased cellularity in leukemic organs. Levels of aromatic acids, lysine and arginine, and creatine and phosphocreatine were also decreased. Many of these changes in metabolism are recapitulated in immunocompetent mice orthotopically transplanted with MLL-AF9 Tg leukemias. This study represents the first description of a comprehensive analysis of the “metabolomic” profile associated with development of acute leukemia and is, to our knowledge, the first description of changes in metabolism in an animal model of acute leukemia. The data presented here suggest novel metabolic targets for therapeutic intervention. In addition, because metabolic changes often precede detectable changes in tumor burden, they may be particularly useful as early indicators of therapeutic efficacy and may thereby allow for more rapid determination of clinical response, decreased exposure to toxic therapies in resistant patients, and more expedient conversion to effective therapies. Because changes in glucose metabolism are a central feature of tumorigenesis and changes in glutathione levels have been associated with clinical outcome in patients with acute leukemia, these metabolites are of particular interest. Future studies will use MLL-AF9 transgenic mice to investigate the roles of metabolic changes during de novo development of leukemia. Mice transplanted with MLL-AF9 Tg leukemias will also be used for studies investigating the utility of metabolic changes as indicators of therapeutic efficacy.

scholarly journals A Thymic Hyperplasia Case without Suppressing on Chemical Shift Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Phung ◽  
Thach Nguyen ◽  
Dung Tran ◽  
Nga Phan ◽  
Hung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chemical Shift Mri ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
One Year

A 22-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis (MG) presented with ptosis and mild muscle weakness symptoms for one year. Computed tomography (CT) presented a diffuse bilobulate enlargement gland with a high density of soft tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the gland with no suppression on the opposed-phase chemical shift. After the thymic tumor diagnosis, she underwent thoracoscopic surgery for tumor resection. The postoperative histopathological finding was thymic lymphoid hyperplasia. This case suggests chemical shift MRI is not enough in distinguishing, and supplementary examination is essential to avoid unnecessary thymic biopsy and surgery.

scholarly journals Signal Intensity Changes in the Dentate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Undergoing Multiple Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Ertuğ Çekdemir ◽  
Nuri Karabay
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Intensity Ratios ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Objective: To investigate the correlation between cumulative doses of gadolinium-based contrast agents and increased signal intensity (SI) in the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP). Methods: Our retrospective trial involved 21 multiple sclerosis patients (11 women, 10 men; mean age: 39.21±10.24, range: 20 to 57 years) who underwent a serial number of multiple cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations in the radiology department of our tertiary care center. Average signal intensities on the DN, pons, GP and thalamus on unenhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were taken into account. The signal intensity in the DN was proportioned to the signal intensity in the pons, whereas the signal intensity in GP to the signal intensity in the thalamus. Any relationship between the DN-to-pons or GP-to-thalamus signal intensity ratios and previous gadolinium-based contrast administrations was sought by means of repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Increases in both DN-to-pons and GP-to-thalamus signal intensity ratios displayed a significant correlation with previous administrations of gadolinium-based contrast agents (p<0.001 for both). A remarkable increase was detected in DN-to-pons and GP-to-thalamus signal intensity ratios between the first and last MRI examinations (p<0.001 for both). Conclusion: Our results support the association between increase in the SI of the DN and GP to the number of gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans in MS patients. The increase in T1 SI seems to be linked with the number of enhanced MRI scans.

Which Emerges First: Bone Marrow Edema or Nidus in Osteoid Osteoma?

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esat Uygur ◽  
Oguz Poyanlı ◽  
Onder Kılıçoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Dust Cloud ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Night Pain ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Marrow Edema

This case report describes a well-documented birth and evolution of an osteoid osteoma at the talus. Although initial radiologic images indicate mild bone marrow edema at first (without nidus), subsequent magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic images reveal pathognomonic nidus at the talus. During the evolution of the lesion, typical night pain was coincident with the occurrence of the nidus, as seen on magnetic resonance imaging. This may be interpreted that nidus formation may be related to the night pain. In this report, the first finding was bone marrow edema. Although our classic knowledge was that the edema follows the lesion, this report makes a difference. The relationship between bone marrow edema and osteoid osteoma has not been questioned in the literature before. We speculate that this report brings to mind, the question of which comes first? A bone marrow edema or nidus? Another question is: Does osteoid osteoma always start with such a dust cloud in the bone as we presented herein?

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