scholarly journals Factors associated with time free of oral candidiasis in children living with HIV/AIDS, São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2197-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Claudia Roma de Oliveira Konstantyner ◽  
Aline Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Luana Fiengo Tanaka ◽  
Heloísa Helena de Sousa Marques ◽  
Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

In clinical practice, recurrence of thrush is common in children living with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with time spent free of oral candidiasis using survival analysis for recurrent events. A retrospective cohort study was carried out with 287 children treated between 1985 and 2009 at a reference center in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The Prentice, Williams and Peterson model for recurrent events was used for the investigation of factors associated with the time free of oral candidiasis. The following factors were associated with the time patients were free of oral candidiasis: moderate immunodepression (HR = 2.5; p = 0.005), severe immunodepression (HR = 3.5; p < 0.001), anemia (HR = 3.3; p < 0.001), malnutrition (HR = 2.6; p = 0.004), hospitalization (HR = 2.2; p < 0.001), monotherapy (HR = 0.5; p = 0.006), dual therapy (HR = 0.3; p < 0.001) and triple therapy/highly active antiretroviral therapy (HR = 0.1; p < 0.001). The method analyzed in the present study proved useful for the investigation of recurrent events in patients living with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa ◽  
Henrique Ciabotti Elias ◽  
Nilo Martinez Fernandes ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
Renata Karina Reis
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV.We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP's knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS.Method: Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP.Results: Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09-0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09- 0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59-5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0-2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP.Conclusions: The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.

scholarly journals Oral health management of 97 patients living with HIV/AIDS in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danieli Cristina da SILVA ◽  
Alan Grupioni LOURENÇO ◽  
Ana Elisa Rodrigues Alves RIBEIRO ◽  
Alcyone Artioli MACHADO ◽  
Marilena Chinali KOMESU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Assessment of ART knowledge and adherence to ARVs among PLWHA accessing care in two Nigerian Military HIV/AIDS Treatment sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
David Ufuoma Adje ◽  
Felicia Esemekiphorar Williams ◽  
Chukwuka Nicholas Bezugbe ◽  
Dauda Audi Dangiwa
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background:       Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is critical in achieving treatment goals, avoiding antimicrobial resistance, preventing treatment failure and improving the patient’s quality of life. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and adherence to antiretroviral (ARVs) medicines amongst People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) accessing care in two Nigerian Military HIV/AIDS Treatment sites. Methods: Four hundred patients on HAART who visited the study sites during the study period were recruited for the study using systematic random sampling method. A semi-structured, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain demographic details. Patients’ knowledge of HIV was assessed using an 8-item questionnaire while adherence was measured using the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ). Results: The predominant age group was 31-40 years (46.4%). There were more females (69%) than males (31%). Only 45.5% answered knowledge questions correctly. The adherence level in this study was 64.0%. The major reasons cited for non-adherence included being away from home (23.6%), forgetfulness (17.1%), busy schedule (14%), need to conceal medication (12.7%) and feeling better (11.6%). Conclusion: Patients’ knowledge of ART and adherence to ARVs medicines were sub-optimal. Appropriate strategies to improve patients’ knowledge of ART and adherence to ARVs are recommended.

scholarly journals Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the incidence of opportunistic infections, hospitalizations and mortality among children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S414-S423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talitah M. S. Candiani ◽  
Jorge Pinto ◽  
Claudete A. Araújo Cardoso ◽  
Inácio R. Carvalho ◽  
Arlete C. M. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can be evaluated using indicators, such as rates of opportunistic infections, hospitalizations by cause of infection, and associated death. This study aimed to estimate the impact of HAART on the incidence of these indicators, in children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS. It was a hybrid cohort study; 371 patients were followed from 1989 to 2003. In December 2003, 76% of the patients were still being followed, while 12.1% had died, 9.5% had dropped out, and 2.4% had been transferred. The overall rate of opportunistic infections was 18.32 infections/100 persons-year and 2.63 in the pre- and post-HAART periods, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the risk of developing an opportunistic infection was 5.4 times greater and 3.3 times greater for hospitalization risk before HAART. Respiratory causes represented 65% of the hospitalizations and they were reduced by 44.6% with therapeutic intervention. The average hospital stay of 15 days was reduced to 9.There was a post-HAART decline in deaths of 38%. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of HAART in significantly reducing opportunistic infections, hospitalizations, and deaths in this Brazilian cohort.

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