Dental Fluorosis Treatment Can Improve the Individuals’ OHRQoL? Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of two treatment protocols for dental fluorosis in individuals enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. Seventy volunteers, who lived in a fluorosis endemic area in Brazil, and had at least four maxillary anterior teeth showing fluorosis with a Thylstrup and Fejerskov index from 1 to 7, were randomized into two treatment groups (n= 35): GI- enamel microabrasion; or GII- microabrasion associated with at-home bleaching. Microabrasion was performed using 37% phosphoric acid and pumice, and at-home tooth bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide in a tray. Volunteers completed a questionnaire at baseline and 1-month post treatment to assess changes in OHRQoL, using the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP). Differences in overall impact scores between and within treatment groups were analyzed with Wilcoxon (within) and Mann-Whitney (between) tests. Changes in performance scores were analyzed using Wilcoxon tests (a< 0.05). One month after treatment, subjects reported improvement in OHRQoL. Both groups showed lower OIDP scores (p< 0.001), but there was no difference between them. Eating, cleaning teeth, smiling and emotional state performance scores were lower after treatment for the whole sample. In conclusion, the treatment with microabrasion improved the OHRQoL in this sample of individuals living in a fluorosis endemic area regardless of the addition of at-home bleaching.

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The degree of color change, rebound effect and sensitivity of bleached teeth associated with at-home and power bleaching techniques: A randomized clinical trial

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.120655 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

pp. 405-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Fatemeh Velayati Moghadam ◽

Sara Majidinia ◽

Joseph Chasteen ◽

Marjaneh Ghavamnasiri

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Color Change ◽

Rebound Effect ◽

Color Difference ◽

Chi Square ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

At Home

ABSTRACT Aim: The purpose of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the color change, rebound effect and sensitivity of at-home bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide and power bleaching using 38% hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods: For bleaching techniques, 20 subjects were randomized in a split mouth design (at-home and power bleaching): In maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (n = 20). Color was recorded before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, at 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 month intervals. Tooth sensitivity was recorded using the visual analog scale. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare both groups regarding bleaching effectiveness (∆E 1 ), rebound effect (∆E 2 ) and color difference between the rebounded tooth color and unbleached teeth (∆E 3) while the Wilcoxon compared ∆E within each group. Distribution of sensitivity was evaluated using the Chi-square test (α =0.05). Results: There was no significant difference between groups regarding ∆E 1 and ∆E 3 (P > 0.05). Even though, ∆E 2 showed no significant difference between groups after bleaching as well as at 2 week, 1 month and 3 month follow-up periods (P > 0.05). Although, significant difference was found in ∆E 2 (P < 0.05 Mann-Whitney) between two methods after 6 months and a high degree of rebound effect was obtained with power bleaching. Within each group, there was no significant difference between ∆E 1 and ∆E 3 (P < 0.05 Wilcoxon). The distribution of sensitivity was identical with both techniques (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Bleaching techniques resulted in identical tooth whitening and post-operative sensitivity using both techniques, but faster color regression was found with power bleaching even though color regression to the baseline of the teeth in both groups was the same after 6 months.

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A double blind randomized clinical trial of at-home tooth bleaching using two carbamide peroxide concentrations: 6-month follow-up

Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1016/j.jdent.2008.07.002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 878-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

S.S. Meireles ◽

S.S. Heckmann ◽

I.S. Santos ◽

A. Della Bona ◽

F.F. Demarco

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Double Blind ◽

At Home

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Influence of different thickeners in at-home tooth bleaching: a randomized clinical trial study

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-018-2613-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 2187-2198

Author(s):

Juliana do Carmo Públio ◽

Marília Zeczkowski ◽

Jonny Burga-Sánchez ◽

Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽

Franscico Carlos Groppo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

At Home

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Effect of Daily Usage Time of 4% Hydrogen Peroxide on the Efficacy and Bleaching-induced Tooth Sensitivity: A Single-blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/20-058-c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

RMO Terra ◽

KL da Silva ◽

L Vochikovski ◽

E Sutil ◽

M Rezende ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Color Change ◽

T Test ◽

Tooth Sensitivity ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Single Blind ◽

At Home

Clinical Relevance Although color change was slightly lower in a 3-week 30-minutes/day protocol, than in the 120-minute protocol, this could be compensated by an extra week of bleaching. The advantage of the shorter protocol is the reduced daily application, making the procedure more comfortable for the patients. SUMMARY Objective: Compare the risk/intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS) and color change of a 30-minute vs. the recommended 120-minute application time of 4% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for at-home bleaching. Methods: A single-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 92 adult patients with caries and restoration-free anterior teeth A2 or darker, randomly allocated to two groups. Bleaching trays containing 4% HP were used for three-weeks. A four-week regimen was also offered to the patients for the 30-min group after the end of the 3-week protocol. The color change was assessed with the Vita Classical (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) and Vita Bleachedguide shade guides (VITA Zahnfabrik) and the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer (VITA Zahnfabrik) at baseline, weekly, and 30 days after the bleaching. The absolute risk and the intensity of TS were assessed daily using the 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS) and 5-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scale, and patient satisfaction was recorded with a Likert 0-7 scale. Risk of TS (Fisher’s test), intensity of TS in NRS scale (Mann-Whitney test), VAS scale (t-test), and a color change (t-test) were compared. Results: The 30-minute group saw color change of around 1 SGU inferior to the 120-minute group in all-time assessments (p<0.05). After an extra week of bleaching, mean color change was similar (p>0.05). Patient satisfaction was high for both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: A four-week protocol of at-home dental bleaching with 4% HP for 30 minutes/day whitened teeth similarly to the 120 minutes/day protocol, with low intensity of dental sensitivity and high patient satisfaction.

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Association Between In-Office And At-Home Tooth Bleaching: A Single Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201801726 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 133-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

João Lima Rodrigues ◽

Patrícia Souza Rocha ◽

Silvia Letícia de Souza Pardim ◽

Ana Cláudia Vieira Machado ◽

André Luis Faria-e-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Maximum Level ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Color Changes ◽

Bleaching Procedure ◽

To Receive ◽

At Home

Abstract This controlled randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of associating at-home and in-office bleaching procedures on tooth sensitivity (TS) and bleaching effectiveness. Forty patients subjected to on session of in-office bleaching with 38% peroxide hydrogen. Subsequently, the patients were randomly allocated to receive a second session of in-office bleaching or to use a tray containing 10% carbamide peroxide delivered during 7 consecutive days. The worst TS score reported during or after each bleaching procedure was recorded using a verbal rating scale and TS risk (score different from 0) was calculated. Color changes were measured 7 days after each in-office session (for patients receiving in-office procedures only) or after the end of at-home bleaching (for the combined protocol), and 6 months after the last procedure for both bleaching protocols. Color was assessed by a spectrophotometer and by color match with the Vita Classical and Bleach guide scales. Statistical analyses were carried out to assess possible differences between the protocols regarding the outcomes and to analyze the effect of time of assessment on color changes. The bleaching protocol did not affect the risk for and the maximum level of TS reported, irrespective of the time of assessment. In the color evaluation, the bleaching protocol also did not affect the ultimate tooth color. In conclusion, after one in-office bleaching session, there was no difference in bleaching effectiveness and TS between performing a second in-office session and associating it with 1-week at-home bleaching.

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Acceptability, efficacy and safety of two treatment protocols for dental fluorosis: A randomized clinical trial

Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1016/j.jdent.2014.01.011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (8) ◽

pp. 938-944 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Kaline Silva Castro ◽

Ana Cláudia de Araújo Ferreira ◽

Rosângela Marques Duarte ◽

Fábio Correia Sampaio ◽

Sônia Saeger Meireles

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Treatment Protocols

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Comparision of two fluoride varnishes for controlling white spot lesions. Randomized clinical trial

REVISTA ODONTOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA ◽

10.33738/spo.v16i1.13 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jesús Alberto Luengo - Fereira

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

White Spot ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

White Spot Lesions ◽

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Chi Square ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

The Mean

Objective: To compare two fluorinated varnishes for the control of white spot lesions.Material and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 103 active whitespot lesions on permanent upper anterior teeth from 24 patients, aged 7 to 9 years were randomly assigned totwo groups, G1: Duraphat® (n=52) and G2: DuraShield® (n=51). Weekly applications were perform for fourconsecutive weeks. Fifth week the dimension, regression and activity of the lesions were evaluated. Student’sT test, Wilcoxon Ranks and Chi square were used at 5% significance. Results: At the end of the study, the lesion reduction was observed in 69.7%, finding significant differences(p<0.05) in the mean of the initial and final dimensions in general (2.74 mm to 1.91 mm) and in each group, G1(2.84 mm to 2.03 mm), G2 (2.64 mm to 1.78 mm). In the activity of the lesions, it was found in the G1, 12 active and6 inactive lesions; while in G2, there were 14 active and 29 inactive; these differences were significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The two evaluated products showed similar clinical efficacy in the remineralization of activewhite spot lesions after 4 weeks of therapy.

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