scholarly journals Beetle diversity in fragmented thornscrub and isolated trees

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
G. Cuéllar-Rodríguez ◽  
E. Jurado ◽  
J. Flores
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Isolated Trees ◽  
Remnant Vegetation

Abstract Due to land use change mainly for induced agriculture, Tamaulipan thornscrubin northeast Mexico has been cleared and transformed into small patches of vegetation as small as isolated trees surrounded by agricultural fields. In this study, we explored how tree isolation or growing inside a fragment of remnant vegetation influence diversity of coleopterans in two plant species (Prosopis laevigata (Humb. &Bonpl.exWilld.) M.C. Johnst. (mesquite) and Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby (Texas ebony). We found 72 coleopteran morphospecies; fifteen occurred mainly in remnant fragments and ten mainly in isolated trees. There were more insects under isolated mesquites than under those immersed in remnant fragments, while in Texas ebony the highest beetle density for isolated trees coincided with periods of bean and maize in surrounding agriculture.

Plant species response to land use change -Campanula rotundifolia,Primula verisandRhinanthus minor

Ecography ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Lindborg ◽  
Sara A. O. Cousins ◽  
Ove Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Campanula Rotundifolia

scholarly journals Climate and land use change impacts on plant distributions in Germany

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Pompe ◽  
Jan Hanspach ◽  
Franz Badeck ◽  
Stefan Klotz ◽  
Wilfried Thuiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Species Loss ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Spatially Varying

We present niche-based modelling to project the distribution of 845 European plant species for Germany using three different models and three scenarios of climate and land use changes up to 2080. Projected changes suggested large effects over the coming decades, with consequences for the German flora. Even under a moderate scenario (approx. +2.2°C), 15–19% (across models) of the species we studied could be lost locally—averaged from 2995 grid cells in Germany. Models projected strong spatially varying impacts on the species composition. In particular, the eastern and southwestern parts of Germany were affected by species loss. Scenarios were characterized by an increased number of species occupying small ranges, as evidenced by changes in range-size rarity scores. It is anticipated that species with small ranges will be especially vulnerable to future climate change and other ecological stresses.

Semi-natural grassland continuity, long-term land-use change and plant species richness in an agricultural landscape on Öland, Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotten J. Johansson ◽  
Karin Hall ◽  
Honor C. Prentice ◽  
Margareta Ihse ◽  
Triin Reitalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Natural Grassland

scholarly journals Analysis of land use change and its relation to land potential and elephant habitat at Besitang Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
WANDA KUSWANDA ◽  
AHMAD DANY SUNANDAR
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
North Sumatra

Kuswanda W, Sunandar AD. 2019. Analysis of land use change and its relation to land potential and elephant habitat at Besitang Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 350-358. Land use change from forest into plantation at a watershed could be detrimental both for humans and wildlife. This study was aimed to analyze land use change and its impact on the habitat potential of Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1857) in the upstream of Besitang Watershed located at Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP), North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study was conducted from April to November 2015. Data collection was made through land cover map analysis, ground check and vegetation analysis using strip transect method. Land use change was analyzed using ArcView 3.2 software, species diversity was calculated using Shannon-Weiner formula and community evenness indices. Based on map delineation, total extent of Besitang Watershed is about 95,428 hectares. The analysis results showed that, in the past 25 years, about 15,989 hectares of land was changed from forests and farms to monoculture plantations. These changes have caused conflicts and threatened elephant population. As many as 168 species of plants were identified during vegetation analysis in the three study locations, namely Bukit Mas primary forest (88 species), Sekundur mixed secondary forest (91 species) and Halaban secondary forest (68 species). Average Importance Value Index (IVI) was below 40% which indicates that there are no dominant plant species. Tree density was between 360 and 497,5 individual/ha, sapling density was between 2,640 and 4,680 individual/ha, and density of seedling and understory plants was between 27,750 and 38,500 individual/ha. Species diversity index for each plant growth stage was relatively high (H’>3) and the similarity of plant species across locations was generally low (IS = <50%). Analysis of the correlation between land cover differences and habitat features showed statistically significant effects on species density and frequency. The highest effect of land cover change is on species density with the correlation reaching 94.5%. Forests in GLNP will be able to regenerate naturally to reach a stable state if there is no more land clearing to raise plantations.

scholarly journals Assessment on the rates and potentials of soil organic carbon sequestration in agricultural lands in Japan using a process-based model and spatially explicit land-use change inventories – Part 2: Future potentials

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4443-4457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yagasaki ◽  
Y. Shirato
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Stock Change

Abstract. Future potentials of the sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural lands in Japan were estimated using a simulation system we recently developed to simulate SOC stock change at country-scale under varying land-use change, climate, soil, and agricultural practices, in a spatially explicit manner. Simulation was run from 1970 to 2006 with historical inventories, and subsequently to 2020 with future scenarios of agricultural activity comprised of various agricultural policy targets advocated by the Japanese government. Furthermore, the simulation was run subsequently until 2100 while forcing no temporal changes in land-use and agricultural activity to investigate duration and course of SOC stock change at country scale. A scenario with an increased rate of organic carbon input to agricultural fields by intensified crop rotation in combination with the suppression of conversion of agricultural lands to other land-use types was found to have a greater reduction of CO2 emission by enhanced soil carbon sequestration, but only under a circumstance in which the converted agricultural lands will become settlements that were considered to have a relatively lower rate of organic carbon input. The size of relative reduction of CO2 emission in this scenario was comparable to that in another contrasting scenario (business-as-usual scenario of agricultural activity) in which a relatively lower rate of organic matter input to agricultural fields was assumed in combination with an increased rate of conversion of the agricultural fields to unmanaged grasslands through abandonment. Our simulation experiment clearly demonstrated that net-net-based accounting on SOC stock change, defined as the differences between the emissions and removals during the commitment period and the emissions and removals during a previous period (base year or base period of Kyoto Protocol), can be largely influenced by variations in future climate. Whereas baseline-based accounting, defined as differences between the net emissions in the accounting period and the ex ante estimation of net business-as-usual emissions for the same period, has robustness over variations in future climate and effectiveness to factor out some of the direct human-induced effects such as changing land-use and agricultural activity. Factors affecting uncertainties in the estimation of the country-scale potential of SOC sequestration were discussed, especially those related to estimation of the rate of organic carbon input to soils under different land-use types. Our study suggested that, in order to assist decision making of policy on agriculture, land management, and mitigation of global climate change, it is also important to take account of duration and time course of SOC sequestration, supposition on land-use change pattern in future, as well as feasibility of agricultural policy planning.

scholarly journals Consequences of land-use change and the wildfire disaster of 2017 for the central Chilean biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ch. Braun ◽  
Fabian Faßnacht ◽  
Diego Valencia ◽  
Maximiliano Sepulveda
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Central Chile

AbstractCentral Chile is an important biodiversity hotspot in Latin America. Biodiversity hotspots are characterised by a high number of endemic species cooccurring with a high level of anthropogenic pressure. In central Chile, the pressure is caused by land-use change, in which near-natural primary and secondary forests are replaced and fragmented by commercial pine and eucalyptus plantations. Large forest fires are another factor that can potentially endanger biodiversity. Usually, environmental hazards, such as wildfires, are part of the regular environmental dynamic and not considered a threat to biodiversity. Nonetheless, this situation may change if land-use change and altered wildfire regimes coerce. Land-use change pressure may destroy landscape integrity in terms of habitat loss and fragmentation, while wildfires may destroy the last remnants of native forests. This study aims to understand the joint effects of land-use change and a catastrophic wildfire on habitat loss and habitat fragmentation of local plant species richness hotspots in central Chile. To achieve this, we apply a combination of ecological fieldwork, remote sensing, and geoprocessing to estimate the spread and spatial patterns of biodiverse habitats under current and past land-use conditions and how these habitats were altered by land-use change and by a single large wildfire event. We show that land-use change has exceeded the wildfire’s impacts on diverse habitats. Despite the fact that the impact of the wildfire was comparably small here, wildfire may coerce with land-use change regarding pressure on biodiversity hotspots. Our findings can be used to develop restoration concepts, targeting on an increase of habitat diversity within currently fire-cleared areas and evaluate their benefits for plant species richness conservation.

Response of forest plant species to land-use change: a life-history trait-based approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Verheyen ◽  
Olivier Honnay ◽  
Glenn Motzkin ◽  
Martin Hermy ◽  
David R. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Life History ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Forest Plant Species

scholarly journals Plant diversity of Betel Leaf Agroforestry of South Meghalaya, Northeast India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
H. TYNSONG ◽  
B.K. TIWARI ◽  
M. DKHAR
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
The Impact

Tynsong H, Tiwari BK, Dkhar M. 2018. Plant diversity of Betel Leaf Agroforestry of South Meghalaya, Northeast India. Asian J For 2: 1-11. Large areas of lowland tropical forests of South Meghalaya have been converted into betel leaf agroforestry systems by the tribal people living in the area. The betel leaf agroforestry with diverse and structurally complex shade canopies conserve a significant portion of the original forest biodiversity. The impact of land use change on the biodiversity was studied using standard vegetation analysis and biodiversity estimation methods. A total of 160 plant species were recorded in natural forests out of which 75 were trees, 40 shrubs, and 45 herbs, while in betel leaf agroforestry, a total of 159 plant species, 94 trees, 17 shrubs and 48 herbs were recorded. A total of 34 tree species, 13 shrub species, and 14 herb species were common in both the land uses. All the plant species were native species. The study revealed that the conversion of natural forest to betel leaf agroforestry in South Meghalaya has no significant impact on tree and herb diversity. However, the basal area and density are affected to some extent. The land use change has also affected the density and diversity of shrubs. The study concludes that betel leaf agroforestry in South Meghalaya developed by the indigenous War Khasi tribe through experiential learning over several generations has emerged as a fairly sustainable agroforestry system causing minimal impact on plant diversity.

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