scholarly journals Bilateral hearing loss as an initial presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Janaina Mariana de Araujo Miranda Brito-Marques ◽  
Eduardo Sousa de Melo ◽  
Fabíola Lys de Medeiros ◽  
Cristiano Sobral de Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Brito-Marques
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebellar Syndrome ◽  
Bilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT. We reported a case of a 61-year-old male patient with anacusis, cerebellar syndrome, myoclonus, and frontal signs. The brain magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral striated hyperintensity of the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and restricted diffusion in the diffusion-weighted imaging and hypointense areas corresponding to the apparent diffusion coefficient in the cerebral cortex. The autopsy revealed positive immunohistochemistry for the PrPSc protein. Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease presenting with hearing loss is unusual.

Quantitative brain histogram of canine epilepsy using magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512091403
Author(s):  
Somkiat Huaijantug ◽  
Paranee Yatmark ◽  
Phanupong Chinnabrut ◽  
Nutruja Rueangsawat ◽  
Avirut Wongkumlue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
The Brain

Background Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to study the anatomy of the brain in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Purpose To quantitate MRI images in terms of volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of the following regions of interest (ROI) in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; thalamic; and hippocampal regions. Material and Methods Nine dogs with epilepsy and four healthy controls were evaluated. We examined the volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of six ROIs in all dogs. Results MR images, in T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient sequences detected changes in 4/9 (44%) epileptic dogs found in 5/6 regions: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; and hippocampal regions. However, no such changes were observed in the thalamic region. Interestingly, the frontal and piriform volumetric ratios of epileptic dogs were significantly lower than those of control dogs. The histogram analyses in 4/6 regions were significantly increased in epileptic dogs. Conclusion Our results demonstrated MRI finding abnormalities in several regions of the brain in several sequences including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient in epileptic dogs. In several regions of the brain, atrophy may exist, and hyperintensity may be present on MR images in epileptic dogs. These findings suggest that the diagnostic yield of MRI, which is an advanced neuroimaging technique, is high in epileptic dogs and has good reliability and sensitivity in detecting abnormal areas in patients.

scholarly journals Transient Periictal Brain Imaging Abnormality in a Saudi Patient with Probable Celiac Disease Epilepsy and Occipital Calcification Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Soha Khan ◽  
Asma AlNajjar ◽  
Abdullah Alquaydheb ◽  
Shahpar Nahrir
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pump Failure ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Celiac disease epilepsy and occipital calcification (CEC) syndrome is a rare, emerging disease first described in 1992. To date, fewer than 200 cases have been reported worldwide. CEC syndrome is generally thought to be a genetic, noninherited, and ethnically and geographically restricted disease in Mediterranean countries. However, we report the first ever case of probable CEC in a Saudi patient. Furthermore, the patient manifested a magnitude of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal abnormalities during the periictal period which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been described in CEC. The brain MRI revealed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) restriction with a concordant area of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) hypointensity around bilateral occipital area of calcification. An imbalance between the heightened energy demand during ictal phase of the seizure and unadjusted blood supply may have caused an electric pump failure and cytotoxic edema, which then led to DWI/ADC signal alteration.

scholarly journals Negative Diffusion Weighted Imaging on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Elijah Lackey ◽  
Deepal P. Shah-Zamora ◽  
Jodi Hawes ◽  
Andy J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
The Brain

A 76-year-old Caucasian woman initially presented to the Duke Memory Disorders clinic with a 9-month history of a rapid decline in cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric function. On initial presentation, the patient required assistance with activities of daily living. On neurological examination, she was found to have Gerstmann’s syndrome along with appendicular apraxia. A positional tremor was noted without myoclonus or fasciculations. She had a paucity of speech and was unable to write her own name. Snout and grasp reflexes were present. Episodes of inappropriate laughter were noted during the exam. She was admitted to the inpatient neurology service for further evaluation. The Diffusion Weighted Imaging sequence on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain was negative for restricted diffusion. An electroencephalogram was unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis for Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion assay was positive along with an elevated 14-3-3 and increased total Tau protein levels. There was no family history of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. The cerebral spinal fluid results were consistent with a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, despite the negative MRI brain findings.

scholarly journals A Case of Bilateral Hearing Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-627
Author(s):  
Boris Ryabtsev ◽  
Matthew Slane
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Bilateral Hearing Loss ◽  
Prominent Symptom ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiogram ◽  
Occipital Lobes

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old male presented to the emergency department with acute onset of bilateral hearing loss as well as vertigo and severe vomiting. The Head Impulse– Nystagmus–Test of Skew exam was indicative of a central neurologic process. Computed tomography angiogram of the head and neck revealed near-total bilateral vertebral artery occlusions in the second and third segments. The patient was admitted for further evaluation; subsequent magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple areas of infarction in the cerebellar hemispheres, medulla, and occipital lobes. Discussion: This case describes a unique presentation of a posterior stroke. Common symptoms include vertigo, loss of balance, and vomiting. However, bilateral hearing loss as a prominent symptom is uncommon. Imaging revealed a rare finding of bilateral vertebral artery occlusion.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging does not contribute to the diagnosis of chronic neuroborreliosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aalto ◽  
J. Sjöwall ◽  
L. Davidsson ◽  
P. Forsberg ◽  
Ö. Smedby
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Borrelia infections, especially chronic neuroborreliosis (NB), may cause considerable diagnostic problems. This diagnosis is based on symptoms and findings in the cerebrospinal fluid but is not always conclusive. Purpose: To evaluate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in chronic NB, to compare the findings with healthy controls, and to correlate MRI findings with disease duration. Material and Methods: Sixteen well-characterized patients with chronic NB and 16 matched controls were examined in a 1.5T scanner with a standard head coil. T1- (with and without gadolinium), T2-, and diffusion-weighted imaging plus fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging were used. Results: White matter lesions and lesions in the basal ganglia were seen in 12 patients and 10 controls (no significant difference). Subependymal lesions were detected in patients down to the age of 25 and in the controls down to the age of 43. The number of lesions was correlated to age both in patients (ρ = 0.83, P<0.01) and in controls (ρ = 0.61, P<0.05), but not to the duration of disease. Most lesions were detected with FLAIR, but many also with T2-weighted imaging. Conclusion: A number of MRI findings were detected in patients with chronic NB, although the findings were unspecific when compared with matched controls and did not correlate with disease duration. However, subependymal lesions may constitute a potential finding in chronic NB.

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