scholarly journals Spinal myoclonus: report of four cases

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Pitágoras de Mattos ◽  
Ana Lúcia Z. Rosso ◽  
Antonio J. V. Carneiro ◽  
Sergio Novis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Devic’S Disease ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
Fourth Patient ◽  
Devic's Disease ◽  
Spinal Myoclonus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time

Four cases of spinal myoclonus are described, three males and one female. The mean age was 51 years (28-75 years). The mean time between the onset of the myelopathy and the myoclonic jerks was 4.3 months (1-8 months). The involuntary movements were determined by trauma, Devic's disease, tuberculous myelopathy and tumor. Three patients had spastic paraplegia with bilateral myoclonus more evident on the right side. The fourth patient had a flaccid paraplegia with symmetrical jerks. The data suggest that different processes (trauma, demyelinating, infection and tumor) affecting the spinal cord may cause the same type of involuntary movements.

scholarly journals Carpal tunnel syndrome and manual milking: nerve conduction studies in 43 cases

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (3b) ◽  
pp. 747-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Aris Kouyoumdjian ◽  
Rogério Gayer Machado de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time

From 1989 to 2004, 3125 consecutive patients had electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS); from these 43 cases (1.38%) were associated to manual milking; mean age was 44.9 years and 88.4% were male. The mean time in the milking profession was 247 months; the mean daily milking time was 146 minutes; symptoms referred at electrodiagnostic consultation had lasted on average 34 months, 83% were bilateral. The median sensory nerve conduction study was abnormal in 75.6% to the right and 66.7% to the left hand. The median nerve motor distal latency (MDL) was abnormal in 92.1% to the right and in 80.0% to the left hand. There were no differences between right and left for all electrophysiological parameters. In CTS related to manual milking most cases were men, with the MDL more affected than the sensory distal latencies and the electrophysiological abnormalities were found to be symmetric. Manual milking could be a natural model for occupational CTS. In contrast to idiopathic CTS, there was a greater involvement of motor fascicles; this finding is remarkable for CTS.

On some aspects of the life and work of John Burdon Sanderson Haldane, F. R. S., in India

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-237 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Presidency College ◽  
Statistical Institute ◽  
Trunk Road ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indian Statistical ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time

The area of Baranagore on the northern outskirts of Calcutta consists of various industries and factories interspersed with small neighbourhoods of middle-class homes. The main artery o f transport is the Barrackpore Trunk Road, a wide and straight thoroughfare originally built by the British Colonial rulers for the rapid movement of their troops from their barracks to the strategic sea-port of Calcutta. The Indian Statistical Institute occupies several city blocks along this highway. It was founded by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, F.R.S., in the early 1930s as a small Statistical Laboratory at the Presidency College, Calcutta, where he was then the Professor o f Physics. At the time of Haldane’s arrival in India the institute employed 2000 workers. On 4 January 1958 I was ushered into a classroom on the second floor of the institute to await Haldane’s arrival. I had never met him before that date. I had read a great deal about his bad temper, ferocity and eccentric behaviour in the popular press. In response to my request for a research position under his direction, Haldane had earlier tested my knowledge in plant genetics with some assignments and was satisfied to the extent that he offered me a scholarship at the institute. In the mean time I was personally interviewed by Mahalanobis in New Delhi at Haldane’s request. As I was waiting for Haldane that morning I was far from certain that I had made the right decision to work with him.

scholarly journals Predictors of intramedullary lesion expansion rate on MR images of patients with subaxial spinal cord injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Le ◽  
Bizhan Aarabi ◽  
David S. Hersh ◽  
Kathirkamanthan Shanmuganathan ◽  
Cara Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

OBJECT Studies of preclinical spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodents indicate that expansion of intramedullary lesions (IMLs) seen on MR images may be amenable to neuroprotection. In patients with subaxial SCI and motor-complete American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) Grade A or B, IML expansion has been shown to be approximately 900 μm/hour. In this study, the authors investigated IML expansion in a cohort of patients with subaxial SCI and AIS Grade A, B, C, or D. METHODS Seventy-eight patients who had at least 2 MRI scans within 6 days of SCI were enrolled. Data were analyzed by regression analysis. RESULTS In this cohort, the mean age was 45.3 years (SD 18.3 years), 73 patients were injured in a motor vehicle crash, from a fall, or in sport activities, and 77% of them were men. The mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 26.7 (SD 16.7), and the AIS grade was A in 23 patients, B in 7, C in 7, and D in 41. The mechanism of injury was distraction in 26 patients, compression in 22, disc/osteophyte complex in 29, and Chance fracture in 1. The mean time between injury onset and the first MRI scan (Interval 1) was 10 hours (SD 8.7 hours), and the mean time to the second MRI scan (Interval 2) was 60 hours (SD 29.6 hours). The mean IML lengths of the first and second MR images were 38.8 mm (SD 20.4 mm) and 51 mm (SD 36.5 mm), respectively. The mean time from the first to the second MRI scan (Interval 3) was 49.9 hours (SD 28.4 hours), and the difference in IML lengths was 12.6 mm (SD 20.7 mm), reflecting an expansion rate of 366 μm/ hour (SD 710 μm/hour). IML expansion in patients with AIS Grades A and B was 918 μm/hour (SD 828 μm/hour), and for those with AIS Grades C and D, it was 21 μm/hour (SD 304 μm/hour). Univariate analysis indicated that AIS Grade A or B versus Grades C or D (p < 0.0001), traction (p= 0.0005), injury morphology (p < 0.005), the surgical approach (p= 0.009), vertebral artery injury (p= 0.02), age (p < 0.05), ISS (p < 0.05), ASIA motor score (p < 0.05), and time to decompression (p < 0.05) were all predictors of lesion expansion. In multiple regression analysis, however, the sole determinant of IML expansion was AIS grade (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS After traumatic subaxial cervical spine or spinal cord injury, patients with motor-complete injury (AIS Grade A or B) had a significantly higher rate of IML expansion than those with motor-incomplete injury (AIS Grade C or D).

scholarly journals Involuntary movements and AIDS: report op seven cases and review of the literature

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Pitágoras de Mattos ◽  
Ana Lúcia Z. Rosso ◽  
Rosalie Branco Corrêa ◽  
Sérgio Novis
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
Aids Virus ◽  
Rubral Tremor ◽  
Spinal Myoclonus ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aids Diagnosis

We studied 1086 AIDS patients in the last six years. Of these 389 (35.82%) had neurological manifestation and 7 (1.8%) male patients had abnormal involuntary movements (parkinsonism in 3, hemichorea-hemiballism in 2, spinal myoclonus in 1 and rubral tremor in another). All patients were men, 5 white and 2 black. Four were homosexual, 2 drug-users and 1 bisexual. The mean age was 33.14 years. The time between AIDS diagnosis and the onset of movement disorders was 23.8 months in 5 patients and in 2 it was the first symptom. The parkinsonian patients did not show any opportunistic infection in conection with the neurological symptoms but in the remaining four cases this relationship was suggested. The data showed that not only the opportunistic infection but also the AIDS virus may play an important role on the development of involuntary movements.

Conception of Assistive Equipment for Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Lap Nam Wong ◽  
Yue Zhen Hong ◽  
Jian Feng Sui ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Lin Hong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Mobility is the urgent requisite of post spinal cord injury (SCI) patient. Since the alternative and compensatory approach is considered as the major function of mobility assistive device for post-SCI patients, the device should possess capability to acclimate to the ‘abnormal’ gait generate by the patients who usually undergo alternative and compensatory rehabilitation in their neural circuit. The functional ability of individual should be taking into account. Yet according to the requirement of neuro-protective treatment in post-SCI rehabilitation processing, locomotor-like activity is still an essential factor to patient. This study presents a novel concept and prototype of assistive technology base on foot control strategy to take an equilibrium between mobility and gait realization. To demonstrate that foot-induced over-ground locomotor assistive method is capable of achieving locomotor-like activity (dragging step), simulation analysis and prototype preliminary experiment have been conducted. Simulation analysis show that foot-induced assistance can allow more volitional activity compare to the hip-knee-induced assistive device. Yet the input and disturbance act on such kind of device may be increased. Surface electromyography (sEMG) from muscles of lower limb (right rectus femoris, right biceps femoris and right gluteus maximus) have been recorded during the preliminary experiment, and the mean of integrated EMG (iEMG) was used as evaluation of muscle activity. The result of the testing show that the mean of iEMG in the right gluteus maximus was reduced in the swing phase when the subject moving ahead with the prototype, but no significant change in the right rectus femoris. It may imply that foot-induced over-ground locomotor assistive device can reduce the muscle activity when patient complete locomotor-like movement and retain some amount of residual recruitment of lower limb, instead of substituting arbitrarily.

Coordination of mucociliary transport in human trachea and intrapulmonary airways

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Yeates ◽  
B. R. Pitt ◽  
D. M. Spektor ◽  
G. A. Karron ◽  
R. E. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Human Trachea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tracheal Mucus ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Made In

A wide range of both mucus velocities in the trachea and rates of bronchial mucociliary clearance have been measured in humans. To investigate the coordination of mucociliary transport in the intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary airways, simultaneous measurements of tracheal mucus velocity and lung clearance were made in 22 healthy nonsmoking adults. Each subject inhaled several breaths of an iron oxide aerosol tagged with 99mTc. Measurements of retained activity in the right lung were made for 2.25 h with a pair of 5 x 2 in. NaI (T1) detectors. Tracheal mucociliary transport rates (TMTR) were measured with a probe containing six vertically aligned rectangular NaI (T1) detectors. The mean TMTR was 5.1 +/- 2.9 mm/min. The mean time for the first bolus to be detected on the multidetector probe (large airway transit time, LATT) was 52 +/- 24 min. At this time the percent cleared (Bi) was 24 +/- 15% and the rate of clearance (Bi) was 0.64 +/- 0.35%/min. The mean percent cleared within a 2-h interval (B120) was 51 +/- 22%. The TMTR was closely correlated with Bi and Bi with B120. The TMTR was also correlated to B120, but not closely correlated with LATT. It is suggesting that coordination of mucus transport throughout the airways of the lung represents the nonchallenged state and is responsible for the maintenance of normal bronchial toilet.

Pulmonary and hepatic metastasectomy in colorectal cancer–is it worth it

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14574-14574
Author(s):  
G. Demir ◽  
R. U. Gürsu ◽  
S. Pekmezci ◽  
K. Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Postoperative Chemotherapy ◽  
Pulmonary Metastasectomy ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time

14574 Forty eight patients (24 males and 24 females) with colorectal carcinoma and lung or hepatic metastasis who had undergone metastasectomy were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age was 58.12±8.34 years (43–79 years). The mean age of the males was 60.16±8.21 years (47–79 years), while it was 56.08±8.13 years in the females (43–71 years). Among the 48 metastasectomies that were performed, 11 were pulmonary metastases, and 37 were hepatic metastases. The mean time to the hepatic metastasectomy after primary surgery was 324.37±420.04. Among the hepatic metastases, one was located in the caudate lobe, 16 were located in the right lobe, and 20 were located in the left lobe. Thirty of the patients had received postoperative chemotherapy after liver metastasectomy. Twenty two of the patients who underwent liver metastasectomy (59%) had a recurrence. In 14 of these, (38%) the recurrence was in the liver. Overall survival of the patients with liver metastasectomy was 914.19±577.08 days. Survival after metastasectomy was 578.80±331.54 days. On the other hand, the mean time to pulmonary metastasectomy after primary surgery was 811.81±552.06 days. Eight of the lung metastases were located in the right lobe, whereas 3 were located in the left lobe. Three patients had concomittant metastases in the right upper and lower lobes, and one patient had additional liver metastasis. Eight of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy had received postoperative chemotherapy. Five of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy (45%) had a recurrence. Two of the patients had recurrence in the lung, while 3 had recurrence elsewhere. Overall survival of the patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy after initial surgery was 1341.54±816.21 days. Survival after metastasectomy was 528.81±365.45 days while recurrence-free survival after pulmonary metastasctomy was 342.18±125.71 days. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with pulmonary metastasectomies have even beter clinical outcomes then hepatic metastasectomies in patients with metastatic coloercatla cencer. Every effort should be made to perform both pulmonary and hepatic metastasectomies in this group of patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals On the causes which influence the direction of the growth of roots. By Thomas Andrew Knight, Esq. F. R. S. In a letter to the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. P. R. S

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 398-400
Keyword(s):  
The Mean ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fibrous Roots ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Mean Time

In a former paper Mr. Knight showed the influence of gravitation on the plumule and radicle of germinating seeds; in the present he considers the fibrous roots, which, with little comparative regard to gravity, extend themselves in whatever direction the greatest nutriment or moisture is to be found, with an appearance of predilection, which some naturalists have been disposed to compare to animal instinct. Mr. Knight examines whether this comparison has any foundation. He remarks, that when trees which require moisture are near to water, by far the greatest part of their roots extend themselves in that direction; but when those to which a dry soil is more congenial are placed in the same situation, their roots take an opposite course. When a tree is placed upon a wall, at a distance from the ground, its powers appear directed exclusively to one object; its roots are extended with well-directed efforts to reach the soil beneath, while its branches are in the mean time stinted in their growth; but as soon as the roots have entered the soil, the branches then grow with vigour and rapidity.

scholarly journals Movement disorders in 28 HIV-infected patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (3A) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Pitágoras de Mattos ◽  
Ana Lúcia Zuma de Rosso ◽  
Rosalie Branco Corrêa ◽  
Sérgio A.P. Novis
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Involuntary Movements ◽  
Holmes Tremor ◽  
Spinal Myoclonus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mass Lesions

From 1986 to 1999, 2460 HIV-positive inpatients were seen in our Hospital. Neurological abnormalities were detected in 1053 (42.8%) patients. In this group, 28 (2.7%) had involuntary movements, 14 (50%) with secondary parkinsonism, six (21.4%) with hemichorea/hemiballismus, four (14.2%) with myoclonus, two (7.2%) with painful legs and moving toes, one (3.6%) with hemidystonia and one (3.6%) with Holmes' tremor. The HIV itself (12 patients), toxoplasmosis of the midbrain (1) and metoclopramide-related symptoms (1) were the most probable causes for the parkinsonism. All patients with hemichorea/hemiballismus were men and in all of them toxoplasmosis of the basal ganglia, mostly on the right side, was the cause of the involuntary movements. Generalized myoclonus was seen in two patients and they were due to toxoplasmosis and HIV-encephalopathy respectively; two others presented with spinal myoclonus. The two patients with painful legs and moving toes had an axonal neuropathy. The patient with hemidystonia suffered from toxoplasmosis in the basal ganglia and the patient with Holmes' tremor had co-infection with tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis affecting the midbrain and cerebellum. We conclude that HIV-infected patients can present almost any movement disorder. They can be related to opportunistic infections, medications, mass lesions and possibly to a direct or indirect effect of the HIV itself.

scholarly journals Architecture of the Great Pyramid of Giza Concept and Construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Yasseen
Keyword(s):  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Great Pyramid ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Massive Number ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Egyptian Soil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Lime Stone

Egyptian culture of the old kingdom was locally and regionally simple and efficient; belief was in the sky and humanism was regulated by Ma’at as the key concept in Egyptian mentality. IUNU was the capital of the black land KEMET where ”IUNU UNIVERSITY” is located. Physics were well studied; was already known; the right angle triangle of members 3, 4, and 5 with the 53o angle was in use. Supremacy was integrated on earth by multiple interpretations in architecture. The great pyramid of Giza was and still the best magnificent structure ever built on earth without having contemporary science’s final word been said. Massive lime stone blocks are now arranged there in a huge massive number of about two and half million pieces; their weight could reach 6.5 million tons. Conceptually there was a strong belief that symbolism connects hot spots on the Egyptian soil as it represented the known world, as well as the main stars were connected in multiple constellations on the dome of the observed sky. Pyramids of Giza plateau, Saqqara plateau, and Abusir plateau were all examples of that concept. Other pyramids of Iunu era were also related to the same concept. Structurally the Giza axis coincided on the Giza plateau. Giza plateau was a part of the Moqattam plateau during the Eocene formation. Pyramids on the worked out surface of the plateau were built with the local lime stone. Pyramids’ blocks were extracted, shaped and transported to its definite place within the precinct of the plateau. Chiseled pieces of stone - as waste from shaping blocks - were thrown out on the northern edge of the plateau. Constructional perception of what and why the Khufu pyramid took that shape shows some facts; two hundred courses composed the total existed mass where each group of courses composed a layer. Each layer started with thicker course and ended in thinner ones. Higher layers got lesser courses. So far, one should start thinking now why there were layers; why thicker and thinner courses existed. In the mean time as mortar was not in use by that time, pyramids –as in Saqqara- were formed in inclined walls, as shown in the adjacent photo. In addition, inclined walls must have formed the whole structure of Khufu pyramid.

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