scholarly journals Nocturnal panic attacks

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (3B) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana L. Lopes ◽  
Antonio E. Nardi ◽  
Isabella Nascimento ◽  
Alexandre M. Valença ◽  
Walter A Zin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

The panic-respiration connection has been presented with increasing evidences in the literature. We report three panic disorder patients with nocturnal panic attacks with prominent respiratory symptoms, the overlapping of the symptoms with the sleep apnea syndrome and a change of the diurnal panic attacks, from spontaneous to situational pattern. The implication of these findings and awareness to the distinct core of the nocturnal panic attacks symptoms may help to differentiate them from sleep disorders and the search for specific treatment.

Sleep Disorders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhansu Chokroverty
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Mechanism

Recent research has generated an enormous fund of knowledge about the neurobiology of sleep and wakefulness. Sleeping and waking brain circuits can now be studied by sophisticated neuroimaging techniques that map different areas of the brain during different sleep states and stages. Although the exact biologic functions of sleep are not known, sleep is essential, and sleep deprivation leads to impaired attention and decreased performance. Sleep is also believed to have restorative, conservative, adaptive, thermoregulatory, and consolidative functions. This review discusses the physiology of sleep, including its two independent states, rapid eye movement (REM) and non–rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, as well as functional neuroanatomy, physiologic changes during sleep, and circadian rhythms. The classification and diagnosis of sleep disorders are discussed generally. The diagnosis and treatment of the following disorders are described: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy-cataplexy sydrome, idiopathic hypersomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements in sleep, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, insomnias, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, and parasomnias. Sleep-related movement disorders and the relationship between sleep and psychiatric disorders are also discussed. Tables describe behavioral and physiologic characteristics of states of awareness, the international classification of sleep disorders, common sleep complaints, comorbid insomnia disorders, causes of excessive daytime somnolence, laboratory tests to assess sleep disorders, essential diagnostic criteria for RLS and Willis-Ekbom disease, and drug therapy for insomnia. Figures include polysomnographic recording showing wakefulness in an adult; stage 1, 2, and 3 NREM sleep in an adult; REM sleep in an adult; a patient with sleep apnea syndrome; a patient with Cheyne-Stokes breathing; a patient with RLS; and a patient with dream-enacting behavior; schematic sagittal section of the brainstem of the cat; schematic diagram of the McCarley-Hobson model of REM sleep mechanism; the Lu-Saper “flip-flop” model; the Luppi model to explain REM sleep mechanism; and a wrist actigraph from a man with bipolar disorder. This review contains 14 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, 115 references, and 5 MCQs.

scholarly journals Sleep disorder: a possible cause of attention deficit in children and adolescents with Chiari malformation type II

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Azeredo Henriques Filho ◽  
Riccardo Pratesi
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit may be related to sleep disorders in Chiari malformation type II (CMII). Our aim is identify sleep disorders and their specific contribution in attention deficit. METHOD: We selected 24 patients with CM II and 24 without CM II. DSM-IV criteria and a neuropsychological analysis were applied in all. All patients underwent full night polysomnography. RESULTS: 14 CM II patients presented sleep apnea syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder and periodic limb movement in sleep; six patients without CM II presented sleep apnea syndrome. Among these patients, 12 (six with CM II and six without CM II) presented attention deficit related to the sleep disorders. CONCLUSION: Sleep disorders may impair cognitive functions, as attention, and contribute to poor quality of learning also in patients with CM II.

scholarly journals The efficiency of obesity treatment in patients with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. Strueva ◽  
Galina A. Mel'nichenko ◽  
Mikhail G. Poluektov ◽  
Larisa V. Savel'eva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Clinically Significant

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dynamics of body weight and sleep disorders in the treatment of obesity.Materials and methods. The study included 200 obese patients: 83 men and 117 women.Results. Complaints about problems sleeping (snoring, hypersomnia, insomnia, etc.) were present in 78% of obese patients. 89 patients were under the observation of an endocrinologist for 7 ± 1 months, they were divided into three matched by age, sex and BMI groups: patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) (n = 42), the second – with the syndrome of insomnia (n = 19), the third (control group) – patients without sleep disorders (n = 24). After treatment of obesity the weight loss in patients with insomnia syndrome was -2.5 [-4; 0]kg, in patients with OSAS -7 [-18; -2] kg, in patients without sleep disorders -6.5 [-12; -2.25] kg. Clinically significant weight reduction was reached in 25 (59.5%) patients with OSAS; 3 (16%) – with insomnia syndrome; 15 (62.5%) – without sleep disorders.Conclusion. Thus, the insomnia syndrome essentially influences the obesity treatment results – most of patients with this sleep disorder (81.2%) do not achieve clinically significant weight loss. The presence and severity of breathing disorders during sleep do not prevent weight loss. However, with the regular use of CPAP-therapy in patients with OSAS has a tendency of greater reduction of body weight. 

Sleep Disorders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhansu Chokroverty
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Mechanism

Recent research has generated an enormous fund of knowledge about the neurobiology of sleep and wakefulness. Sleeping and waking brain circuits can now be studied by sophisticated neuroimaging techniques that map different areas of the brain during different sleep states and stages. Although the exact biologic functions of sleep are not known, sleep is essential, and sleep deprivation leads to impaired attention and decreased performance. Sleep is also believed to have restorative, conservative, adaptive, thermoregulatory, and consolidative functions. This review discusses the physiology of sleep, including its two independent states, rapid eye movement (REM) and non–rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, as well as functional neuroanatomy, physiologic changes during sleep, and circadian rhythms. The classification and diagnosis of sleep disorders are discussed generally. The diagnosis and treatment of the following disorders are described: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy-cataplexy sydrome, idiopathic hypersomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements in sleep, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, insomnias, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, and parasomnias. Sleep-related movement disorders and the relationship between sleep and psychiatric disorders are also discussed. Tables describe behavioral and physiologic characteristics of states of awareness, the international classification of sleep disorders, common sleep complaints, comorbid insomnia disorders, causes of excessive daytime somnolence, laboratory tests to assess sleep disorders, essential diagnostic criteria for RLS and Willis-Ekbom disease, and drug therapy for insomnia. Figures include polysomnographic recording showing wakefulness in an adult; stage 1, 2, and 3 NREM sleep in an adult; REM sleep in an adult; a patient with sleep apnea syndrome; a patient with Cheyne-Stokes breathing; a patient with RLS; and a patient with dream-enacting behavior; schematic sagittal section of the brainstem of the cat; schematic diagram of the McCarley-Hobson model of REM sleep mechanism; the Lu-Saper “flip-flop” model; the Luppi model to explain REM sleep mechanism; and a wrist actigraph from a man with bipolar disorder. This review contains 14 highly rendered figures, 8 tables, 115 references, and 5 MCQs.

Rediscovering the importance of nasal breathing in sleep or, shut your mouth and save your sleep

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lavie
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

AbstractRecent research, stimulated by the growing awareness of the sleep apnea syndrome, has shown that nasal breathing plays a major role in the regulation of respiration in sleep. These observations are not new; they confirm century-old clinical findings on the importance of nasal breathing in sleep. The earliest account of the deleterious effects of mouth breathing in sleep was made by Lemnious Levinus towards the end of the sixteenth century. Two hundred years later, Catlin dedicated an entire book to the superiority of nasal breathing over mouth breathing in sleep; and in the late 1800's, Cline, Wells, Griffin and others showed that obstructed nasal breathing causes sleep disorders.

scholarly journals Association of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Obesity with Apnea-Hypopnea Index in Adult Patients Suspected of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Nikki Lorraine Y. King-Chao ◽  
Michael A. Sarte
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Objective: To determine whether excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) as assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) in patients suspected of OSAS and whether obesity as assessed by BMI is associated with AHI. Methods: Study Design:            Non-Concurrent Cohort Study Setting:                       Tertiary Private Hospital Population:                The charts of 389 patients suspected to have sleep disorders and referred for polysomnography (PSG) at the Center for Snoring and Sleep Disorders in year 2009 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 19 and above with complete data. A total of 238 patient charts were included in the study. Results:The study included a total of 238 patient charts. Results showed no significant association between ESS and AHI (p-value >0.05), even when correlated with the different severities of OSAS (p-value>0.05). Sensitivity and specificity of ESS was found to be 54% and 57%, respectively, indicating that ESS is not a sensitive and specific tool to predict the presence of OSAS. These findings suggest that ESS may not be able to significantly identify patients with OSAS. However, BMI showed a significant association with ESS (p-value<0.05), representing more patients with EDS belonging to the obese category. Conversely, obese patients were twice more likely to have EDS, represented by ESS scores of ³10. BMI wasalso significantly associated with AHI using one-way Anova test. Conclusion: This report concludes that the ESS alone is insufficient to identify patients with OSAS. Nevertheless, questionnaires like the ESS supplement relevant history to help diagnose patients with sleep disorders, particularly OSAS. On the other hand, the ESS showed a significant association with BMI, representing more obese patients had excessive daytime sleepiness. The likelihood ratio of having excessive daytime sleepiness is 2 times more for obese patients. BMI was also significantly associated with AHI, which confirms the well established relationship of obesity with OSAS, and shows that obese patients are at higher risk for severe OSAS. Keywords:obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, daytime sleepiness, Epworth sleepiness scale, polysomnography, apnea-hypopnea index,  body-mass index.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10277
Author(s):  
Manlio Santilli ◽  
Eugenio Manciocchi ◽  
Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽  
Erica Di Maria ◽  
Michele D’Attilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorder ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep breathing disorder that often remains undiagnosed and untreated. OSAS prevalence is increasing exponentially. Starting on the dentist’s role as an epidemiological and diagnostic “sentinel”, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSAS. The clinical diaries of 4659 patients were reviewed through a single-center retrospective analytic study. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Only 0.26% of patients reported to suffer from sleep apnea and were then diagnosed with OSAS. It was found that, out of 4487 patients, 678 suffered from hypertension (14.80%), 188 from gastro-esophageal-reflux-disease (GERD = 4.10%) and 484 from gastritis (10.78%). These results could be related to a difficult diagnosis of OSAS and to the absence of a dedicated section on sleep disorders in medical records. Therefore, the introduction of a question dedicated to sleep disorders, the administration of questionnaires (such as the STOP-BANG questionnaire) for early diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach and pneumological examination could support the dentist in identifying patients at risk of OSAS.

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