Agenesis of the posterior arch of the atlas

PURPOSE: To illustrate the radiological findings and review the current literature concerning a rare congenital abnormality of the posterior arch of the atlas. CASE REPORT: An adult female without neurological symptoms presented with an absent posterior arch of the atlas, examined with plain films and helical computerized tomography. Complete agenesis of the posterior arch of the atlas is a rare entity that can be easily identified by means of plain films. Although it is generally asymptomatic, atlantoaxial instability and neurological deficits may occur because of structural instability. Computerized tomography provides a means of assessing the extent of this abnormality and can help evaluate the integrity of neural structures. Although considered to be rare entities, defects of the posterior arch of the atlas may be discovered as incidental asymptomatic findings in routine cervical radiographs. Familiarity with this abnormality may aid medical professionals in the correct management of these cases.

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Adult Morquio syndrome requiring occipito-thoracic fusion

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/2309499020918424 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 230949902091842

Author(s):

Ryosuke Okumura ◽

Keiji Hasegawa ◽

Shintarou Tsuge ◽

Katsunori Fukutake ◽

Kazumasa Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Condition ◽

Atlantoaxial Instability ◽

Os Odontoideum ◽

Posterior Arch ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Posterior Decompression ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Thoracic Spinal ◽

Morquio Syndrome ◽

Fragile Bone

Morquio syndrome is a relatively rare entity that is often associated with atlantoaxial instability from early childhood due to odontoid dysplasia based on a mucopolysaccharoidal disorder. Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old male patient with Morquio syndrome who developed cervical myelopathy, which is an extremely rare condition in the older population. Myelopathy developed gradually with upper-limb paresthesia and clumsiness of both hands. The patient had a characteristic “gargoyle-like” coarse face with a trunk shortening-type short stature. Imaging of the cervical spine demonstrated several problems, including diminutive structures called platyspondyly with small pedicles and fragile bone quality, hypoplasia of the C1 posterior arch that migrated into the spinal canal, and os odontoideum with atlantoaxial instability. With intraoperative navigation guidance, posterior decompression of C1 followed by occipito-cervico-thoracic spinal fusion was successfully performed in this complicated case. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were both excellent and have been maintained for 2 years postoperatively.

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Progressive neurological deficits with benign intracerebral cysts

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1986.65.5.0706 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 706-709 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Yoko Nakasu ◽

Jyoji Handa ◽

Kazuyoshi Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Histological Examination ◽

Computerized Tomography ◽

Cyst Wall ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Ct Scanning ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Content Type ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Fine Print

✓ Two patients with benign intracerebral cysts are reported and a brief review of the literature is given. Although computerized tomography (CT) scanning is useful in detecting a variety of intracerebral cysts, the CT findings are not specific for any lesion. An exploratory operation with establishment of an adequate route of drainage and a histological examination of the cyst wall are mandatory in the management of patients with a progressive but benign lesion.

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Use of a titanium mesh cage for posterior atlantoaxial arthrodesis

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/spi.2002.96.1.0127 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 127-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Morio Matsumoto ◽

Kazuhiro Chiba ◽

Takashi Tsuji ◽

Hirofumi Maruiwa ◽

Yoshiaki Toyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Donor Site ◽

Atlantoaxial Instability ◽

Os Odontoideum ◽

Posterior Arch ◽

Rigid Fixation ◽

Titanium Mesh ◽

Content Type ◽

Atlantoaxial Fixation ◽

Mesh Cage ◽

Atlantoaxial Arthrodesis

✓ The authors placed titanium mesh cages to achieve posterior atlantoaxial fixation in five patients with atlantoaxial instability caused by rheumatoid arthritis or os odontoideum. A mesh cage packed with autologous cancellous bone was placed between the C-1 posterior arch and the C-2 lamina and was tightly connected with titanium wires. Combined with the use of transarticular screws, this procedure provided very rigid fixation. Solid fusion was achieved in all patients without major complications. The advantages of this method include more stable fixation, better control of the atlantoaxial fixation angle, and reduced donor-site morbidity compared with a conventional atlantoaxial arthrodesis in which an autologous iliac crest graft is used.

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Serial measurement of regional cerebral blood flow in patients with SAH using 133Xe inhalation and emission computerized tomography

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1984.60.5.0916 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 916-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Bruce Mickey ◽

Sissel Vorstrup ◽

Bo Voldby ◽

Helle Lindewald ◽

Aage Harmsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Computerized Tomography ◽

Cerebral Arteries ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Content Type ◽

Serial Measurement ◽

Regional Flow ◽

Delayed Neurological Deterioration

✓ A noninvasive three-dimensional method for measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF), xenon-133 inhalation and emission computerized tomography, was used to investigate the CBF changes accompanying delayed neurological deterioration following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A total of 67 measurements were performed on 20 patients in Hunt and Hess' clinical Grades I to III in the first 21 days post SAH. Five patients with normal CBF tomograms on admission developed delayed neurological deficits in the 2nd week after hemorrhage, at which time repeat CBF tomograms in four patients revealed large areas of well defined regional flow decrease in the vascular territories of the anterior or middle cerebral arteries. Severe vasospasm was noted in three of these patients in whom arteriography was performed in the 2nd week post SAH. Diffuse bihemispheric CBF decreases were noted later in the course of delayed neurological deficits; however, measurements obtained soon after the onset of focal symptoms suggest that the only CBF decreases directly produced by vasospasm in Grade III patients are regional changes.

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A rare cause of right iliac fossa lump: contained fish bone perforation of caecum

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20204161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 3476

Author(s):

Washim F. Khan ◽

Sandeep Jain ◽

Yashwant S. Rathore ◽

Sunil Chumber

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Iliac Fossa ◽

Exploratory Laparotomy ◽

Right Hemicolectomy ◽

Fish Bone ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Generalized Peritonitis ◽

High Index Of Suspicion

Ingested foreign bodies usually pass uneventfully through the gastrointestinal tract but few of them can cause symptoms. They can get stuck at acute angulations or narrow part of intestine and can perforate leading to localized to generalized peritonitis, collection or abscess formation. We describe a case of 59 year old gentleman who presented with pain in right iliac fossa with fever and a hard, tender lump. Initial investigation revealed a mass in right iliac fossa adherent to anterior abdominal was in right iliac fossa region with a foreign body inside. Patient was managed with exploratory laparotomy, removal of a fish bone from cacecum and limited right hemicolectomy. Fishbone perforation of caecum is a rare entity. Careful corroboration between patient’s presentation and radiological findings with a high index of suspicion is needed for pre-operative diagnosis.

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The application of C2 transpedicular screw, C1 laminar hook fixation and bone graft in the atlantoaxial instability

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine ◽

10.52142/omujecm.38.2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 94-98

Author(s):

Şükrü ORAL

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Accident ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

Atlantoaxial Instability ◽

Posterior Arch ◽

X Rays ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Transpedicular Screw ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

Laminar Hooks

Traumatic atlantoaxial instability usually results from a motor vehicle accident, falls and motorcycle accidents. Atlantoaxial instability can lead to spinal cord compression and neck pain, but, spasticity and radicular symptoms as well. The purpose of surgery is to remove the compression and stabilize the joint permanently. To date, several surgical techniques have been described to remedy C1-C2 instability. In this study, the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who operated with the C1 (Atlas bone) laminar hooks fixation and bilateral C2 (Axis bone) trans-pedicular screw technique were shown. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of this technique are discussed. From March 2010 to December 2017, 12 patients who have atlantoaxial instability were surgically treated by modified fixation technique which consists C1 laminar hooks fixation and bilateral C2 transpedicular screw. Twelve patients were operated with this procedure from March 2010 to December 2017. All the patients were checked with flexion-extension x-rays at the end of the twelfth week. The posterior bony fusion formation was observed on imaging in all patients. C2 bilateral pedicle screw combined with C1 laminar hook system is a good method for atlantoaxial instability in the conditions which is not convenient for insertion of C1 lateral mass and C2 trans-articular screw. However, this method may not be available in some cases such as traumatic, infection, neoplastic or degenerative pathologies in which the posterior arch of the atlas is damaged.

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La cisti sierosa parauretrale in una neonata

Medico e Bambino ◽

10.53126/meb40054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 54-54

Author(s):

Italo Marinelli

Keyword(s):

Congenital Abnormality ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Cystic Mass ◽

Spontaneous Resolution ◽

Rare Congenital Abnormality ◽

Methods Of Treatment

Paraurethral or Skene’s duct cysts are a rare congenital abnormality in the female neonate and are characterised by a round, yellow or orange-coloured cystic mass on either side of the urethra meatus. Excision, marsupialization and needle aspiration of the cyst are all effective methods of treatment. However, spontaneous resolution has also been observed as reported in the present case.

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Unicuspid unicommissural aortic valve in young adult: Rare congenital abnormality presenting as symptomatic and severe aortic stenosis

Journal of The Indian Academy of Echocardiography & Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.4103/jiae.jiae_49_18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 180

Author(s):

Rahul Mehrotra ◽

Raj Kumar ◽

ShowkatHussain Bhat ◽

Bharat Bansal ◽

Rajesh Karanjiya

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Aortic Stenosis ◽

Congenital Abnormality ◽

Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽

Rare Congenital Abnormality

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IMFT of the sigmoid colon: a case report

Journal of Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1093/jscr/rjz334 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Narendra Pandit ◽

Tek Narayan Yadav ◽

Deepa Shrestha ◽

Purbesh Adhikari ◽

Laligen Awale

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Sigmoid Colon ◽

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽

Stromal Tumor ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Bleeding Per Rectum ◽

Uncommon Case ◽

Inflammatory Infiltrates

Abstract Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMFT) of the colon is a very rare entity, characterized by proliferation of myofibroblast cells admixed with inflammatory infiltrates. The entity was first described in the late 1990s, and since then less than 30 cases have been described. It frequently mimics other neoplasm of the colon, such as adenocarcinoma, lymphoma and stromal tumor, and is very difficult to clinch the diagnosis preoperatively based on the clinical and radiological findings. Here, we discuss an uncommon case of sigmoid IMFT in a 35-year old male, presenting with bleeding per rectum and managed successfully by colectomy.

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