scholarly journals Optimization of particle bombardment parameters for the genetic transformation of Brazilian maize inbred lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Pereira Petrillo ◽  
Newton Portilho Carneiro ◽  
Antônio Álvaro Corsetti Purcino ◽  
Carlos Henrique Siqueira Carvalho ◽  
José Donizeti Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Genetic ◽  
Foreign Genes ◽  
Genetic Transformation System

The objective of this work was to develop a genetic transformation system for tropical maize genotypes via particle bombardment of immature zygotic embryos. Particle bombardment was carried out using a genetic construct with bar and uidA genes under control of CaMV35S promoter. The best conditions to transform maize tropical inbred lines L3 and L1345 were obtained when immature embryos were cultivated, prior to the bombardment, in higher osmolarity during 4 hours and bombarded at an acceleration helium gas pressure of 1,100 psi, two shots per plate, and a microcarrier flying distance of 6.6 cm. Transformation frequencies obtained using these conditions ranged from 0.9 to 2.31%. Integration of foreign genes into the genome of maize plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis as well as bar and uidA gene expressions. The maize genetic transformation protocol developed in this work will possibly improve the efficiency to produce new transgenic tropical maize lines expressing desirable agronomic characteristics.

Stable genetic transformation of Larix gmelinii L. by particle bombardment of zygotic embryos

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Lin ◽  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
Katsuaki Takechi ◽  
Susumu Takio ◽  
Kanji Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Zygotic Embryos

scholarly journals Plant regeneration and transformation of Trachyspermum ammi using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and zygotic embryos

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Nomani ◽  
Masoud Tohidfar
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Transformed Plants ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi

Abstract Background Trachyspermum ammi is one of the key medicinal plant species with many beneficial properties. Thymol is the most important substance in the essential oil of this plant. Thymol is a natural monoterpene phenol with high anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant properties. Thymol in the latest research has a significant impact on slowing the progression of cancer cells in human. In this research, embryos were employed as convenient explants for the fast and effectual regeneration and transformation of T. ammi. To regenerate this plant, Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Gamborg's B5 (B5) media were supplemented with diverse concentrations of plant growth regulators, such as 6-benzyladenine (BA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and kinetin (kin). Transgenic Trachyspermum ammi plants were also obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and zygotic embryos explants. Moreover, two Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (EHA101 and LBA4404) harboring pBI121-TPS2 were utilized for genetic transformation to Trachyspermum ammi. Results According to the obtained results, the highest plant-regeneration frequency was obtained with B5 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BA and 1 mg/l NAA. The integrated gene was also approved using the PCR reaction and the Southern blot method. Results also showed that the EHA101 strain outperformed another strain in inoculation time (30 s) and co-cultivation period (1 day) (transformation efficiency 19.29%). Furthermore, HPLC method demonstrated that the transformed plants contained a higher thymol level than non-transformed plants. Conclusions In this research, a fast protocol was introduced for the regeneration and transformation of Trachyspermum ammi, using zygotic embryo explants in 25–35 days. Our findings confirmed the increase in the thymol in the aerial part of Trachyspermum ammi. We further presented an efficacious technique for enhancing thymol content in Trachyspermum ammi using Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation system that can be beneficial in genetic transformation and other plant biotechnology techniques.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Genetic Transformation System in Guanophilic Fungus Amphichorda guana

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Min Liang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Landa Qi ◽  
Guocan Chen ◽  
Lei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Major Facilitator Superfamily ◽  
Protoplast Regeneration ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Genetic Transformation System ◽  
Major Facilitator

Fungi from unique environments exhibit special physiological characters and plenty of bioactive natural products. However, the recalcitrant genetics or poor transformation efficiencies prevent scientists from systematically studying molecular biological mechanisms and exploiting their metabolites. In this study, we targeted a guanophilic fungus Amphichorda guana LC5815 and developed a genetic transformation system. We firstly established an efficient protoplast preparing method by conditional optimization of sporulation and protoplast regeneration. The regeneration rate of the protoplast is up to about 34.6% with 0.8 M sucrose as the osmotic pressure stabilizer. To develop the genetic transformation, we used the polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation, and the testing gene AG04914 encoding a major facilitator superfamily transporter was deleted in strain LC5815, which proves the feasibility of this genetic manipulation system. Furthermore, a uridine/uracil auxotrophic strain was created by using a positive screening protocol with 5-fluoroorotic acid as a selective reagent. Finally, the genetic transformation system was successfully established in the guanophilic fungus strain LC5815, which lays the foundation for the molecular genetics research and will facilitate the exploitation of bioactive secondary metabolites in fungi.

Genotypic variation and relationships among traits for root morphology in a panel of tropical maize inbred lines under contrasting nitrogen levels

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Gomes Torres ◽  
Diego Gonçalves Caixeta ◽  
Wemerson Mendonça Rezende ◽  
Andreia Schuster ◽  
Camila Ferreira Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Morphology ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Establishment of efficient callus genetic transformation system for Pyrus armeniacaefolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 110429
Author(s):  
Xinhui Wang ◽  
Fengli Zhou ◽  
Jianlong Liu ◽  
Wenqian Liu ◽  
Shaoling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Genetic Transformation System

scholarly journals Establishment of a Tractable Genetic Transformation System in Veillonella spp.

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3488-3491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinman Liu ◽  
Zhoujie Xie ◽  
Justin Merritt ◽  
Fengxia Qi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Shuttle Vector ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genetic Transformation System

ABSTRACTWe have constructed the firstEscherichia coli-Veillonellashuttle vector based on an endogenous plasmid (pVJL1) isolated from a clinicalVeillonellastrain. A highly transformableVeillonellastrain was also identified. Both the shuttle vector and the transformable strain should be valuable tools for futureVeillonellagenetic studies.

scholarly journals Phosphorus acquisition and internal utilization efficiency in tropical maize genotypes

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Netto Parentoni ◽  
Claudio Lopes de Souza Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Available P ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Soil Available P

The objective of this work was to determine the relative importance of phosphorus acquisition efficiency (PAE - plant P uptake per soil available P), and phosphorus internal utilization efficiency (PUTIL - grain yield per P uptake) in the P use efficiency (PUE - grain yield per soil available P), on 28 tropical maize genotypes evaluated at three low P and two high P environments. PAE was almost two times more important than PUTIL to explain the variability observed in PUE, at low P environments, and three times more important at high P environments. These results indicate that maize breeding programs, to increase PUE in these environments, should use selection index with higher weights for PAE than for PUTIL. The correlation between these two traits showed no significance at low or at high P environments, which indicates that selection in one of these traits would not affect the other. The main component of PUTIL was P quotient of utilization (grain yield per grain P) and not the P harvest index (grain P per P uptake). Selection to reduce grain P concentration should increase the quotient of utilization and consequently increase PUTIL.

scholarly journals Response of Assorted Maize Germplasm to the Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Sitta J. ◽  
Nzuve F. M. ◽  
Olubayo F. M. ◽  
Mutinda C. ◽  
Muiru W. M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most widely grown staple food crop in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) and occupies more than 33 million hectares each year. The recent outbreak and rapid spread of the Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) disease has emerged as a great challenge to maize production, threatening food security for the majority of households in the Eastern Africa region with yield loss estimated to be 50-90%. The disease is a result of synergistic interaction between two viruses, Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV). The objective of this study was to identify maize genotypes with resistance to MLN. In season one, 73 maize genotypes comprising 25 inbred lines from research institutes, 30 lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) and 18 farmer varieties were screened for resistance to MLN. In season 2, only 48 genotypes were screened after some of the inbred lines showed complete susceptibility to MLN. These genotypes were grown in three replications in a completely randomized design in polythene bags in the greenhouse at the University of Nairobi. The plants were artificially inoculated using a mixture of SCMV and MCMV. .Weekly MLN disease severity scores using a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = highly resistant and 5 = highly susceptible) and % MLN incidence were recorded and eventually converted into Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) to give an indication of the disease intensity over time. The plants were allowed to grow to flowering stage to observe the effect of the MLN on the maize productivity. Analysis of Variance revealed wide genetic variation among the genotypes ranging from resistant to highly susceptible. In season 1, three farmer varieties namely MLR2, MLR11 and MLR13 showed resistance to MLN with a mean severity score of 2. In season 2, MLN12, MLN17, MLN18, MLN19, and MLR4 showed low MLN severity ranging from 2-3. The genotypes MLR6, MLR9, MLR16 and MLR18 showed MLN severity of 3 and early maturity traits. This study also validated the presence of MLN resistance among some CIMMYT lines depicted to show resistance in previous studies. These resistant genotypes could serve as donors in the introgression of the resistance into the adapted Kenyan maize backgrounds. This will go a long way in ensuring sustainable maize productivity while improving the livelihoods of the small-scale farmers who form the bulk of the major maize producers in Kenya.

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