scholarly journals Foliar spraying with bacterial biocontrol agents for the control of common bacterial blight of bean

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Sangiogo ◽  
Daniela Pimentel Rodriguez ◽  
Renata Moccellin ◽  
Johan Manuel Murcia Bermudez ◽  
Bianca Obes Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bean Leaves

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of foliar spraying with bacterial biocontrol agents (BBAs) on the control of common bacterial blight (CBB) of bean, and on the induction of systemic resistance in bean plants. CBB control by BBAs was evaluated by spraying bean leaves 48 and 24 hours before and after pathogen inoculation (BPI and API, respectively), with: DFs93, Bacillus cereus; DFs513, Pseudomonas veronii; DFs769, B. cereus; the C01 combination, DFs93 + DFs769 + DFs831 (Pseudomonas fluorescens); the C03 combination, DFs348 (Bacillus sp.) + DFs769 + DFs831; and water (control). Systemic effects were analyzed after spraying DFs513, DFs769, C03, and water 72 and 48 hours BPI. Phaseolin production induced by DFs348, DFs513, DFs769, DFs831, and water was also assessed. DFs513, DFs769, and C03 significantly reduced disease incidence (area under disease progress curve), regardless of spraying time and disease severity when sprayed 72 and 48 hours BPI. The DFs769 and DFs831 isolates induced the accumulation of phytoalexin (phaseolin). Therefore, DFs513, DFs769, and C03 show potential for the biocontrol of CBB when applied preventively on bean leaves, besides inducing systemic resistance.

Comparison of Seed Transmission and Survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans in Common Bean Seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. He ◽  
G. P. Munkvold
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Seed Health

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Vauterin (Xap) and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans Schaad et al. (Xff) cause indistinguishable symptoms known as common bacterial blight of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These results confirm a higher disease incidence and seed transmission frequency of Xff compared to Xap and reinforce the need for seed health tests that can differentiate the two species. Accepted for publication 21 August 2013. Published 23 September 2013.

Rooting of bean leaves and use in germplasm evaluation for common bacterial blight resistance

Euphytica ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Mohamed ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Germplasm Evaluation ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Bean Leaves

Rhizobacteria isolated from common bean in southern Italy as potential biocontrol agents against common bacterial blight

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Giorgio ◽  
Pietro Lo Cantore ◽  
Vellasamy Shanmugaiah ◽  
Daniela Lamorte ◽  
Nicola Sante Iacobellis
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight

scholarly journals Association of common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) epidemics with agro ecological factors in Southwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
W Adila ◽  
H Terefe ◽  
A Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia

Common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is an economically important disease of common bean and causes significant yield losses in Ethiopia. A field survey was conducted to understand the spatial distribution, relative importance and association of common bacterial blight epidemics with agro-ecological factors in low and mid-land areas of Southwestern, Ethiopia, during the 2018-19 cropping season. A total 85 bean fields were assessed in four common bean growing districts. High diseases incidence and severity was recorded at Debub Ari (77.6 and 52.7%, respectively) while the lowest was from Male (38.5 and 28.0%, respectively). The associations between disease parameters and agro-ecological factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. Agronomic practices including NPS fertilization, preceding crop, weed management and plant population had highly significant (P<0.0001) association with both disease incidence and severity. Also, altitude, seed source and cropping system significantly (P<0.05) influenced disease severity while cropping pattern showed significant (P<0.05) association with disease incidence in the reduced model. Higher mean disease severity (≥40%) had high probability of association with district, absence of NPS fertilization, poor weed management practice, and preceding crops, than their counter parts. Adequate NPS fertilization increases growth performance of the crop in turn decreases disease intensity, weed serve as alternate host for incoming inoculum and previous crops were source for inocula as well as crop rotation used as reduce inoculum load. Therefore, the present study showed that the disease is a major production constraint of common bean, and suggested proper nutrient and weed management practices, and crop rotation to reduce common bacterial blight in the study areas. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 74-83, June 2021

scholarly journals Management of the Common Bacterial Blight of the Bean by Rhodotorula glutinis and Sporidiobolus johnsonii

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Jeferson C. Carvalho ◽  
Odair J. Kuhn ◽  
Renata F. Barabasz ◽  
Roosevelt M. F. Silva ◽  
Monica C. Sustakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Progress Curve ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sporidiobolus Johnsonii

Bean common bacterial blight reduces crop productivity and is difficult to control. However, biological control by yeast can be an efficient complementary measure in management. The objective was to evaluate the ability of Rhodotorula glutinis and Sporidiobolus johnsonii to reduce the severity of bean common bacterial blight. The cultivar used was IAPAR Tuiui&uacute;. The first experiment was sown in March and repeated in October, in a 4 &times; 3 factorial scheme (zero, one, two and three applications and three treatments R. glutinis, S. johnsonii and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM)). For this purpose were evaluated the area under the disease progress curve (AACPD), number of pods per plant (NVP), number of grains per pod (NGV), thousand grain mass (MMG) and productivity. For the results of the March cultivation, due to the low temperature, the maximum severity of bean common bacterial blight was 8% and the applications of yeasts were not significant for AACPD. The isolate R. glutinis showed the highest average of productivity with two applications, being 1006.44 kg ha-1. For October cultivation, R. glutinis and S. johnsonii isolates reduced AACPD by 66.84 and 58.42%, respectively with three applications. For productivity, R. glutinis and S. johnsonii showed no difference between the number of applications. The ASM showed a productivity of 4418.56 kg ha-1 with three applications. The results indicate that the yeasts R. glutinis and S. johnsonii reduce the severity of bean common bacterial blight and the most appropriate number of applications are two for both isolates.

scholarly journals Epidemic Development of Bacterial Blight on Rice Carrying Resistance Genes Xa-4, Xa-7, and Xa-10

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1337-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Oña ◽  
C. M. Vera Cruz ◽  
Rebecca J. Nelson ◽  
Jan E. Leach ◽  
T. W. Mew
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Diseased Leaf ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Diseased Leaf Area ◽  
Epidemic Development

Epidemic development of bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on three near-isogenic lines (IRBB lines) carrying bacterial blight resistance genes Xa-4 (IRBB4), Xa-7 (IRBB7), and Xa-10 (IRBB10) was studied in two farmers' fields located in Calauan and Mabi-tac, Phillipines, during 1993, 1994, and 1995. The plots were planted continuously during dry and wet seasons, with disease assessments done during the wet seasons, when weather was conducive to bacterial blight development. Disease incidence (number of hills infected) and severity (diseased leaf area) were assessed and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values were computed. Mean disease incidence and severity in Calauan (AUDPC = 3,241.5 and 716.7, respectively) were significantly higher than in Mabitac (AUDPC = 2,431.2 and 558.0, respectively). In Calauan, AUDPC values for disease incidence and severity on IRBB4, IRBB10, and IR24 did not differ significantly during the three years of testing. In Mabitac, the AUDPC values for disease incidence and severity were not significantly different among IRBB4, IRBB10, and IR24 in 1993 and in 1995. However, in 1994, disease incidence (AUDPC = 3,037.7) and severity (AUDPC = 891.0) on IRBB4 were significantly lower than on IRBB10 and IR24. Bacterial blight was lowest on IRBB7 at both sites and throughout 1993 to 1995, indicating that this genotype is effective in suppressing the disease even with the presence of an indigenous virulent population of X. oryzae pv. oryzae.

scholarly journals Snap beans for organic farming and evaluation of resistance to the common bacterial blight

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe A Andrade ◽  
Leandro SA Gonçalves ◽  
Anderson Fukuji ◽  
Édison Miglioranza ◽  
Lúcia SA Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACT Snap beans have been widely used in organic farming as a good income source and an alternative to diversify production, with increasing use in crop rotation. This work reports the evaluation of 25 bush-type snap beans accessions for their suitability to integrate a breeding program for organic farming, as well as for their resistance to the common bacterial blight (CBB). Agronomic performance was assessed in two field experiments (September-December, 2013; April-June, 2014), in complete blocks at random, while resistance to CBB was assessed in greenhouse, in a completely randomized trial. Plants were challenged with two isolates, one from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and another from X. fuscans subsp. fuscans. Accessions UEL 402, UEL 405, UEL 407, UEL 408, UEL 412, UEL 417 and UEL 420 were highly productive in both seasons (averages of 10.3, 8.7, 9.5, 9.2, 8.9, 9.3 and 9.2 t/ha, respectively), and are promising for use both as cultivars by organic farmers in the region of Londrina and also as germplasm in breeding programs for developing cultivars adapted to the region. Although all accessions were moderately susceptible to CBB, accessions UEL 407, UEL 409, UEL 411, UEL 412, UEL 424 and UEL 431 presented the lowest values for the area under CBB progress curve for both isolates.

Mapping of Common Bacterial Blight Resistance Gene in Common Bean

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ji-Feng ZHU ◽  
Jing WU ◽  
Lan-Fen WANG ◽  
Zhen-Dong ZHU ◽  
Shu-Min WANG
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance Gene

scholarly journals 545. The Impact of COVID-19 on African Americans’ Health Attitudes and Information Seeking Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S338-S339
Author(s):  
Katherine Kricorian ◽  
Ozlem Equils ◽  
Karin Kricorian ◽  
Brianna Rochebrun
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Family Members ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Health Attitudes ◽  
Health News ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Science And Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background African-Americans suffer a disproportionate impact from COVID-19, comprising about 24% of deaths while representing 13% of the US population. We conducted a study to understand COVID-19’s impact on African-Americans’ health attitudes. Methods In April 2020, we surveyed online a national sample of US adults on their health attitudes and behaviors before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Comparisons were analyzed using chi-squared tests. Results A total of 2,544 individuals completed the survey: 473 African-Americans, 282 Hispanics and 1,799 Caucasians responded. The mean ages of each group were 41.4 ± 11 years, 38.0 ± 11 years and 45.7 ± 13 years, respectively. Before COVID-19, African-Americans were least likely to report they had trust in science (53% vs. 68% for Hispanics and 77% for Caucasians; p&lt; .01) and government (16% vs. 27% and 28%; p&lt; .01). After COVID-19, the percentage of African-Americans who had trust in science and government fell further to 44% (p&lt; .01) and 9% (p&lt; .01), respectively, and remained significantly lower than the other two groups. Twice as many African-Americans vs. Caucasians stopped following science and health news after COVID-19 (9% vs. 4%, p&lt; .01). The percentage of African-Americans who reported anxiety about their health rose from 30% pre-COVID to 53% after the outbreak (p&lt; .01), and the percentage who reported anxiety about their family members’ health rose from 35% to 61% (p&lt; .01). Only 25% of African-Americans surveyed agreed that if they contracted COVID-19, they were confident they would get the healthcare needed. Conclusion After COVID-19, African-Americans’ trust in science and government fell and a meaningful percentage stopped following science and health news, possibly reducing access to important health information. The percentage of African-Americans reporting anxiety about the future, about their health and about their family members’ health all increased significantly after COVID-19. Only a minority of African-Americans agreed they would get the needed healthcare if they contracted COVID-19. These findings have implications for the mental health and behavioral impacts of COVID-19 on African-Americans and for the development of health communications to high-disease-incidence populations. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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