scholarly journals Increased expression of Interleukin-6 related to nephritis in chickens challenged with an Avian infectious bronchitis virus variant

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe S. Fernando ◽  
Cintia H. Okino ◽  
Ketherson R. Silva ◽  
Camila C. Fernandes ◽  
Mariana C.M. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Virus Variant ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

A Brazilian field isolate (IBV/Brazil/PR05) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), associated with development of nephritis in chickens, was previously genotyped as IBV variant after S1 gene sequencing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of IL-6 in kidneys and trachea of birds vaccinated and challenged with IBV/Brazil/PR05 strain, correlating these results with scores of microscopic lesions, specific IBV antigen detection and viral load. The up-regulation of IL-6 and the increased levels of viral load on renal and tracheal samples were significantly correlated with scores of microscopic lesions. Reduced levels of viral load were detected in kidneys of birds previously vaccinated and challenged, compared to non-vaccinated challenged group, although markedly microscopic lesions were observed for both groups. The expression of IL-6, present both in the kidney and in the tracheas, was dependent on the load of the virus present in the tissue, and the development of lesions was related with IL-6 present in the tissues. These data suggest that variant IBV/Brazil/PR05 can induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in a manner correlated with viral load and increased IL-6 is involved in the tissue with the influx of inflammatory cells and subsequent nephritis. This may contribute with a model to the development of immunosuppressive agents of IL-6 to prevent acute inflammatory processes against infection with IBV and perhaps other coronaviruses, as well as contribute to the understanding of the immunopathogenesis of IBV nephropatogenic strains.

scholarly journals Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus variant strain from an outbreak in egg-layer flocks in Baghdad, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1358-1362
Author(s):  
Abdullah O. Alhatami ◽  
Furkan Alaraji ◽  
Husam Muhsen Abdulwahab ◽  
Yahia Ismail Khudhair
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Good Strategy ◽  
Virus Variant ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
The North ◽  
Virus Strains

Background and Aim: Infectious bronchitis (IB) has an influential economic impact on the poultry industry, causing huge losses each year due to the condemnation of infected chickens. Despite the use of many kinds of vaccines in Iraq, it is common to find IB problems in vaccinated chickens. Information about the strains that affect Iraqi chickens is very limited. Therefore, we aimed to detect the currently circulating strains of IB virus that cause frequent outbreaks in egg layers despite the use of vaccination against the virus. Materials and Methods: Isolate detection, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis were performed using a rapid IB virus antigen kit (32 tracheal swabs), flinders technology associates (FTA) card (32 tracheal swabs), and partial gene sequencing (16 positive FTA samples). Results: The isolated strain was different from other strains, especially the strain isolated in the North of Iraq (Sulemania Strain) and shares 98% homology with an Israeli strain (Israel variant 2, IS 1494). Conclusion: Although more studies are needed to detect IB virus strains circulating in Iraq, this work lays the foundation for making a good strategy to control the disease and selecting vaccines that should be used in farms.

Comparative Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Assays for the Detection of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus as a Contaminant of Live Poultry Vaccines

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-634
Author(s):  
Emiliana Falcone ◽  
Edoardo Vignolo ◽  
Livia Di Trani ◽  
Simona Puzelli ◽  
Maria Tollis
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

A reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay specific for identifying avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in poultry vaccines, and the serological response to IBV induced by the inoculation of chicks with a Newcastle disease vaccine spiked with the Massachusetts strain of IBV, were compared for their ability to detect IBV as a contaminant of avian vaccines. The sensitivity of the IBV-RT-PCR assay provided results which were at least equivalent to the biological effect produced by the inoculation of chicks, allowing this assay to be considered a valid alternative to animal testing in the quality control of avian immunologicals. This procedure can easily be adapted to detect a number of contaminants for which the in vivo test still represents the only available method of detection.

Avian infectious bronchitis virus: isolation of an apparently new variant in Italy

2000 ◽  
Vol 146 (7) ◽  
pp. 191-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zanella ◽  
R. Coaro ◽  
R. Marchi ◽  
G. Fabris ◽  
A. Lavazza
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
New Variant

scholarly journals Research Note: Antibodies to Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Pakistani Chickens

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD A. MUNEER ◽  
JOHN A. NEWMAN ◽  
SAGAR M. GOYAL ◽  
M. AJMAL
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis
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