Computed tomographic features of the feline brain change with advancing age?

Abstract: A better understanding of normal or expected encephalic changes with increasing age in cats is needed as a growing number of these animals is attended in veterinary clinics, and imaging data referring to normal age-associated changes are extremely scarce in the literature. The objective of this study was to identify age-related changes in feline brain using CT imaging. Fifteen non-brachycephalic healthy cats with age between 1 to 6 years (adult group) and others over 12 years (geriatric group) were submitted to CT scan of the brain. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups for the ability to identify the left lateral ventricle and for falx cerebri calcification, both identified in a greater number of cats of the geriatric group. A significantly higher mean width of the third ventricle was also detected in geriatric animals. There were no statistically significant differences between lateral ventricular dimensions and encephalic parenchymal attenuation on pre and post-contrast CT phases. The results of the present study show an increase in the incidence of falx cerebri calcification and a third ventricular dilatation with advancing age in cats. Future researches using MRI scanners and a greater quantity of cats are needed in order to identify supplementary age-related changes.

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Computed tomographic assessment of equine maxillary cheek teeth anatomical relationships, and paranasal sinus volumes

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.104185 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 181 (17) ◽

pp. 452-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tiziana Liuti ◽

Richard Reardon ◽

Paddy M Dixon

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Age Group ◽

Medial Aspect ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Age Related ◽

Infraorbital Canal ◽

The Mean ◽

The Individual ◽

Gross Examination ◽

Age Related Changes

Disorders affecting the equine maxillary cheek teeth and paranasal sinuses are relatively common, but limited objective information is available on the dimensions and relationships of these structures in horses of different ages. The aims of this study were to assess age-related changes in the positioning and anatomical relationships of the individual maxillary cheek teeth with the infraorbital canal and maxillary septum and the volumes of the individual sinus compartments. CT and gross examination were performed on 60 normal equine cadaver heads that were aged by their dentition. The intrasinus position of cheek teeth, length of reserve crowns, relationship to the infraorbital canal and measurements of rostral drift and sinus compartment volumes were assessed from CT images. The findings included that Triadan 10 alveoli lay fully or partially in the rostral maxillary sinus (RMS) in 60% of cases. The infraorbital canal lay directly on the medial aspect of the alveolar apex in younger horses. The Triadan 11’sclinical crowns and apices drifted a mean of 2.48 and 2.83 cm more rostral to the orbit, respectively, in the >15 years old vs the <6 years old age group. The mean volumes of sinus compartments ranged from 175 cm3for the caudal maxillary sinus (CMS) to 4 cm3for the ethmoidal sinus (ES). This information should be of value in the diagnosis and treatment of equine dental and sinus disorders and as reference values for further studies.

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Xenon Contrast CT-CBF Scanning of the Brain Differentiates Normal Age-Related Changes from Multi-infarct Dementia and Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type

Journal of Gerontology ◽

10.1093/geronj/39.4.415 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 415-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

H. Tachibana ◽

J. S. Meyer ◽

H. Okayasu ◽

T. G. Shaw ◽

P. Kandula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Senile Dementia ◽

Alzheimer Type ◽

Dementia Of Alzheimer Type ◽

Age Related ◽

Contrast Ct ◽

The Brain ◽

Age Related Changes

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Feline injection site sarcoma: computed-tomographic density and assessment of tumor dimensions by different methods

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2017001000012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

pp. 1113-1118

Author(s):

Karen Maciel Zardo ◽

Lucas Petri Damiani ◽

Julia Maria Matera ◽

Ana Carolina B.C. Fonseca-Pinto

Keyword(s):

Physical Examination ◽

Injection Site ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Hounsfield Unit ◽

Ct Images ◽

Post Contrast ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Definition Of ◽

Ct Density ◽

Contrast Ct

ABSTRACT: Feline injection site sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm with digitiform projections into muscular planes that are ill recognized during physical examination and may compromise tumor margin demarcation. This study compared tumoral size of 32 cats measured by different methods, and evaluated the CT density of 10 tumoral tissues (Hounsfield unit) based on histograms. Tumor axes were measured by physical examination and CT images. Larger craniocaudal axis measurements were obtained following multiplanar reconstruction of pre- and post-contrast CT images (p=0.049 and p=0.041 respectively); dorsoventral axis measurements taken from post-contrast CT images were also larger (p=0.010). Tumor volume estimates increased following contrast-enhancement. Histograms tended to produce two peaks: one in the fat and another in the soft tissue attenuation range. Multiplanar reconstructed post-contrast CT images provided clearer definition of tumor margins and more judicious determination of tumor size. A tendency of common FISS attenuation profile could be described.

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Age-related Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Mean Width and Area of the Lumbar Vertebrae in Male African Green Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS ◽

10.1538/expanim1978.43.2_235 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 235-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Akio HIYAOKA ◽

Takashi YOSHIDA ◽

Fumiaki CHO ◽

Yasuhiro YOSHIKAWA

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Lumbar Vertebrae ◽

Cercopithecus Aethiops ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Age Related ◽

Mean Width ◽

Age Related Changes ◽

Green Monkeys

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Age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy domestic cats

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5208 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 1935-1941

Author(s):

Viviam R. Babicsak ◽

Adriana V. Klein ◽

Miriam H. Tsunemi ◽

Luiz C. Vulcano

Keyword(s):

Olfactory Bulb ◽

Third Ventricle ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Intracranial Volume ◽

Domestic Cats ◽

Cerebral Ventricles ◽

Lateral Ventricles ◽

Age Related ◽

The Right ◽

Age Related Changes

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy non-brachycephalic domestic cats by the acquisition of brain MRI images of 12 adult (1 to 6 years), 11 mature (7 to11 years) and 10 geriatric (12 years or more) cats. Our hypothesis is that the cerebral ventricular system of cats expands with increasing age. The possibility of the evidence of the olfactory bulb cavities and temporal horns of the lateral ventricles were evaluated in this study. Volumes of the olfactory bulb cavities, lateral ventricles (including the temporal horns), third ventricle, mesencephalic aqueduct and fourth ventricle were measured and corrected for the intracranial volume. Significant differences were found between the adult and mature groups in relation to the geriatric one for the variable related to the evidence of the temporal ventricular horns, which were most frequently visualized in geriatric cats. Percentage of the right lateral and third ventricles volume by intracranial volume were significantly higher in geriatric cats compared to the adults. The results of this study demonstrate that ventricular dilation tends to occur with advancing age in cats, as well as the increase in the frequency of the temporal ventricular horn evidence, as had been indicated in the hypothesis of the study.

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Is the distance between mammillary bodies predictive of a thickened third ventricle floor?

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2008.4.17539 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 852-857 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Corrado Iaccarino ◽

Enrico Tedeschi ◽

Armando Rapanà ◽

Ilario Massarelli ◽

Giuseppe Belfiore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mr Imaging ◽

Third Ventricle ◽

Cerebral Atrophy ◽

Control Group ◽

Third Ventriculostomy ◽

Anatomical Landmarks ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Mammillary Bodies ◽

Age Related ◽

Third Ventricle Floor

Object The aim of this study was to correlate intraoperative endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) findings in hydrocephalic patients with the MR imaging appearance of the mammillary bodies (MBs), the fundamental anatomical landmarks of the third ventricle floor (TVF) region. Methods The authors reviewed brain MR images and intraoperative ETV records in 23 patients with hydrocephalus as well as MR imaging data from 120 randomized control volunteers of various ages to define the normal intermammillary distance (IMD). Results In control volunteers, no measurable IMD (“kissing” configuration) was observed in 91 (85%) of 107 cases, and there was mild MB splitting (mean ± standard deviation, 0.18 ± 0.12 cm) in only 16 cases with age-related cerebral atrophy. Among the 21 patients with complete MR imaging and ETV data sets, 12 ETV procedures were hindered by anatomical anomalies such as a thickened TVF or an “upward ballooning” phenomenon. On preoperative MR imaging in these 12 patients, there was an increased IMD (0.55 ± 0.41 cm) compared with that in the remaining 9 patients (0.27 ± 0.25 cm) who had a normal thin TVF during ETV and in the control group (0.03 ± 0.08 cm). Magnetic resonance imaging and ETV data concordantly displayed nonsplit MBs in 6 of 9 cases with a thin TVF and split MBs in 10 of 12 cases with a thick TVF. Conclusions The normal configuration of MBs is no measurable IMD, with mild splitting occurring in patients with age-related brain atrophy. In hydrocephalic patients, a thickened TVF was present almost exclusively with an increased IMD on preoperative MR imaging and separated MBs on endoscopic viewing. Large retrospective series are needed to confirm that a preoperative increased IMD is predictive of a thickened TVF during ETV.

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Experiences of using a single post-contrast CT scan of the chest after biphasic contrast injection

South African Journal of Radiology ◽

10.4102/sajr.v16i2.307 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 56-60

Author(s):

Phillip Carl Pretorius

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Arterial Phase ◽

Contrast Injection ◽

Post Contrast ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Scanning Technique ◽

Contrast Ct

Computed tomographic chest investigations can be enhanced; in many cases, the arterial phase of a post-contrast arterial and delay (60 seconds) study can be omitted when planning the contrast injection and scanning technique carefully. A biphasic contrast injection was used before starting a single 60-second post-contrast scan.

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