scholarly journals Feline injection site sarcoma: computed-tomographic density and assessment of tumor dimensions by different methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1113-1118
Author(s):  
Karen Maciel Zardo ◽  
Lucas Petri Damiani ◽  
Julia Maria Matera ◽  
Ana Carolina B.C. Fonseca-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ct Density ◽  
Contrast Ct

ABSTRACT: Feline injection site sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm with digitiform projections into muscular planes that are ill recognized during physical examination and may compromise tumor margin demarcation. This study compared tumoral size of 32 cats measured by different methods, and evaluated the CT density of 10 tumoral tissues (Hounsfield unit) based on histograms. Tumor axes were measured by physical examination and CT images. Larger craniocaudal axis measurements were obtained following multiplanar reconstruction of pre- and post-contrast CT images (p=0.049 and p=0.041 respectively); dorsoventral axis measurements taken from post-contrast CT images were also larger (p=0.010). Tumor volume estimates increased following contrast-enhancement. Histograms tended to produce two peaks: one in the fat and another in the soft tissue attenuation range. Multiplanar reconstructed post-contrast CT images provided clearer definition of tumor margins and more judicious determination of tumor size. A tendency of common FISS attenuation profile could be described.

Bubble study as a medium of contrast for computerized tomography coronary angiography. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Shah ◽  
Justyn Huang
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Negative Contrast ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Hounsfield Units ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Clinical Difference ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Scan Protocol

BACKGROUND Computed tomographic coronary angiogram (CTCA) is a non-invasive test with a negative predictive value of nearly 100% for the detection of coronary artery study. While diagnostic yield of a dedicated CTCA with bubble contrast is not yet evaluated OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of injected bubble contrast and ability to measure difference in hounsfield units and use it as a "negative contrast" in computed tomographic METHODS This is a single center, single patient study. Baseline acquisition of a non-contrast CT scan was acquired to get hounsfield unit count in the aorta and pulmonary artery- (Calcium scan protocol) 1.4 mGy (19.5 mGy/cm). Secondly, Echo contrasts (Definity) - 5mls was injected and an echocardiogram confirmed filling in the aortic region. Finally, bubble contrast (1ml air, 8mls water and 1mls blood was drawn up and agitated through a 3 way tap) - was injected, a timing run was initiated to calculate for the bubbles to opacity the pulmonary artery. The same scan protocol was used– 1.4 mGy (19.5 mGy/cm). RESULTS Hounsfield units’ difference in the aorta and pulmonary artery from baseline compared to echo contrast and bubble contrast were not significant. CONCLUSIONS We believe this is the first ever recorded case to use bubbles as CT contrast. While results were not significant, secondary to small volume of bubbles injected. Further research needs to be implemented to assess clinical difference with amount of bubbles and volume required. CLINICALTRIAL Single centre study

scholarly journals Multi-factorial considerations for intra-thoracic lymph node evaluations of healthy cats on computed tomographic images

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninlawan Thammasiri ◽  
Chutimon Thanaboonnipat ◽  
Nan Choisunirachon ◽  
Damri Darawiroj
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Abstract Background It is difficult to examine mild to moderate feline intra-thoracic lymphadenopathy via and thoracic radiography. Despite previous information from computed tomographic (CT) images of intra-thoracic lymph nodes, some factors from animals and CT setting were less elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of internal factors from animals and external factors from the CT procedure on the feasibility to detect the intra-thoracic lymph nodes. Twenty-four, client-owned, clinically healthy cats were categorized into three groups according to age. They underwent pre- and post-contrast enhanced CT for whole thorax followed by inter-group evaluation and comparison of sternal, cranial mediastinal, and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Results Post contrast-enhanced CT appearances revealed that intra-thoracic lymph nodes of kittens were invisible, whereas the sternal, cranial mediastinal, and tracheobronchial nodes of cats aged over 7 months old were detected (6/24, 9/24 and 7/24, respectively). Maximum width of these lymph nodes were 3.93 ± 0.74 mm, 4.02 ± 0.65 mm, and 3.51 ± 0.62 mm, respectively. By age, lymph node sizes of these cats were not significantly different. Transverse lymph node width of males was larger than that of females (P = 0.0425). Besides, the detection score of lymph nodes was affected by slice thickness (P < 0.01) and lymph node width (P = 0.0049). Furthermore, an irregular, soft tissue structure, possibly the thymus, was detected in all juvenile cats and three mature cats. Conclusions Despite additional information on intra-thoracic lymph nodes in CT images, which can be used to investigate lymphatic-related abnormalities, age, sex, and slice thickness of CT images must be also considered.

scholarly journals CT-pathologic correlation of non-calcified atherosclerotic arterial plaques: a study using carotid endarterectomy specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1109) ◽  
pp. 20190901
Author(s):  
Masahiro Higashi ◽  
Naoaki Yamada ◽  
Satoshi Imakita ◽  
Chikao Yutani ◽  
Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Contrast Ct

Objective: Pathologic features of atherosclerotic plaques on CT are not established. We compared CT values among pathologically confirmed plaque constituents and evaluated their ability to distinguish plaque constituents. Methods: 50 histopathological images of carotid endarterectomy samples from 10 males and 2 females (age 54–74 years, average 65.9 years) were examined. We compared pre-operative CT [pre-contrast (CT-P), early post-contrast phase (CT-E), delayed post-contrast phase (CT-D)] of lipid-rich necrotic core (NC) and fibrous tissue (F) plaque components with pathological images. The ability of features to differentiate plaque components using several discrimination techniques were compared. Results: CT values of NC and F were 36 ± 13, 45 ± 11 (mean ± standard deviation, Hounsfield unit, HU), 41 ± 17, 69 ± 18, and 44 ± 16, 70 ± 13 in CT-P (p < 0.01), CT-E (p < 0.0001), and CT-D (p < 0.0001), respectively. The threshold, sensitivity, and accuracy for distinguishing NC from F were 44 HU, 74%, and 68%; 55 HU, 85%, and 85%; and 63 HU, 92%, and 84% in CTP, CT-E, and CT-D, respectively. CT-P had lower accuracy than CT-E and CT-D (both p < 0.05), but CT-E and CT-D were similar. CT-E and CT-D yielded 90 and 91% sensitivity and accuracy, respectively in linear discrimination analysis. Conclusion: In both pre- and post-contrast CT, CT values were lower in NC than F. Although values overlapped, using two-phase post-contrast CTs improved discrimination ability. Advances in knowledge: Our findings may help to establish computer-aided diagnosis of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in future.

scholarly journals Computed tomographic features of the feline brain change with advancing age?

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Viviam R. Babicsak ◽  
Guilherme S. Cardoso ◽  
Miriam H. Tsunemi ◽  
Luiz C. Vulcano
Keyword(s):  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Falx Cerebri ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract: A better understanding of normal or expected encephalic changes with increasing age in cats is needed as a growing number of these animals is attended in veterinary clinics, and imaging data referring to normal age-associated changes are extremely scarce in the literature. The objective of this study was to identify age-related changes in feline brain using CT imaging. Fifteen non-brachycephalic healthy cats with age between 1 to 6 years (adult group) and others over 12 years (geriatric group) were submitted to CT scan of the brain. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups for the ability to identify the left lateral ventricle and for falx cerebri calcification, both identified in a greater number of cats of the geriatric group. A significantly higher mean width of the third ventricle was also detected in geriatric animals. There were no statistically significant differences between lateral ventricular dimensions and encephalic parenchymal attenuation on pre and post-contrast CT phases. The results of the present study show an increase in the incidence of falx cerebri calcification and a third ventricular dilatation with advancing age in cats. Future researches using MRI scanners and a greater quantity of cats are needed in order to identify supplementary age-related changes.

scholarly journals Cranial Structure of Varanus komodoensis as Revealed by Computed-Tomographic Imaging

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Sara Pérez ◽  
Mario Encinoso ◽  
Juan Alberto Corbera ◽  
Manuel Morales ◽  
Alberto Arencibia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Intensity Projection ◽  
Helical Ct ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Projection Images ◽  
Ct Density ◽  
Normal Head

This study aimed to describe the anatomic features of the normal head of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) identified by computed tomography. CT images were obtained in two dragons using a helical CT scanner. All sections were displayed with a bone and soft tissue windows setting. Head reconstructed, and maximum intensity projection images were obtained to enhance bony structures. After CT imaging, the images were compared with other studies and reptile anatomy textbooks to facilitate the interpretation of the CT images. Anatomic details of the head of the Komodo dragon were identified according to the CT density characteristics of the different organic tissues. This information is intended to be a useful initial anatomic reference in interpreting clinical CT imaging studies of the head and associated structures in live Komodo dragons.

scholarly journals Classification of Aortic Dissection and Rupture on Post-contrast CT Images Using a Convolutional Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Harris ◽  
Shwan Kim ◽  
Jerry Lohr ◽  
Steve Towey ◽  
Zeljko Velichkovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Contrast Ct

scholarly journals Experiences of using a single post-contrast CT scan of the chest after biphasic contrast injection

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Phillip Carl Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Contrast Injection ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Scanning Technique ◽  
Contrast Ct

Computed tomographic chest investigations can be enhanced; in many cases, the arterial phase of a post-contrast arterial and delay (60 seconds) study can be omitted when planning the contrast injection and scanning technique carefully. A biphasic contrast injection was used before starting a single 60-second post-contrast scan.

scholarly journals Ferumoxytol-enhanced MR imaging for differentiating intrapancreatic splenules from other tumors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Muehler ◽  
V. R. Rendell ◽  
L. L. Bergmann ◽  
E. R. Winslow ◽  
S. B. Reeder
Keyword(s):  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Symptomatic Patient ◽  
Splenic Tissue ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Delayed Imaging ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Slow Intravenous Infusion

Abstract Objectives Ferumoxytol is an ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) agent that is taken up by splenic tissue. This study describes our initial institutional experience of ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI (feMRI) for differentiating intrapancreatic splenules (IPS) from other pancreatic lesions. Methods In this retrospective study, patients with computed tomographic imaging that identified small enhancing lesions in the tail of the pancreas subsequently underwent feMRI for further characterization. The feMRI protocol included T2-weighted (T2w) imaging with and without fat suppression (FS), R2* mapping, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and T1-weighted (T1w) imaging with FS, prior to contrast injection. Immediately after slow intravenous infusion with 3 mg/kg body weight ferumoxytol, T1w was repeated. Delayed imaging with all sequences were obtained 24–72 h after ferumoxytol administration. Results Seven patients underwent feMRI. In two patients, the pancreatic lesions were presumed as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) from feMRI and in the remaining 5 IPS. One of the two patients with PNET was symptomatic for NET. In another symptomatic patient with pathologically proven duodenal NET and suspected PNET, the pancreatic lesion was proven to be an IPS on feMRI. IPS demonstrated strong negative enhancement in feMRI on T2w and increased R2* values consistent with splenic tissue, while the presumed PNETs did not enhance. T2w FS was helpful on the pre-contrast images to identify IPS, while R2* did on post-contrast images. Neither DWI nor T1w contributed to differentiating PNETs from IPS. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential utility of feMRI as a helpful adjunct diagnostic tool for differentiating IPS from other pancreatic lesions. Further studies in larger patient cohorts are needed.

scholarly journals Multi-scale characterizations of colon polyps via computed tomographic colonography

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Cao ◽  
Marc J. Pomeroy ◽  
Yongfeng Gao ◽  
Matthew A. Barish ◽  
Almas F. Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Texture Descriptor ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Occurrence Matrix

AbstractTexture features have played an essential role in the field of medical imaging for computer-aided diagnosis. The gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based texture descriptor has emerged to become one of the most successful feature sets for these applications. This study aims to increase the potential of these features by introducing multi-scale analysis into the construction of GLCM texture descriptor. In this study, we first introduce a new parameter - stride, to explore the definition of GLCM. Then we propose three multi-scaling GLCM models according to its three parameters, (1) learning model by multiple displacements, (2) learning model by multiple strides (LMS), and (3) learning model by multiple angles. These models increase the texture information by introducing more texture patterns and mitigate direction sparsity and dense sampling problems presented in the traditional Haralick model. To further analyze the three parameters, we test the three models by performing classification on a dataset of 63 large polyp masses obtained from computed tomography colonoscopy consisting of 32 adenocarcinomas and 31 benign adenomas. Finally, the proposed methods are compared to several typical GLCM-texture descriptors and one deep learning model. LMS obtains the highest performance and enhances the prediction power to 0.9450 with standard deviation 0.0285 by area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics score which is a significant improvement.

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