scholarly journals Genetic purity certificate in seeds of hybrid maize using molecular markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalinka Carla Padovani de Carvalho Salgado ◽  
das Graças Guimarães Carvalho Vieira ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Cláudia Teixeira Guimarães ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Mendelian Segregation ◽  
Purity Analysis ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Maize

One of the main features that confer high quality to the seed is its genetic purity, in which one of the major causes of contamination is the self-pollination of the female parent. Up to date, there is no accurate and fast methods for detecting such contamination. Thus, this work was carried out to certify the genetic purity in seeds of hybrid maize using different biochemical and DNA-based markers. Two single-cross hybrids and their parental lines derived from the maize breeding program at UFLA were evaluated by isoenzymatic pattern of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), 6-phosphoglucomate dehydrogenase (PGDH), catalase (CAT) and ß-glucosidade (ßGLU) and by microsatellites markers. The enzymatic systems that were able to distinguish the hybrids from their parental line were the catalase, the isocitrate dehydrogenase and the esterase. The esterase showed a Mendelian segregation pattern for UFLA 8/3 hybrid, that enables a safer genetic purity certificate. Microsatellites were able to differentiate the hybrid lines and the respective parental lines. Moreover, this technique was fast, precise and without environment effects. For microsatellites, the amplification pattern was identical when young leaves or seeds were used as DNA source. The possibility of using seeds as DNA source would accelerate and facilitate the role process of the genetic purity analysis.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Molecular Markers for Fingerprinting of Chilli Hybrids & its Parental Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Shishir Tiwari ◽  
Shweta Sao ◽  
Antu Kurrey ◽  
Pulak Das
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Issr Marker ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Purity Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Morphological Differences

Chilli (Capsicum annum) is the predominant sp., which is cultivated in both hot and sweet papers. The maintenance of the genetic purity of chilli plant is a matter of great concern for the breeders. For genetic purity analysis, between true hybrids and off-types, breeders find out morphological differences between them, but this technique is cannot be recognized easily and also costly, tedious to score, and environmentally sensitive. Alternatively,  molecular markers based genetic purity analysis can be employed. The molecular marker-based technique was thus used to overcome the conventional method drawbacks. The main objective of the study is to identify informative molecular markers (ISSR and RAPD) capable of distinguishing Chilli hybrids and their parental lines and their utilization in seed purity assessment. Five parental lines of Chilli (i.eCH10, CH12, CH530, CH709, CH734) were used for the production of 3 hybrids. Total 30 ISSR and 8 RAPD primers were selected for the study of 5 parental lines, among them 2ISSR and 1 RAPD primers produced unique fingerprinting across the hybrids. The ISSR marker UBC815 amplified alleles specific to different parental lines(CH10 & CH12) for hybrids (ACH112), The ISSR marker UBC 827, amplified alleles specific to different parental lines(CH709 & CH12) for hybrids (ACH179). Likewise, RAPD primer B20 for hybrid ACH 753 and their parental lines(CH734 & CH530). Thus, the above study showed that the aid of molecular markers is more reliable, highly efficient, and reproducible for assessing fingerprinting of Chilli commercial hybrid seeds with more accuracy.

scholarly journals Self-Crossing Leads to Weak Co-Variation of the Bacterial and Fungal Communities in the Rice Rhizosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Shaohua Shi ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Marcio F. A. Leite ◽  
Chunling Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Parent ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Community Dissimilarity ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

The rhizomicrobial community is influenced by plant genotype. However, the potential differences in the co-assembly of bacterial and fungal communities between parental lines and different generations of rice progenies have not been examined. Here we compared the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizomicrobiomes of female parent Oryza rufipogon wild rice; male parent Oryza sativa cultivated rice; their F1 progeny; and the F2, F3 and F4 self-crossing generations. Our results showed that the bacterial and fungal α-diversities of the hybrid F1 and self-crossing generations (F2, F3, F4) were closer to one of the two parental lines, which may indicate a role of the parental line in the diversity of the rhizosphere microbial community assembly. Self-crossing from F1 to F4 led to weak co-variation of the bacterial and fungal communities and distinct rhizosphere microbiomes. In the parental and self-crossing progenies, the reduction of community dissimilarity was higher for the fungal community than for the bacterial community.

scholarly journals Maturation Time and Daily Grain Yield of Sorghum in the Tropics.

1969 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
H. M. Pava ◽  
A. Sotomayor-Ríos ◽  
D. E. Weibel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Maturation Rate ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
The Tropics

Differences in maturation time and daily grain yield were sought among cultivars and hybrids of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grown in the tropics. Seven lines were used as males in crosses with three cytoplasmic-genetic male-sterile lines to produce 21 hybrids. Formation of the black layer (SL) was used as criterion for physiologic maturity. The male-parental lines and their hybrids were evaluated for grain yield/day from planting to midbfoom (GYMS), from planting to SL formation (GYSL), and from midbloom (MS) to SL formation (GYMS-SL), and for total grain yield at SL formation (GY). When results for the hybrids of each female line were averaged over the seven male-parental lines, hybrids of the female "Redlan' were first to reach MS and BL formation, and they produced the largest GYMS and GYSL. When results for the hybrids of each male-parental line were averaged over the three female lines, hybrids of the males 6, 9, and 10 were among the first to reach MS and SL formation, and were highest in GYMS, GYSL, GYMS-SL, and GY. For individual hybrids, differences in both maturation time and GY contributed to differences in daily grain yield, but the greater influence appeared to be that of GY. However, in five of the seven sets of hybrids having a given male parent (e.g ., A4, S4, and C4), the hybrid (with Redlan in each case) that was first to reach MS produced a GYMS equal to or higher than those of the hybrids that were slower to reach MS. Also in four of the seven sets of hybrids, the hybrid (with Redlan in three cases) that was first to reach SL formation had a GYSL higher than those of the later maturing hybrids. When the male-parental lines were selfed, lines 6, 9, and 10 produced the highest GY, GYMS, GYSL, and GYMS-SL. These lines were among the five earliest. In the tropics high yield/day and rapid maturation rate may be very desirable characteristics, and the current research identified hybrids with these characteristics. Redlan seems promising as a female parent for such desirable hybrids. Males 6, 9, and 10 seem promising as parent for GY, but they have some undesirable agronomic or quality characteristics.

Hybrid maize breeding with doubled haploids: Comparison between selection criteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. H. Longin ◽  
H. F. Utz ◽  
A. E. Melchinger ◽  
J.C. Reif
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Optimum Allocation ◽  
Finite Sample ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Selection Gain ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Breeding Resources

The optimum allocation of breeding resources is crucial for the efficiency of breeding programmes. The objectives were to (i) compare selection gain ΔGk for finite and infinite sample sizes, (ii) compare ΔGk and the probability of identifying superior hybrids (Pk), and (iii) determine the optimum allocation of the number of hybrids and test locations in hybrid maize breeding using doubled haploids. Infinite compared to finite sample sizes led to almost identical optimum allocation of test resources, but to an inflation of ΔGk. This inflation decreased as the budget and the number of finally selected hybrids increased. A reasonable Pk was reached for hybrids belonging to the q = 1% best of the population. The optimum allocations for Pk(q) and ΔGkwere similar, indicating that Pk(q) is promising for optimizing breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Selection Signatures Underlying Dramatic Male Inflorescence Transformation During Modern Hybrid Maize Breeding

Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 1125-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Gage ◽  
Michael R. White ◽  
Jode W. Edwards ◽  
Shawn Kaeppler ◽  
Natalia de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Selection Signatures ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Male Inflorescence ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Hybrid maize breeding with doubled haploids. IV. Number versus size of crosses and importance of parental selection in two-stage selection for testcross performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo Wegenast ◽  
C. Friedrich H. Longin ◽  
H. Friedrich Utz ◽  
Albrecht E. Melchinger ◽  
Hans Peter Maurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Parental Selection ◽  
Testcross Performance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Genetic purity analysis of cotton (Gossypium spp.) hybrids using SSR markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Selvakumar ◽  
R. Ravikesavan ◽  
A. Gopikrishnan ◽  
K. Thiyagu ◽  
S. Preetha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Gossypium Spp ◽  
Purity Analysis

Comparative proteomic analysis of hybrid maize MR2008 and its parental lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 159 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 570-579
Author(s):  
E. E. Osawa-Martínez ◽  
B. Minjarez ◽  
Y. Rodríguez-Yáñez ◽  
E. E. Reza-Zaldivar ◽  
A. A. Canales-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractMaize is one of the three staple foods in the world. The white variety represents 60% of the maize importation with a world consumption of 1125 million tons in 2019/2020. Currently, new technologies could contribute to the analysis of this seed, supporting quality control and improvement. This study aims to carry out the morphological and proteomic comparison between the hybrid MR2008 and its parental lines LUG03 and CML491 through mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis. Herein, we identified that 34.8% of the hybrid proteome differs from the parental proteome. Also, ontological and morphological analyses determined that the hybrid exhibits more characteristics related to CML491 than LUG03, for example, metabolic pathways and enzymes, such as anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UniProt P16166). This analysis allowed the identification of dominant characters, metabolic pathways and confirms the utility of this methodology in agricultural practices, mainly in processes of selection and quality control of a crop.

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